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941.
Generation of cDNA probes directed by amino acid sequence: cloning of urate oxidase 总被引:58,自引:0,他引:58
C C Lee X W Wu R A Gibbs R G Cook D M Muzny C T Caskey 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,239(4845):1288-1291
Urate oxidase (E.C. 1.7.3.3) catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin in most mammals except humans and certain primates. The amino-terminal amino acid sequence for porcine urate oxidase was determined and used in a novel procedure for generating complementary DNA (cDNA) probes to this amino acid sequence. The procedure is based on the polymerase chain reaction and utilizes mixed oligonucleotide primers complementary to the reverse translation products of an amino acid sequence. This rapid and simple cDNA cloning procedure is generally applicable and requires only a partial amino acid sequence. A cDNA probe developed by this procedure was used to isolate a full-length porcine urate oxidase cDNA and to demonstrate the presence of homologous genomic sequences in humans. 相似文献
942.
943.
Lipoprotein patterns in acrylamide gel electrophoresis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lipoproteins of serum stained before electrophoresis gave distinct patterns in acrylamide gel of 3-percent concentration. Samples compared in parallel on gel slabs showed qualitative differences in migration rates of beta-lipoprotein bands. 相似文献
944.
Fritz DM Reis DA Adams B Akre RA Arthur J Blome C Bucksbaum PH Cavalieri AL Engemann S Fahy S Falcone RW Fuoss PH Gaffney KJ George MJ Hajdu J Hertlein MP Hillyard PB Horn-von Hoegen M Kammler M Kaspar J Kienberger R Krejcik P Lee SH Lindenberg AM McFarland B Meyer D Montagne T Murray ED Nelson AJ Nicoul M Pahl R Rudati J Schlarb H Siddons DP Sokolowski-Tinten K Tschentscher T von der Linde D Hastings JB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5812):633-636
Intense femtosecond laser excitation can produce transient states of matter that would otherwise be inaccessible to laboratory investigation. At high excitation densities, the interatomic forces that bind solids and determine many of their properties can be substantially altered. Here, we present the detailed mapping of the carrier density-dependent interatomic potential of bismuth approaching a solid-solid phase transition. Our experiments combine stroboscopic techniques that use a high-brightness linear electron accelerator-based x-ray source with pulse-by-pulse timing reconstruction for femtosecond resolution, allowing quantitative characterization of the interatomic potential energy surface of the highly excited solid. 相似文献
945.
Yuan M Konstantopoulos N Lee J Hansen L Li ZW Karin M Shoelson SE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,293(5535):1673-1677
We show that high doses of salicylates reverse hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia in obese rodents by sensitizing insulin signaling. Activation or overexpression of the IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) attenuated insulin signaling in cultured cells, whereas IKKbeta inhibition reversed insulin resistance. Thus, IKKbeta, rather than the cyclooxygenases, appears to be the relevant molecular target. Heterozygous deletion (Ikkbeta+/-) protected against the development of insulin resistance during high-fat feeding and in obese Lep(ob/ob) mice. These findings implicate an inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and identify the IKKbeta pathway as a target for insulin sensitization. 相似文献
946.
Major glycoprotein antigens that induce antibodies in AIDS patients are encoded by HTLV-III 总被引:109,自引:0,他引:109
J S Allan J E Coligan F Barin M F McLane J G Sodroski C A Rosen W A Haseltine T H Lee M Essex 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4703):1091-1094
Antibodies from the serum of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with the AIDS-related complex and from the serum of seropositive healthy homosexuals, recognize two major glycoproteins in cells infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III). These glycoproteins, gp160 and gp120, are encoded by the 2.5-kilobase open reading frame located in the 3' end of the HTLV-III genome, as determined by amino terminus sequence analysis of the radiolabeled forms of these proteins. It is hypothesized that gp160 and gp120 represent the major species of virus-encoded envelope gene products for HTLV-III. 相似文献
947.
Gust D Moore TA Moore AL Lee SJ Bittersmann E Luttrull DK Rehms AA Degraziano JM Ma XC Gao F Belford RE Trier TT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,248(4952):199-201
A synthetic five-part molecular device has been prepared that uses a multistep electron transfer strategy similar to that of photosynthetic organisms to capture light energy and convert it to chemical potential in the form of long-lived charge separation. It consists of two covalently linked porphyrin moieties, one containing a zinc ion (P(Zn)) and the other present as the free base (P). The metailated porphyrin bears a carotenoid polyene (C) and the other a diquinone species (Q(A)-Q(B)). Excitation of the free-base porphyrin in a chloroform solution of the pentad yields an initial charge-separated state, C-P(Zn)-P(.+).-Q(A)(-)-Q(B), with a quantum yield of 0.85. Subsequent electron transfer steps lead to a final charge-separated state, C(.+)-P(Zn)-P-Q(A)-Q(B)(.-), which is formed with an overall quantum yield of 0.83 and has a lifetime of 55 microseconds. Irradiation of the free-base form of the pentad, C-P-P-Q(A)-Q(B), gives a similar charge-separated state with a lower quantum yield (0.15 in dichloromethane), although the lifetime is increased to approximately 340 microseconds. The artificial photosynthetic system preserves a significant fraction ( approximately 1.0 electron volt) of the initial excitation energy (1.9 electron volts) in the long-lived, charge-separated state. 相似文献
948.
949.
Averaged helium to carbon dioxide ratios measured from systematic collections of gases from Sulphur Bank fumarole. Kilauea, Hawaii, when coupled with estimates of carbon in the earth's crust, give a helium flux of 1 x 105 atoms per square centimeter per second. This is within the lower range of other estimates, and may represent the flux from deep-seated sources in the upper mantle. 相似文献
950.
PM Lundquist R Wortmann C Geletneky RJ Twieg M Jurich VY Lee CR Moylan DM Burland 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5290):1182-1185
The performance of amorphous organic photorefractive (PR) materials in applications such as optical data storage is generally limited by the concentration of active molecules (chromophores) that can be incorporated into the host without forming a crystalline material with poor optical quality. In polymeric PR systems described previously, performance has been limited by the necessity of devoting a large fraction of the material to inert polymer and plasticizing components in order to ensure compositional stability. A new class of organic PR materials composed of multifunctional glass-forming organic chromophores is described that have long-term stability and greatly improved PR properties. 相似文献