日粮添加阿拉伯木聚糖酶对仔猪血液生化指标和生长性能的影响

探索阿拉伯木聚糖酶对日粮中非淀粉多糖的作用效果。试验选取16头平均体重(7.74±1.03)kg的28日龄长×大断奶仔猪,分为基础日粮(对照日粮组)和基础日粮+1.0 g/kg阿拉伯木聚糖酶(试验日粮组),分别在试验第12 d、第24 d测定各组内脏器官重量、血液生化指标。试验结果表明,在试验第24 d试验日粮组日增重明显高于对照日粮组,且有显著性差异(P<0.05);在不同的试验时期,试验日粮组对内脏器官绝对重量的影响较大,对相对重量的影响较小,对脾脏的影响无显著性差异(P>0.05);在不同试验时间,两组的血清IgGI、gM、肌酐、血糖、血氨、甘油三酯、总蛋白的含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05),第24 d试验日粮组低密度脂蛋白含量均高于其他各组,且有显著性差异(P<0.05),对照日粮组低密度脂蛋白含量高于第12 d,且有显著性差异(P<0.05),试验日粮组血清尿素氮含量明显低于对照组,且在试验第12 d、第24 d时两组间均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。日粮添加阿拉伯木聚糖酶能提高断奶仔猪日增重,从而影响仔猪生长性能和相关血液生化指标。     

疫苗免疫及抗体注射预防雏鹅小鹅瘟效果比较

为更好地控制小鹅瘟的发生,探究疫苗免疫及抗体注射对雏鹅小鹅瘟的预防效果。将200只1日龄试验鹅随机分成4组,其中A组为疫苗组,B组为卵黄抗体+疫苗组,C组为卵黄抗体组,D组为对照组。对试验鹅分别于1日龄、7日龄进行注射,并在首免后第7、14、21及28天检测小鹅瘟抗体。结果显示:在第7天,B组和C组的免疫抗体平均效价均高于A组;在第14天,B组抗体平均效价出现明显下降,均低于A组和C组。在第21～28天,A组和B组均保持较高的抗体水平,而C组抗体效价下降较快。结果提示,在没有母源抗体保护的情况下,对于雏鹅小鹅瘟多发高发的地区和场群,建议1日龄、7日龄均注射卵黄抗体加以预防;对于雏鹅发病日龄明显增加,超过20日龄仍有发病的地区和场群,建议1日龄、7日龄均免疫小鹅瘟疫苗加以防控。     

罗布麻多糖成分体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:探究罗布麻多糖体外抗氧化的活性作用。方法:用维生素C作为阳性对照组,考察罗布麻多糖对羟自由基的清除作用、还原能力、对H_2O_2所致的红细胞氧化溶血和H_2O_2诱导肝匀浆脂质过氧化的影响,评价罗布麻多糖成分的体外抗氧化活性。结果:罗布麻多糖有较强的清除羟自由基的能力,且清除作用优于维生素C;还原能力呈一定的线性关系,在罗布麻多糖溶液的质量浓度达到1.2 mg/mL时,其还原能力与维生素C相当;对H_2O_2所致的红细胞氧化溶血有抑制作用,但抑制作用较弱;对H_2O_2诱导肝匀浆脂质过氧化有一定的抑制作用,但抑制作用不如维生素C。结论:罗布麻多糖具有良好的体外抗氧化活性,可以很好地清除自由基和抑制超氧化物,可以作为一种天然抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂。     

农作物打顶机夹持打顶机构的设计与试验

目前,我国烟草、棉花打顶主要依靠人工,存在劳动强度大和效率低的缺点;现有的机械打顶主要采取割刀向前滚动切割的方式,存在打顶不精确、烟花无法收集等弊端。针对这些问题,设计了一种夹持打顶机构,主要由左右扶禾器、夹持皮带、浮动张紧轮、浮动张紧轮摆动铰链、切割刀、弹簧、直流夹持电机和割刀电机组成。该机构可实现烟芽的收拢、夹持切割、割刀消毒及抑芽剂喷施等作业,具有结构紧凑、功能齐全的优点。同时,通过烟草茎秆切割力学特性试验,得出剪切规律,为烟草打顶切割力的研究提供了试验依据。田间试验结果表明:该机构打顶准确率为97%,夹持准确率为98%,能够满足使用要求。     

食品中单增李斯特菌检测技术研究进展

单增李斯特菌是一种重要的人畜共患食源性致病菌,如何有效控制食品(尤其是即食食品)中的单增李斯特菌,是食品安全的重要任务,其中快速、准确的检测技术是关键因素之一.作者对单增李斯特菌的传统检测法、免疫学检测法和分子生物学检测法进行综述,并对目前国内单增李斯特菌检测过程中所存在的问题进行探讨,以期为今后的研究提供参考.     

