Isolation and characterization of porcine circovirus type-2 from sera of stillborn fetuses

In order to examine an association between porcine circovirus type-2 (PCV2) infection and reproductive failure in pigs, sera (n = 171) from stillborn fetuses were collected from 3 different farms with prolonged histories of reproductive problems. These sera were tested for the presence of antibodies to PCV2 using an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. Of the 171 sera tested, 28 had PCV2 antibody titers of ≥ 1:16. When these 28 samples were tested by a polymerase chain reaction assay, 13 were found to contain PCV2 viral DNA. Of these 13 samples containing both PCV2 antibodies and viral DNA, 9 yielded PCV2 on virus isolation. Amino acid sequences comprising open reading frame 2 of PCV2 from 2 of these isolates were compared to PCV2 isolates from cases of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). The amino acid sequences of the 2 isolates from stillborn pigs were shown to be nearly identical to each other, as well as to other PCV2 isolates associated with reproductive failure. When compared with PMWS isolates, the isolates from the stillborn fetuses showed differences of at least 2 amino acids. These results confirm previous findings that transplacental infection of PCV2 occurs in the field and that stillbirths in pigs may be associated with PCV2 infections. At present, the significance of minor differences in amino acid sequences is not known.     

热解挥发物分级冷凝初分生物油研究

设计了一种恒温分级冷凝装置,应用该装置对油茶果壳在500℃时的热解挥发物进行了分级冷凝试验,获得了165℃以上、165~120℃、120℃以下3个冷凝温度段下的分级生物油产物;分析了各组产物的热值、p H值、运动粘度后发现:前2级生物油产物的含水率得到了有效降低,高位热值均大于23 MJ/kg,比常规方法所获生物油的热值增加约44%,但运动粘度较大;随着冷凝温度的降低,各组生物油运动粘度显著下降,p H值略有提升;通过热分析曲线并结合综合燃烧特性指数分析了生物油的燃烧特性,发现利用分级冷凝所获得的初分生物油在燃烧特性上出现了比较明显的区别,其中第2级生物油在各组样品中的燃烧性能最好。试验结果表明,所设计的分级冷凝装置基本实现了热解挥发物的在线初级分离,各级产物的特性有比较明显的区别,为生物油分级冷凝装置的设计提供了参考,为分级生物油的进一步应用奠定了基础。     

First report of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing tumor disease of Populus koreana in China

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In May 2018, a bacterial tumor disease was observed on Populus koreana in Shuangyang county, Changchun city, Jilin Province. Based on physiological...     

RGO/Nylon-6 composite mat with unique structural features and electrical properties obtained from electrospinning and hydrothermal process

In this work, the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets were effectively uploaded through nylon-6 fibers using combined process of electrospinning and hydrothermal treatment. Good dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) with nylon-6 solution could allow to upload GO sheets through nylon-6 fibers and facilitate the formation of spider-wave-like nano-nets during electrospinning. GO sheets present on/into nylon-6 spider-wave-like nano-nets were further reduced to RGO using hydrothermal treatment. The impregnated GO sheets into nylon-6 nanofibers and their reduction during hydrothermal treatment were confirmed by FE-SEM, TEM, FT-IR and Raman spectra. The electrical characteristics of pristine nylon-6, GO/nylon-6 and RGO/nylon-6 nanofibers were investigated and it was found that RGO/nylon-6 composite mat had better electrical conductivity than others. The formation of spider-wave-like nano-nets as well as indirect route of incorporation of RGO sheets on electrospun nylon-6 mat may open a new direction for future graphene/polymer electronics.     

迪北地区致密砂岩气藏测井评价新技术

迪北地区侏罗系阿合组属于致密裂缝性砂岩储层,沉积相类型以辫状三角洲平原为主,岩性复杂,粒度变化大,岩石骨架受多种矿物影响。利用元素俘获测井(ECS),结合常规测井资料分析岩性对储层有效性的影响,为评价储层孔隙度提供准确的骨架参数。同时,裂缝是改善该区储层渗透性的重要因素,裂缝的发育程度决定了储层的渗流能力,引入EARTH IMAGER新型油基钻井液成像测井仪,并利用岩心标定成像,有效解决了裂缝的识别问题。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病的气道反应性与血清IL—8因子水平的研究

目的：探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）的气道反应性ＩＬ－８因子在ＣＯＰＤ发病中的作用，方法：用组胺气道吸入激发试验观察缓解期ＣＯＰＤ，哮喘和健康人的气道反应性，同时测定气道激发前后血清ＩＬ－８水平变化。结果：ＣＯＰＤ和哮喘患者均呈气道高反应性，且ＣＯＰＤ组ＰＤ５０ＦＥＶ１与ＦＥＶ１／Ｐｒｅ％（Ｐ〈０．０２，Ｐ〈０．０５），ＩＬ－８水平与ＰＤ２０ＦＥＶ１无显著相关性，气道激发后，ＣＯＰＤ和哮喘血清Ｉ     

