新型莫西菌素浇泼剂对羊蜱蝇和消化道线虫驱虫药效评价

试验旨在通过新型莫西菌素（moxidectin,MOX）浇泼剂对羊的驱虫试验,评价MOX浇泼剂对羊蜱蝇和消化道线虫的临床药效。将150只阿勒泰羊经产母羊随机分为6组,每组25只,分别为不用药对照组、螨净药浴组、MOX注射组和MOX低（0.05 mL/（kg·BW））、中（0.1 mL/（kg·BW））和高（0.2 mL/（kg·BW））剂量浇泼组,试验期为1周。试验第1天按前述分组中方法和剂量驱虫1次。观察受试动物临床表现,测定给药前1天和给药后第7天体温、脉搏和呼吸（TPR）,血液生理、生化和尿常规指标;测定羊蜱蝇减虫率、治愈率。采取粪样测定消化道线虫每克粪中虫卵个数（EPG）减少率及转阴率。结果显示,与不用药对照组相比,给药后第7天各驱虫组TPR、血液生理、生化及尿常规指标均无显著差异（P>0.05）。螨净药浴组羊蜱蝇减虫率为43.7%,而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组均为100%。螨净药浴组治愈率为13.0%,而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组均为100%;与不用药对照组相比,螨净药浴组消化道线虫卵减少率为0,而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组分别为91.6%、93.1%、94.9%和97.8%。螨净药浴组虫卵转阴率为0,而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组分别为77.0%、69.2%、69.2%和84.6%。本试验结果表明,新型MOX浇泼剂对体外寄生虫和消化道线虫均有显著疗效,且优于螨净药浴,与MOX注射剂等效。实践应用中最适MOX浇泼剂量推荐为0.05 mL/（kg·BW）（即0.25 mg/（kg·BW））。     

免耕播种机试验与应用研究

主要论述了保护性耕作关键装备—2BM-9型免耕播种机的技术参数与工作原理,论述了其性能试验、可靠性试验及应用效果。通过性能试验与生产考核表明:该机各项指标均达到了设计要求,使用可靠性大于98%,调整使用方便性大于97%。经测试与调查统计知:该机对作物留茬地提高土壤含水率6%～9%,减少农田风蚀50%～80%,提高土壤有机质含量0.04%～0.08%,增加农民收入10%～15%。经过4年的推广应用,取得了良好的经济社会生态效益,对促进保护性耕作技术的实施有着重要的作用。     

物性分析仪测定鸭梨质构条件的优化

以鸭梨果实为试材,采用物性分析仪TPA模式在不同压缩速度和目标形变量下,测定鸭梨果实的质地参数,以优化TPA模式评价的测定条件。结果表明:在TPA测定过程中,目标形变量对硬度、内聚性、弹性、粘附性、胶着性、恢复性、断裂性和咀嚼性等8个TPA参数的影响极显著(P≤0.01);而压缩速度对硬度和胶着性性影响显著(P≤0.05),对断裂性极显著(P≤0.01),对其它5个TPA参数影响不显著。选用1.0mm·s-1的压缩速度和20%的目标形变量作为鸭梨果实TPA模式下的测定条件,能够客观地反映鸭梨果肉组织的质地特征。     

黑皮冬瓜嫁接砧木的筛选与鉴定

挑选南瓜砧、蒲瓜砧和葫芦砧共10个品种,以佛山市三水黑皮冬瓜为接穗,采用斜顶插接法嫁接,露地栽培管理,比较其产量和农艺性状。试验结果表明,DZ-01冬瓜砧、京欣砧三号和强势作为三水黑皮冬瓜的嫁接砧木,可有效降低枯萎病发病率,增产10%以上,商品性状得到明显改善,商品品质差异不显著,推广应用性强。     

