银杏古树不同产地和家系子代生长及叶片药用成分含量的差异

以4个产地24株银杏古树家系的实生苗为试材,采用单因素完全随机设计于云南同一立地条件下培育,研究不同产地及家系间子代的生长指标及叶片药用成分的差异。结果表明:苗龄0.6年时,不同产地间,平均叶面积、叶片数、叶片厚、地径和苗高分别为17.52~20.17cm2、5.6~8.4片·株-1、0.21~0.24mm,0.42~0.52cm和9.69~13.17cm,除叶片厚无显著差异(P0.05)外,其它指标间均具有显著或极显著差异(P0.05或P0.01);家系间,以上5个指标分别为11.12~27.41cm2、4.3~12.5片·株-1、0.15~0.29mm、0.29~0.56cm和6.18~13.65cm,家系间5个指标均呈极显著差异(P0.01)。同龄苗木的家系折干黄酮和内酯含量分别为1.49%~1.91%和0.48%~0.84%,24株家系中,黄酮和内酯含量相对较高的优良家系分别有8株和4株,二者含量较高的优良家系仅1株。银杏叶片内黄酮及内酯含量与生长指标间呈现未达显著水平的负相关。药用为主的银杏叶用人工原料林培育的良种选育应采用产地-家系-单株的联合选育模式。     

博落回提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究博落回提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及抗氧化指标的影响,选择120头35日龄的健康杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,按体重相近、性别比例相同原则随机分成2组,每组5个重复,每个重复12头猪,预饲期5 d,试验期30 d,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加0.1%博落回提取物的基础日粮。试验期间,测定每组仔猪的平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）及料重比（F/G）;在试验结束时,每个重复选取2头仔猪采血测定血清免疫指标及抗氧化指标。结果显示：①添加博落回提取物组断奶仔猪ADG较对照组提高3.89%（P>0.05）,F/G下降4.32%（P>0.05）,且腹泻率较对照组有显著降低的趋势（P=0.076）。②日粮中添加博落回提取物显著提高了断奶仔猪血清中免疫球蛋白G （IgG）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的含量（P<0.05）,血清IgA及IgM含量分别较对照组提高了4.59%和4.60%（P>0.05）。③日粮中添加博落回提取物可显著降低断奶仔猪血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量（P<0.05）,同时显著提高总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性（P<0.05）。综上所述,在日粮中添加0.1%博落回提取物可降低断奶仔猪腹泻率,并提高机体免疫力及抗氧化能力,且对断奶仔猪生长性能无不良影响。     

丁酸梭菌的功能性研究进展及其在畜禽生产中的应用

丁酸梭菌（Clostridium butyricum）又名丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌、酪酸梭菌,是一种产丁酸、乳酸和乙酸的厌氧异养的革兰氏阳性芽孢杆菌,具有耐高温、耐酸和耐多种抗生素等生物学特性。丁酸梭菌定植于畜禽肠道,可抑制肠道有害菌的生长,同时促进有益菌的增殖,有效提高畜禽对营养物质的消化吸收及其抵抗力,进而提高畜禽养殖经济效益。丁酸梭菌存在于土壤或健康动物的粪便中,具有绿色、无残留、安全性好,以及稳定性及耐药性强等特点,是一种具有广泛开发潜力的绿色添加剂。作者主要介绍了丁酸梭菌的特性,简述了其对畜禽肠道形态、肠道屏障、肠道菌群、免疫等方面的影响,回顾了近十年来丁酸梭菌在畜禽生产中的应用进展,并探讨了其在生产应用中的问题,以期为丁酸梭菌的进一步应用提供理论依据。     

Expression of miRNA-22 in ovarian cancer and effect of miRNA-22 over-expression on SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell proliferation,migration and invasion

AIM: To examine the expression of miRNA-22 in the ovarian tissues and the effect of miRNA-22 over-expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion in SKOV-3 cells. METHODS: The expression levels of miRNA-22 in different ovarian tissues and SKOV-3 cells were determined by qPCR. miRNA-22 was over-expressed by transfection of miRNA-22 mimic. The cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay. The cell migration was measured by wound healing test. The cell invasion was analyzed by Transwell assay. The protein expression levels of VEGF and P53 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the normal ovarian tissue, the expression level of miRNA-22 was remarkably decreased in the ovarian tumor tissues. After transfection with miRNA-22 mimic, the expression level of miRNA-22 in the SKOV-3 cells was significantly increased, while the cell viability, migration and invasion were obviously decreased. Moreover, the protein expression of VEGF and P53 was dramatically inhibited after over-expression of miRNA-22. CONCLUSION: The decreased miRNA-22 expression may be correlated with the development of ovarian can-cer. Over-expression of miRNA-22 decreases the cell viability, migration and invasion by reducing the protein expression of VEGF and P53.     