Effect of dietary Moringa stem meal level on growth performance,slaughter performance and serum biochemical parameters in geese

Moringa stem meal (MSM) with a high level of crude fibre (CF) might be developed and utilized in herbivorous geese as an unconventional feedstuff. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the MSM level in the diet on the growth performance, slaughter performance, breast meat quality and serum biochemical parameters in geese from 22 to 70 days of age. A one-factor completely randomized design was adopted in our study. A total of one thousand eight 21-day-old geese were randomly divided into six groups, with six replicates per group and 28 birds per replicate. The geese were fed diets containing MSM levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 g/kg during day 22–70. The dietary MSM level had no effect (p > .05) on the final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) or average daily feed intake (ADFI). The feed/gain ratio (F/G) increased linearly (p < .001) as the dietary MSM level increased. No differences (p > .05) were observed in the slaughter performance, meat quality and the relative organ weight (except for thymus) of the geese (p > .05). The relative weight of the thymus in the geese fed diets with supplementation of MSM was higher than that in the non-supplemented MSM control group (p < .05). In addition, 100 g MSM/kg of diet decreased the serum glucose (GLU) level (p < .05) and increased the alanine transaminase (ALT) enzyme activity (p = .03). Dietary MSM levels of no more than 60 g/kg had no effects on the growth performance and slaughter performance, whereas diets with 100 g MSM/kg increased the F/G and serum ALT enzyme activity, as well as decreasing the serum GLU level. Therefore, MSM provided at a reasonable level could be developed as an unconventional feedstuff for geese at the finisher period.     

Comparison of susceptibility of various fish species to experimental infection with channel catfish virus

Channel catfish virus (CCV) disease is an acute haemorrhagic disease in juvenile channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ). To date channel catfish is the only species affected by natural outbreaks of the CCV but juvenile large mouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) and silurus ( Silurus meriaionalis ) have suffered high mortalities in recent years in China. Histopathological phenomenon of sick fish is similar to CCV disease, and the identified virus was CCV. In this report, the pathogenicity of infectious CCV was examined by infection trials on the first known host species, the channel catfish and other teleosts. Our results indicated that there were higher detection rates of CCV from large mouth bass and silurus fish. Channel catfish virus did not induce mortality in other cypriniformes, but histopathological studies revealed that carp might be infected by both bathing and intraperitoneal infection. No deaths, clinical or histopathological signs, were found in the six other species exposed by immersion or injection. Experimental infection studies confirm that CCV infect not only channel catfish but also other species (large mouth bass, silutus and carp). The outbreaks of CCV disease only occurred when the cultured temperature was above 25 °C.     

System Design for Leather Cavity XCT

This paper introduces a method of solving the problem of leather cavity measurement in shoe CAD/CAM by industrial CT technology. Concentrating on peculiarity and requirement of leather cavity measurement, this paper presents a X-ray industrial CT system scheme, which not only satisfy the requirement of leather cavity measurement but also can achieve general industrial CT. measurement. The achievement on data collection system and motion control of stepping motor is emphasized.     

新疆机采棉加工工艺对棉花质量的影响

为了研究新疆机采棉加工工艺在清理杂质的同时对棉花品质的影响,围绕典型的新疆机采棉加工工艺,从4道籽棉清理前后、轧花前后、3道皮棉清理前后等环节取样、测试,探讨棉花品质指标(含杂率、上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数、断裂比强度)在新疆机采棉加工过程中的变化规律,分析含杂率与棉纤维上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数、断裂比强度之...     

草莓离体再生研究新进展

对草莓离体再生研究中的一些新进展作了介绍,从TDZ的高效利用、AgNO3、活性碳、重金属离子等附加物的作用、光对叶片再生的影响等方面进行了探讨,还对影响外植体器官发生的生理因子如活性氧和抗氧化酶与再生的关系进行了分析。当前存在的问题主要在于积累的技术要点多是经验性的,对再生机理知之较少,有必要对再生机理及遗传转化相关研究进行深入的、综合性的研究。