地膜覆盖对土壤中N2O释放的影响

研究地膜覆盖下土壤中N₂O释放可为进一步探明膜下土壤中N₂O的传输、消耗和排放到大气的动力学过程提供理论依据。在2001年3月至6月和2001年10月至2002年6月连续两个冬小麦生长季，采用静态漏斗法和揭膜—封闭箱法测定了地膜覆盖下耕层5、10、20 cm土层处和地表处N₂O的释放特征及相应土壤性质。结果表明：地膜覆盖下，地表和耕层10、20 cm土层处N₂O释放通量显著增加；0～5 cm土层土壤水分和10～20 cm土层土壤硝态氮的浓度的变化分别解释了休闲地和冬小麦地土壤中N₂O释放通量85.23%和92.11%的变异，它们是膜下休闲地和冬小麦地土壤中N₂O释放通量增加的主要原因。该结论对地膜覆盖下科学地控制农田水分、养分以及地膜覆盖在中国西北地区的科学使用和推行具有实际意义。     

农膜残留对砂壤土和砂土水分入渗和蒸发的影响

通过室内试验设置5个不同残膜量(0、50、100、200、400 kg/hm~2)处理,研究不同残膜量对砂壤土和砂土水分入渗湿润锋、入渗速率、累积入渗量、土壤累积蒸发量和蒸发速率的影响,并评价了主要土壤入渗、蒸发模型在农膜残留土壤的适用性。结果表明:随着土壤中残膜量增多,砂壤土和砂土入渗速率变慢,土壤湿润锋运移相同距离所需时间均显著增加,其中运移30 cm时,砂壤土残膜量400 kg/hm~2处理(SL5)比无残膜处理(SL1)运移时间增加了27.56%;相同入渗时间内累积入渗量随残膜量增加均显著减小(P0.05),入渗结束后SL5处理比SL1处理累积入渗量减小了52.01 m L(23.12%);残膜量增加导致蒸发速率、累积蒸发量都显著减小(P0.05),蒸发结束后SL5处理比SL1处理累积蒸发量减小了30.63%,且不同残膜量对砂壤土的影响大于砂土。对4个土壤水分入渗及蒸发模型进行拟合,结果显示Kostiakov和Philip入渗模型均能较好模拟残膜条件下土壤水分入渗,其中Philip入渗模型拟合精度高于Kostiakov入渗模型,且对砂土中农膜残留下的土壤水分入渗模拟效果更好;Black蒸发模型随着残膜量增加拟合精度下降,而Rose蒸发模型受残膜量的影响较小,更适合于农膜残留土壤累积蒸发量估算。     

培矮64S的主效不育基因的光敏不育特性研究

 培矮 64S是由光敏核不育水稻农垦 5 8S作不育基因供体转育而成的 ,但其育性表现为较强的温度敏感性。从培矮 64S与常规稻品种农垦 5 8杂交后代 F2 中获得了典型的光敏雄性不育株 ,其可育株与不育株比例为 3∶ 1;证明控制培矮 64S育性的主效基因仍属光敏核不育基因。笔者在分析后认为 ,光敏核不育基因的高效表达对其所在的遗传背景有高度依赖性 ,在光敏核不育系选育中 ,在注重获得主效光敏不育基因的同时 ,还要注重对其高效表达的遗传背景的选择与改造。在利用克隆的光敏核不育基因进行分子育种时也要高度重视对转基因亲本遗传背景的选择     

油菜菌核病发生流行与菌源量、气候因子关系分析及病情预测模型的建立

为探究油菜菌核病田间发生流行的影响因子并建立病情预测模型,采用田间调查法测定油菜田菌核密度、子囊盘密度、花朵带菌率,并分析了2008—2014年各气候因子与病叶率、成熟期茎秆病株率、病情指数之间的关系。结果显示,田间菌核密度、子囊盘密度、花朵带菌率与病叶率及成熟期茎秆病株率均呈极显著正相关;2月下旬至5月上旬日均气温及2月下旬至4月上旬日均相对湿度、降雨量及降雨天数与各年度成熟期病株率及病情指数均呈显著正相关,而日照时数与各年度成熟期病株率及病情指数均呈极显著负相关。以油菜盛花期花朵带菌率作为指标,可预测其田间成熟期病株率;以降雨量(x_2)、降雨天数(x_3)及日照时数(x_4)与各年度成熟期病株率(y_1)及病情指数(y_2)分别建立了预测模型y_1=15.47+0.07x_2+0.42x_3-0.03x_4和y_2=10.36+0.07x_2+0.38x_3-0.03x_4,其拟合度均最高,分别为99.07%和98.43%,可作为油菜成熟期茎秆发病株率及病情指数的预测模型。表明油菜菌核病菌源量和气候因子是影响病害发生流行的关键因子。