不同基因型大麦苗期对干旱胁迫的响应及HvPIPs基因表达特征分析

为研究不同基因型大麦苗期对干旱胁迫的响应,挖掘优质抗旱的大麦种质资源,以4份不同基因型大麦(2个高抗品种ZDM5430和ZDM5458,2个干旱敏感型品种7DCADA和IL-12)为材料,利用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱条件,综合分析不同品种大麦的苗期抗旱性差异;并通过对不同品种根系进行PIPs实时定量分析,研究水通道蛋白AQPs基因与干旱胁迫之间的应答关系。结果表明,持续干旱胁迫会使大麦生长变缓,各处理苗长、根长、叶含水量和根含水量都呈下降趋势,其中,4个品种的大麦叶含水量在干旱胁迫14 d时下降最为显著,与对照相比,其降幅分别为29.14%、52.64%、21.67%和72.15%。干旱胁迫对大麦苗期干物质积累量和根冠比的影响较小,各处理间差异不显著;但持续干旱后,抗旱品种ZDM5430的根冠比呈上升趋势,在胁迫7、14、21 d时较CK分别增加了4.92%、42.86%和21.05%。随着胁迫时间的延长,大麦旗叶叶绿素含量和根系活力也呈下降趋势,其中ZDM5430和ZDM5458较对照组降幅较小,说明抗旱品种的形态指标、叶绿素含量及根系活力受干旱胁迫的影响较小。通过PIP...     

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of 440 t/h Steam-cooled Cyclone Separator for CFB Boiler

A dynamic mathematical model of the steam-cooled cyclone separator in a 440 t/h CFB boiler has been established.Based on the mathematical model,simulation model of the cyclone separator is created with the advanced continuous simulation language(ACSL).The validity of this model has been verified by the simulation experiments and analysis.This model can provide a theoretical guidance for operation and optimal design of the cyclone separator.     

杨梅叶枯病菌（Phomopsis myricina）生物学特性研究

杨梅叶枯病菌（Phomopsis myricina）生物学特性研究结果表明：该菌菌丝生长与分生孢子器形成最佳培养基为PSA+1‰酵母膏和PDA+1‰酵母膏。病菌能有效地利用多种碳源和氮源，但谷氨酸和精氨酸对病菌生长发育有抑制作用。菌丝生长和分生孢子器形成最适温度为20~25℃；最适pH值分别为6~8和7~9。紫外光处理有利于产孢。分生孢子萌发最适温度为20~30℃；最适pH值7~9；在相对湿度98%以上和水滴中孢子萌发率最高；不同营养对孢子萌发无显著影响。     

粮食生产的机械化问题

粮食牛产机械化是生产力发展的一个重要方而，也是一种必然趋势。机械化生产手段可以提高粮食产量，确保粮食生产持续发展，提高粮食生产效率和经济效益。粮食生产机械化不仅是农业技术变迁的一种自然发展过程，而且与制度变迁密切相关、互相促进。在粮食生产机械化中，有很多现实问题需要解决。     

Effects of arrangement of surge-rootirrigation emitters on growth,yield andwater use efficiency of apple trees

Six-year old apple trees were selected for field experiment. The objective of this study was to obtain the reasonable arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters in apple orchards. There were three factors: the buried depth H( 25,40,55 cm),the horizontal distance L( 30,40,60 cm) between the emitters and the trunk of the experimental tree,and the number of the irrigation emitters N( 1,2,4). The effect of the arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters on the growth,yield and irrigation water use efficiency( IWUE) of apple trees were studied in Northern Shaanxi where the irrigation quota takes 60%-75% of the field water capacity. The results showed that the arrangement of emitters for surge-root irrigation had a significant effect on apple tree yield and IWUE,especially,the yield and IWUE reached 28 388. 17 kg/hm2 and 16. 83 kg/m3 in treatment T3,respectively. At the same L and N levels( T1,T2,and T3),the yield and IWUE in treatment T3 were the highest,and the yields in treatments T1 and T2 were decreased by 26.22% and 31.48%,while IWUE is reduced by14.02% and 18.12% compared with T3,respectively. At the same H and N levels( T3,T4,and T5),the yield and IWUE of apple trees were decreased with increasing L level. Especially,when L was 30 cm( T3),the yield and IWUE were the highest. The same L and H levels( T3,T6,and T7) could promote the growth of apple trees when N was 2( T3). Compared with treatment T3,it was found that the increment of new shoots was decreased by 8.07%-18.71%,and the fruit diameter was decreased by 5.41%-9.11%. Therefore,two emitters should be arranged symmetrically on both sides of an apple tree,each was buried at a 40 cm depth and 30 cm away from the trunk of the tree to effectively improve the yield and IWUE of the apple tree in mountainous areas in Northern Shaanxi.     

滑动轴承在农业机械中的使用与维护

轴承主要用来支承轴及轴上零件,并保持轴的旋转精度和减少转轴与支承之间的摩擦和磨损.为此,探讨了滑动轴承的工作原理、常见故障类型及采取的防范措施,针对故障原因对滑动轴承进行日常维护,为推动轴承在农业机械中的合理使用和维护提供参考依据.