上黄村草地生态系统能流和物流的初步研究

上黄村草地土壤生态系统能量投入主要是动力投入,无营养物质投入。人工草地能量产出占总能量产出的50％以上,而面积仅占总面积的20％～52％；草地能量投入具有起伏性,产出具有波动性。草地土壤生态系统营养物质移出是草地土壤肥力退化的根本原因,无营养物质投入的人工草地更加剧了营养物质的迁出及土壤肥力的退化。     

菌根与植被恢复

菌根不仅可促进植物的营养吸收、生长发育、抗病、抗逆,而且在保持良好的土壤结构、控制水土流失方面具有直接的作用。在我国西北许多地区,菌根菌与植物间的共生关系已被中断,要恢复该地区的植被,治本的方法应是重建植物与菌根菌的共生关系,形成健康的生态系统。文中还提出了菌根技术在植被恢复中的应用策略。     

乌梁素海生态恢复机理与工程技术的研究

在我国干旱区典型草型湖泊—乌梁素海设立试验基地 ,进行生态恢复工程试验研究。研究表明 :乌梁素海受富营养化影响 ,正在向芦苇沼泽—碱蓬盐化草甸—白刺荒漠方向演化。生态恢复机理是 :( 1 )减少大型水生植物有机氮、磷向底质的沉降 ,削弱内源性营养物负荷的积累与储备 ;( 2 )减少大型水生植物死亡后矿化成氨态氮 ;( 3)控制底质中有机氮向水体释放生成氨态氮。采用机械化方式收割大型水生植物转移营养盐 ,抑制生物促淤效应以及对芦苇区进行园田化生态管理是乌梁素海生态恢复的关键技术 ,也是乌梁素海环境与资源持续发展的核心问题     

山东烟区烟青虫和烟蚜及其天敌的发生动态

在山东烟区 ,烟蚜主要发生于 5月下旬至 6月上旬 ,烟青虫种群数量在 6月中旬至下旬较高。捕食性天敌主要有瓢虫、草蛉、食虫蝽、隐翅虫和蜘蛛 ,但是发生数量低、数量高峰明显滞后于害虫数量高峰。优势寄生性天敌有寄生于烟蚜的烟蚜茧蜂和寄生于烟青虫幼虫的棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂及中华卵索线虫。烟蚜茧蜂和烟蚜种群数量之间具有显著的相关 ,5月底到 6月中旬益害比大于或接近 1 ;齿唇姬蜂对烟青虫 1～ 3龄幼虫的寄生率 6月份为 74 0 % ,7月份为 4 9 8% ;中华卵索线虫仅发生于 7月中旬 ,对 3龄以上烟青虫幼虫的寄生率为 35 2 %。     

细胞骨架解聚药物对小麦与叶锈菌互作诱发的细胞过敏性反应的影响

 小麦(Triticum aestivum)品种洛夫林10和叶锈菌小种366组成不亲和组合,小麦叶片发生过敏性坏死反应(HR)是小麦抵抗叶锈菌侵染的重要因素。在接种前给小麦叶片分别预注射微管解聚药物磺草硝(oryzalin)和微丝解聚药物细胞松弛素D (cytochalasin D,CD),结果表明2种药物注射使得寄主因叶锈菌侵染诱导的细胞过敏性坏死数目明显减少,并且注射药物的浓度越大,寄主细胞发生HR的数量越少。说明肌动蛋白和微管蛋白的聚合状态是诱发小麦叶片发生HR防卫反应所必需的,细胞骨架在小麦抵抗叶锈菌侵染过程中可能起着重要作用。     

Effects of angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy on the activity of interleukin-1β converting enzyme in transplanted intracerebral rat gliomas

AIM: To investigate the activity of interleukin-1β converting enzyme in transplanted intracerebral rat gliomas under angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy. METHODS: The brain tumor model was produced in Wistar rats by stereotaxic inoculation of C6 glioma cells (1×10¹² /L). Tumor-bearing rats were treated with carmustine, teniposide and lisplatin (chemotherapy) during angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Then, the survival time of tumor-bearing rats, tumor blood flow, the concentration of drug, volume of gliomas and the activity of interleukin-1β converting enzyme in glioma were examined.RESULTS: The survival time of tumor-bearing rats was significantly longer in chemotherapy with angiotensin II-induced hypertension group than that of chemotherapy alone. In addition, regional tumor blood flow, the concentration of chemotherapeutic drug and the activity of interleukin -1β converting enzyme in transplanted rat gliomas were increased, while the volume of gliomas was decreased in hypertention chemotherapy group compared with chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy with angiotensin II-induced hypertension has a enhancing effect on chemotherapy for improving the drug delivery to tumor tissue by a increased tumor blood flow and enhancing activity of interleukin -1β converting enzyme.     

松毛虫CPV、B.t.林间防治第一代马尾松毛虫试验初报

用松毛虫CPV和B.t.进行喷雾防治马尾松毛虫试验，试验表阴：药后18d两种生物药剂的防治效果均在70%以上，B.t.达86．98％，CPV与B.t.的混合使用防效达85．04％。     

菜豆普通花叶病毒长豇豆分离物外壳蛋白基因的序列分析及原核表达

 根据普通生物学和血清学特性,长豇豆病毒病的病原被鉴定为黑眼豇豆花叶病毒(Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus,Bl CMV)、豇豆蚜传花叶病毒(Cowpea aphidborne mosaic virus,CABMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumbermosaic virus,CMV)。     

中国苜蓿繁育概述

回顾了建国以来国内苜蓿的育种发展状况,进行了苜蓿的种质评价与筛选,地方品种的系统化,育成了抗寒新品种草原1号、草原2号,抗病品种中兰一号,耐盐品种中苜一号,耐牧根蘖品种公农3号、中图3号、中图4号,高产的公农1号等。提出了在我国苜蓿育种方法上,杂交育种与基本育种方法在当代育种中将继续存在,生物技术在育种中的应用将加快育种进程;指出了我国苜蓿育种存在的问题是育种体系不健全,育种手段方法落后,抗性育种缓慢,对引入品种缺少理论与实践的鉴定、评价,国内育成品种少,高层知识力量薄弱等。     

Cortical gene expression pattern in rat focal cerebral ischemia

AIM: To investigate the genes differential expression in cortex during rat focal cerebral ischemia.METHODS: cDNA microarray chips containing numerous cDNAs were used to investigate the gene expression pattern between samples of focal cerebral ischemia and sham-control operation rats. RESULTS: Two hundred and eleven genes differentially expressed were screened out, among these genes, up-and down-regulated genes were 199 and 12, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of gene expression pattern of focal cerebral ischemia based on cDNA microarray can realize high-throughput screening of the genes associated with the focal cerebral ischemia. The differential expression of genes may be related to the pathogenesis of focal cerebral ischemic diseases.