禽腺病毒血清4型贵州株全基因序列分析

为了解禽腺病毒血清4型(FAdV-4)地方流行毒株的分子进化情况,基于实验室分离的2株FAdV-4贵州株GZ-BJ株和GZ-QL株,分别对2株FAdV-4毒株进行PCR分段扩增,扩增产物克隆至载体,提取质粒进行PCR和双酶切鉴定后筛选出重组质粒进行测序,将测序结果依次拼接得到病毒的全基因组,获得FAdV-4贵州株的全基因序列,并对其进行序列和遗传进化分析。结果显示,通过PCR分段扩增成功获得了2株FAdV-4贵州株(GZ-BJ株和GZ-QL株)的全基因序列,长度分别为43352、43723 bp,FAdV-4 GZ-BJ株全基因序列长度比FAdV-4 GZ-QL株短371 bp,少6个ORF(22K、putative 9.1 ku、u-exon、ORF17、ORF28、ORF42),二者的氨基酸同源性为57.1%。2株FAdV-4贵州株同国内外不同地区FAdV-4毒株核苷酸同源性在88.7%~100%,与FAdV-4经典毒株ON1比对,2株FAdV-4贵州株和国内FAdV-4分离株均缺失ORF19、ORF27、ORF30。系统进化树分析显示,2株FAdV-4贵州株GZ-BJ株和GZ-QL株仍属于Ⅰ群C种FAdV。研究结果表明,2株贵州株FAdV-4 GZ-BJ株和FAdV-4 GZ-QL株较国内外FAdV-4毒株均存在进化与突变,且FAdV-4 GZ-BJ株变化较大,但尚未改变其血清型,这为探索FAdV-4致病机理的分子机制研究提供依据。     

胶冻样类芽孢杆菌对不同施肥处理的马铃薯产量和品质的影响

以‘克新1号’马铃薯为试验材料,试验设置低、中、高3个施肥量处理,在复合肥和有机肥的基础上,每个处理中固体胶冻样类芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂设置4个不同的梯度处理,在马铃薯块茎膨大期冲施定量的液体胶冻样类芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂,探究增施胶冻样类芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂对马铃薯生长指标、产量、品质及经济效益等的影响,旨在找出适合蒲县当地的科学施肥方法,为其马铃薯的高产优质生产提供理论和生产实践依据。结果表明,适量增施微生物菌剂有利于提高马铃薯产量、品质和经济效益等指标,但高浓度的微生物菌剂却抑制马铃薯的生长,在本试验中以低肥量处理下的T2组效果最佳,其株高、出苗率、维生素C含量、产量及净利润比常规施肥组分别提高了6.83%、5.31%、92.11%、27.0%和16.94%,还原糖含量降低了18.42%,是高产优质马铃薯的科学施肥配方及标准化生产技术方案。     

普通钢架大棚甜瓜嫁接砧木品种筛选试验

在普通钢架大棚内,以实生苗为对照,对引进的5个甜瓜砧木品种进行甜瓜嫁接比较试验。试验结果表明,5个砧木品种嫁接苗成活率均在90%以上,其植株和瓜的生长特性、产量和品质均没有显著差异,与实生苗之间亦无显著差异,综合性状表现较好的砧木品种为日本青秀和亮丽王。     

广东省湛江市2004-2013年麻疹流行病学特征及消除麻疹措施的分析

目的分析广东省湛江市2004-2013年麻疹流行病学特征及预防控制措施,为消除麻疹采取针对性措施提供依据。方法对麻疹发病及采取的预防控制措施进行描述性流行病学分析。结果收集该市2004-2013年麻疹发病共3 552例,发病率为0.06~15.34/10万,2006、2008年曾出现2次麻疹流行高峰,发病率分别为10.72/10万、15.34/10万,2008~2010年采取麻疹查漏补种、强化免疫等控制措施,2011年报告发病率降至0.06/10万,但2013年再次出现流行高峰,报告发病率达13.22/10万。总体仍呈以小年龄组人群发病为主,<15岁病例占总病例数的88.18%,以0岁组发病率最高。结论麻疹常规免疫接种率和首针及时接种率偏低,是麻疹高发的主要原因;提高适龄儿童麻疹接种率,落实入托入学查验预防接种证工作,控制医院内感染,适时开展含麻疹成分疫苗补充免疫工作,是控制、消除麻疹的有效手段。     

生物质液化油分级产物的分离和综合利用研究

以浓硫酸为催化剂,采用甲醇-甘油复合溶剂,在高温高压的条件下对竹屑、杨木、桉木和松木进行液化,并且对液化产物进行了中和、过滤和旋转蒸发等一系列分级处理,并对液化固体残渣和气体产物进行分析。主要研究了以竹屑为原料的液化油的分级产物的组成及成分,研究结果表明:竹屑经甲醇-甘油液化,产物经过分级处理得到的主要产物为杂多酚、多糖苷和乙酰丙酸甲酯。多糖苷相主要含有多糖苷和未反应的甘油及其甘油聚合物,其中多糖苷主要为六元环吡喃糖苷,约占41.81%,甘油及其聚合物占47.27%;杂多酚相主要含有乙酰丙酸酯、杂多酚和甘油等化合物,其中甘油及其聚合物占38.04%,杂多酚相物质为难溶于水的焦油相的相对分子质量大的物质,约占杂多酚相的38.41%,并且杂多酚相的相对分子质量主要集中在990左右。     