Effect of autophagy on necroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in subtotal nephrectomy rats

AIM: To explore whether autophagy is involved in the excessive death of renal tubular epithelial cells in subtotal nephrectomy(SNx) rats and the relationship between autophagy and necroptosis in the kidney of SNx rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control group(n=6) and SNx group(n=42). The rats in SNx group were subjected to SNx. Sham surgery was performed in the rats in control group. The rats in SNx group were divided into subgroups at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks(n=6) and the other rats in SNx group were divided into SNx+vehicle group, SNx+necrostatin-1(Nec-1) group and SNx+3-methyladenine(3-MA) group. The expression of RIP1, RIP3, LC3 and beclin-1 at mRNA and protein levels was measured at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The effects of Nec-1 or 3-MA on the protein expression of LC3-I, LC3-II and beclin-1, and production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the rat kidney were determined by Western blot and DCFH-DA staining. The death of renal tubular epithelial cells in the SNx rats was observed by TUNEL staining and electron microscopy. Finally, the effects of Nec-1 and 3-MA on blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(SCr) and the pathological changes of the renal tissues were analyzed. RESULTS: The highest mRNA and protein levels of RIP1, RIP3, LC3 and beclin-1 appeared at the 8th week after SNx(P<0.01). Compared with the rats in SNx+vehicle group, the protein over-expression of LC3-II/I and beclin-1, renal tubular epithelial cells with typical morphological features of necroptotic cell death and TUNEL-positive renal tubular cells were decreased in the SNx rats treated with Nec-1 and 3-MA(P<0.01), but 3-MA did not reduce the increased concentration of ROS. In addition, treatment with Nec-1 and 3-MA obviously reduced BUN, SCr(P<0.05), glomerulosclerosis index and tubulointerstitial injury score(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Autophagy participates in the excessive death of renal tubular epithelial cells in SNx rats. Inhibition of autograph prevents necroptotic cell death of renal tubular cells, and alleviates chronic renal injury in SNx rats.     

用原子荧光法检测家蚕体内硒的含量及其分布

硒对动物生殖发育、免疫系统具有重要功能,是动物必需微量元素。采用原子荧光法对不同系统家蚕体内硒的含量及其分布进行测定,结果显示:在喂食相同桑叶的情况下,不同系统家蚕品种幼虫体内的硒含量存在显著差异,5龄第4天的中系家蚕品种幼虫体内的硒含量明显高于日系家蚕品种,其中中系家蚕品种19-570体内的硒含量最高。对家蚕品种大造体内硒分布的研究结果表明:精巢中的硒含量明显高于其他组织,头部次之,脂肪体中的硒含量相对较低,由此推测硒在家蚕的生殖发育过程中可能发挥着重要作用。     

祁连山中部高山草甸土壤有机碳矿化及其影响因素研究

分析了室内培养土壤温湿度变化对祁连山海拔3500,3600,3700和3800 m处高寒草甸土壤有机碳矿化的影响。结果显示土壤有机碳累积矿化量及其比例为35℃下最高,土壤含水量为30%和40%下比10%和20%下高,0~15 cm土层比15~35 cm土层中高。土壤有机碳矿化速率及其占有机碳含量比例随培养时间延长而递减。土壤有机碳矿化速率及其比例为35℃下最高,土壤含水量为30%和40%下比10%和20%下高,0~15 cm土层比15~35 cm土层中高。一阶动态方程拟合土壤有机碳矿化动态效果较好。5℃下分解率系数和活性有机碳库较低。5℃升高到15℃,Q10为1~6,15℃升高到25℃,Q10为1~2。结果表明祁连山高寒草甸表层土壤有机碳分解受温湿度变化的影响较大。     

Seismic Load Tests on Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Sandwich Joints with High Shear Stress

Seven reinforced concrete Beam-Column sandwich joint specimens were tested under cyclic load. The performances of these specimens consisting of loads resistance, deflection, ductility, displacement, energy dissipation could satisfy the requirement of structures for seismic design. The phenomena that concrete in joint region was crushed by axial load or eccentric load were never observed,and final failure for a multitude of specimens occurred by shear force. Though a few of performances such as beam bar anchorage capacity were not as well as those of traditional joints ,it is feasible for sandwich joints used while establishing structures.     

南美蟛蜞菊改变资源分配应对CO2升高对其竞争力的负影响

大气二氧化碳(Carbon dioxide,CO2)浓度正随着人类活动向着前所未有的浓度积累.作为光合作用的重要底物,CO2的增加会对植物生长及竞争能力产生影响,因此,研究未来CO2浓度升高背景下植物竞争力的变化对预测未来全球变化背景下植物群落演替及外来植物入侵具有重要意义.本研究以人工气候培养箱控制CO2浓度,探究了...     

微波技术对大豆蛋白功能特性的影响

研究了微波辐照对大豆功能蛋白（FSP）溶解性、乳化性与起泡性的影响。结果表明，微波辐照能改善FSP溶解度、乳化活性、起泡能力与泡沫稳定性。试验中FSP溶解度可提高343．7％，乳化活性可提高2392．7％，起泡能力可提高196．9％，泡沫稳定性可提高82．76％。