增密减氮对弱筋小麦‘宁麦13’产量和品质的影响

为实现弱筋小麦优质稳产,解决当前弱筋小麦存在品质稳定性差的问题。本试验以弱筋小麦‘宁麦13’为试材,结合方差分析等方法研究增密减氮对弱筋小麦的产量、群体质量指标以及籽粒品质的影响。结果表明,在240 kg/hm²施氮水平条件下,随着密度的增加,小麦LAI、干物质积累量均呈先增加后下降的趋势,密度超过240×10⁴/hm²会导致LAI、干物质积累量、产量下降。在240×10⁴/hm²密度条件下,施氮量超过240 kg/hm²会导致小麦叶面积指数、SPAD值、花后干物质积累量和产量下降。适当的增密减氮有利于提高弱筋小麦的优质稳产,而过量增密减氮则会导致小麦产量下降,品质不稳定。为实现产量和品质的最优化,生产上推荐采用种植密度为240×10⁴/hm²,施氮量为180 kg/hm²,氮肥运筹为7:1:2:0的栽培模式。     

水稻两段栽培技术在浉河区生产上的应用成效

介绍了水稻两段栽培技术的原理和方法,以及信阳市浉河区推广水稻两段栽培技术在减肥控氮、节本增效等方面取得的主要成效和主要做法。     

我国蔬菜肥料利用率现状与提高对策

我国露地蔬菜种植和设施蔬菜种植养分用量均超过蔬菜生长所需,导致土壤次生盐渍化、肥料利用率低,增加了面源污染风险,在分析这些现状的基础上,对造成蔬菜种植中氮、磷、钾肥料利用率低下的原因进行了分析,如有机肥与化肥施用配比随意性强,搭配不合理;氮、磷、钾肥配施比例不合理;大量元素与中微量元素配合施用不合理;肥料总施用量过大;土壤自身的原因等。并提出了提高肥料利用率的测土与科学配方施肥、有机肥与无机肥合理配合施用、采用水肥一体化技术和土壤调理剂等措施,有望提高我国蔬菜肥料利用率,节约资源,防止面源污染,实现蔬菜生产的可持续绿色发展。     

Analysis of the independent-and interactive-photo-thermal effects on soybean flowering

Soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) is a typical short-day and warm season plant, and the interval between emergence and flowering has long been known to be regulated by environmental factors, primarily photoperiod and temperature. While the effects of photoperiod and temperature on soybean flowering have been extensively studied, a dissection of the component photo-thermal effects has not been documented for Chinese germplasm. Our objective of the current study was to evaluate the independent- and interactive-photo-thermal responses of 71 cultivars from 6 ecotypes spanning the soybean production regions in China. These cultivars were subjected in pot experiments to different temperature regimes by planting in spring(low temperature(LT)) and summer(high temperature(HT)), and integrating with short day(SD, 12 h), natural day(ND, variable day-length), and long day(LD, 16 h) treatments over two years. The duration of the vegetative phase from emergence to first bloom(R1) was recorded, and the photo-thermal response was calculated. The outcome of this characterization led to the following conclusions:(1) There were significant differences in photo-thermal response among the different ecotypes. High-latitude ecotypes were less sensitive to the independent- and interactive-photo-thermal effects than low-latitude ecotypes; and(2) there was an interaction between photoperiod and temperature, with the effect of photoperiod on thermal sensitivity being greater under the LD than the SD condition, and with the effect of temperature on photoperiodic sensitivity being greater under the LT than the HT condition. The strengths and limitations of this study are discussed in terms of implications for current knowledge and future research directions. The study provides better understanding of photo-thermal effects on flowering in soybean genotypes from different ecotypes throughout China and of the implications for their adaptation more broadly.     

Analysis on Target Genes with Mutation in microRNA of Blue-shelled Chicken and White Leghorn

The study was conducted to explore the potential different characters between Blue-shelled chicken and White leghorn.Global genome microRNA was combined the identified microRNA with complementary lab-predicted microRNA.Then the two breed chicken's SNP data got by GGRS were mapped to the microRNA and focused on SNP that deliberately located in mature-microRNA.Bioinformatics method was adopted for target prediction on microRNA which had SNPs.By further gene enrichment analysis,the study found these genes enriched in 22 GO terms,10 KEGG pathways,and 3 IPA important networks.And they enriched in traits which associated with growth,such as mTOR signaling pathways,Wnt signaling pathways,growth hormone receptor networks and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ receptor networks.And they also enriched in some laying traits,such as oocyte meiotic signaling pathways and progesterone mature oocytes signaling pathways.The methods and the results might provide references for further studies.     

河北省塞罕坝机械林场改革发展调研报告

塞罕坝机械林场建场52年来完成了4项历史任务,为京津地区筑起了一道绿色生态屏障,成为京津重要生态区。林场通过内部体制改革,引入竞争机制,实行场长任期目标管理责任制,全面推行绩效工资制度、目标承诺制度和领导包保森林防火风险抵押金制度,着力培育新的产业经济增长点,各项事业健康发展,生态建设取得辉煌成就。但林场发展面临定位不清、体制不顺、生产生活等基础设施相对滞后、社会保障制度不健全等问题。对策:从根本上解决体制问题,明确定位,分类经营,完善社会保障,促进林场稳定与发展。     

云南木薯长茎直插栽培试验初报

以木薯品种华南205和新选048的成熟种茎为材料，采用直插的种植方式，设置4个种茎种植长度处理（20 cm、30 cm、40 cm、50 cm），研究不同种茎长度对木薯各项田间农艺性状的影响。结果表明：就综合出苗率、株高、茎粗、地上部分重、鲜薯条数以及鲜薯产量等各项指标而言，30 cm的种茎种植长度处理具有明显的比较优势。本研究结果将为华南205和新选048在云南木薯生产中的推广提供理论支撑和技术参考。     

基于熵算法的股票指数高频数据复杂度测算与评价

在日内高频环境下检验基于兼容法的柯尔莫哥洛夫熵、样本熵和模糊熵等复杂度测算方法对我国沪深300股票指数的测算效率，并运用筛选后的有效算法分阶段研究和比较了序列复杂度的变化过程与变化幅度.结果表明，模糊熵算法是一种更适用于我国沪深300股票指数的有效复杂度测算方法，其对相似容忍度的敏感性更低，测度值连续性更好.随时间推移，我国沪深300股票指数复杂度整体呈上升趋势,而相较于发达市场甚至周边新兴市场其复杂度偏低.