海口地区平原型热带高尔夫园林造景技法探析

采用实地调查与文献研究相结合、定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法,对海口地区3个平原型热带高尔夫园林的空间布局、植物造景方法、景观元素搭配、人工植物群落进行了调查分析。结果表明:3个球场的空间布局和植物造景都略显单调,隔景和列植分别为其最主要的造景方式;景观元素的搭配形式则较丰富,热带植物及色叶植物的运用使其别具风格和魅力;人工植物群落方面则多以常见园林植物和外来入侵物种为主,缺乏乡土植物的运用和搭配,人工痕迹明显。     

薄型高密度纤维板生产设备的要求分析

对薄型中高密度纤维板生产设备的要求作了简要分析。

Abstract：

A brief analysis is made of the requirements for thin medium high density fiberboard product manufacturing equipment.     

南瓜银叶突变体48a的表型特征及其遗传学分析

南瓜银叶突变体48a是在嫩食型中国南瓜中分离筛选到的稳定遗传自交系,银色叶不仅可以作为标记性状应用到育种中,还可为南瓜抗虫、抗病、耐寒等一系列研究提供重要的材料基础。笔者对银叶突变体的表型特征及叶片的解剖结构进行鉴定分析,发现植株整体长势、熟性与野生型无明显差异;成熟叶片正面全部呈银灰色,叶绿素含量明显降低,叶片上表皮细胞与栅栏细胞间明显剥离,存在明显的空隙。利用突变体48a和野生型49a南瓜自交系构建的六世代遗传群体,调查发现F2的绿叶与银叶符合3∶1的分离比,回交群体BC1P1分离比符合1∶1,表明南瓜银色叶性状由单隐性基因控制。     

快速灵敏的甘蔗线条花叶病毒免疫学检测体系的建立

 甘蔗花叶病广泛存在于我国甘蔗种植区,严重影响甘蔗产业的高质量发展。近年来甘蔗线条花叶病毒在蔗区肆虐,尽管针对其的血清学检测技术已经建立,但是快速、准确、高通量的检测方法亟待发掘。本研究制备了^SCSMVCP的抗血清,特异性高,与引起甘蔗花叶病的另两种病原 (高粱花叶病毒和甘蔗花叶病毒) 间没有血清学交叉反应。基于该多克隆抗体,建立了直接抗原包被的ELISA、斑点杂交、Western blot和基于多抗的免疫试纸条检测技术。开发的免疫试纸条检测技术能快速、准确、高通量应用于田间病毒鉴定。本文提供了基于血清学的快速、准确、高通量,且便捷的甘蔗线条花叶病毒检测技术,有助于我国蔗区甘蔗花叶病的监测与防控。     

Effects of Jiedu-Qingfei mixture on NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways in lung tissues of rats with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of Jiedu-Qingfei mixture on Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-infected rat lung tissues and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: SD rats (n=40) were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank control group, model group, Jiedu-Qingfei group and positive control group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in experimental groups were slowly dripped with 1×10⁹ CFU/L MP solution into their nostrils for 4 d. One rat in each group was sacrificed for MP nucleic acid detection at the second day after inoculation, and the other rats were given gavage therapy. The rats in blank control group and model group were intragastrically given the same volume of normal saline, the rats in Jiedu-Qingfei group were given 8 mL/kg Jiedu-Qingfei mixture daily for 4 weeks, and the rats in psoitive control group were given dexmethasone sodium phosphate (0.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1). After the experiment, the rats were killed. The serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for detecting the levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-13 and TNF-α by ELISA. The right lung tissues were used for pathological observation and HE staining, while the left lung tissues were used to detect the expression of NF-κB p50, I-κBα and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) at mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS: The results of MP nucleic acid detection showed that all the rats except blank control group were MP nucleic acid positive, indicating that the rat model of MP infection was successfully established. On the 1st day of the treatment, the pathological scores of the lung tissues in model group and Jiedu-Qingfei group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the pathological scores of the lung tissues in mo-del group were significantly higher than those in blank control group and Jiedu-Qingfei group. The levels of IL-12 in the serum and BALF in model group were significantly lower than those in blank control group after MP infection (P<0.05), while those after treatment with Jiedu-Qingfei mixture were significantly higher than those in model group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-13 and TNF-α in the serum and BALF of MP-infected rats were increased significantly, while those after treatment with Jiedu-Qingfei mixture were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK in model group were increased significantly (P<0.01). After treatment, the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK were decreased significantly compared with model group (P<0.01). The mRNA expression level of I-κBα in model group was significantly lower than that in control group. After treatment, the mRNA expression of I-κBα in Jiedu-Qingfei group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.05). The protein levels of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK in the lung tissues of model group were significantly higher than those of blank control group. After treatment, the protein expression of NF-κB p50 and p38 MAPK was decreased significantly. The protein level of I-κBα in model group was significantly lower than that in blank control group, and after treatment with Jiedu-Qingfei mixture, the protein expression level of I-κBα was increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Jiedu-Qingfei mixture may attenuate lung tissue inflammation caused by MP through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways.