磺胺二甲基嘧啶残留检测ELISA方法的研究

本实验对磺胺二甲嘧啶残留检测ELISA反应的各种条件进行了筛选优化,建立了直接竞争ELISA检测方法,该法最小检出量为1.97ng/mL,检测范围5ng/mL～200ng/mL,样品添加回收率为73.20%～91.16%,批内变异系数<5.5%,批间变异系数<9%。与美国进口Max Signal试剂盒相比较,灵敏度为100%,特异性为96.0%,两者的符合率为98.3%。     

阿尔巴斯白绒山羊胚胎移植技术推广研究与应用

通过对阿尔巴斯白绒山羊供体选择、同期发情、超数排卵、手术采卵、受体羊同期发情处理、手术移植等技术应用,探索了规模化阿尔巴斯白绒山羊胚胎移植技术的组装配套,以加快胚胎移植在养羊业生产中的推广与应用.总结了供体羊选择标准、供体羊同期发情海绵栓法应用经验.供体发情率达100%、利用率为98.33%、输卵管法平均回收胚胎13.9枚、平均可用胚胎10.2枚:受体发情率81.66%、鲜胚移植受胎率77.92%、产羔率105.78%、繁殖率79.28%.结果表明,使用配套技术进行绒山羊胚胎移植较适合目前养羊业种羊改良的生产实际,技术较成熟、稳定,可在农村牧区广泛推广应用.     

鱼油对仔猪生产性能、炎性介质和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴激素的影响

本试验研究了鱼油对断奶仔猪生产性能、炎性介质和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴激素的影响.选用32头(28±3)日龄、体重(8.91±0.74)kg的杜洛克×长白×大白仔猪,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复2头猪,1公1母.采用双因子设计,主因子包括:1)饲粮处理(5%鱼油或5%玉米油);2)免疫应激[注射脂多糖(LPS)或...     

Bacteriological and molecular typing of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated in retail beef in Beijing,China

Clostridium perfringens is an important zoonotic pathogen. This study was designed to explore the prevalence and toxin types of C. perfringens in retail beef collected from Beijing, China. Among 221 beef samples collected, 53 samples were positive for C. perfringens, resulting in the average prevalence as 23.98%. By toxin gene-based typing, the most C. perfringens strains belong to type A (96.23%, 51/53), only 2 strains were identified as type D. By a multi-locus sequence typing (MLST)-based analysis, a total of 36 sequence types (STs) were detected, and the most STs (n=30) represented just a single strain. These finding suggested that the prevalence of C. perfringens in retail beef in Beijing was considerably high and these bacteria displayed extreme diversity in genetics.     

DMEM培养结肠小袋虫的正交试验

利用L9(34)正交试验设计,研究了淀粉量、小牛血清比例和培养基初始pH 3个因素对结肠小袋虫在DMEM培养基中所获得的最高种群密度的影响。方差分析表明,初始pH影响最大,其次为淀粉量,血清比例影响最小。最佳培养基组成为淀粉40 mg/安瓿、血清150 mL/L(DMEM培养液2.55 mL+0.45 mL小牛血清),最适宜的DMEM培养基初始pH为7.0。     

Effects of active immunization against myostatin on carcass quality and expression of the myostatin gene in pigs

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of active immunization against myostatin on the titer of myostatin antibody, carcass evaluation, activity of creatine kinase and the expression of the myostatin gene in pigs. Eighteen pigs were allotted into three groups (six pigs per group), and pigs in treatment 1, 2 and 3 were immunized with physiological saline, 1 mg or 4 mg myostatin per pig, respectively. Six pigs were killed by electrical stunning followed by exsanguination at BW of 100 kg. The results indicated that the titer of myostatin antibody was increased in treated groups compared to the control group on day 42 ( P  < 0.01) and d 84 ( P  < 0.01). The carcass lean percentage was significantly increased in the treatment groups compared to the control group ( P  < 0.01), and intramuscular fat was significantly decreased in the 4 mg group compared to the control group ( P  < 0.05). The muscle creatine kinase activity of pigs treated with 1 mg and 4 mg myostatin was lower than the control group. The immunization of myostatin signofocantly decreased the myostatin gene expression levels in muscle. It was concluded that optimal active immunization against myostatin could increase the content of myostatin antibody, suppress the activity of creatine kinase and the expression of myostatin gene, and therefore improve the carcass lean percentage for pigs.     

细菌人工染色体载体系统在反向遗传学中的应用研究进展

细菌人工染色体是近十几年来发展起来的一种新型DNA克隆载体系统,具有操作简单、遗传稳定、容量大等明显的优势。论文主要综述了细菌人工染色体载体系统在基础研究、基因治疗及病毒载体疫苗等反向遗传学方面的研究进展。     

微量元素硒对獭兔繁殖性能的影响

为了研究微量元素硒水平对獭兔繁殖性能的影响。试验以50只成年獭兔作为研究对象,随机分成五个组,即在每千克饲料中分别添加0 mg、0.09 mg、0.18 mg、0.36 mg、0.72 mg硒,与对照组(0 mg/kg)比较,结果表明每千克饲料中添加0.18 mg的硒对獭兔的繁殖性能影响显著,其中獭兔的受胎率、产仔数及仔兔初生重均较对照组有明显的促进作用,分别较对照组增加3.33%、13.32%、8.7%。     

3.4～9.5kg超早期断奶仔猪粗蛋白质需求参数研究

试验研究饲粮不同粗蛋白质 (CP)水平 ( 1 6% ,1 8% ,1 9% ,2 0 % ,2 1 % ,2 2 % ,和 2 4 % )对 3.4～ 9.5kg超早期断奶仔猪生产性能和血清尿素氮 (SUN)浓度的影响。结果表明 :当饲粮CP水平从 1 6%升高到2 0 % ,仔猪平均日增重趋于增加 (P >0 .0 5) ,饲料转化率极显著提高 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,采食单位粗蛋白质所获得的体增重和SUN浓度无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5) ;当饲粮CP水平从 2 0 %升高到 2 4 % ,仔猪平均日增重趋于下降 (P >0 .0 5) ,饲料转化率趋于降低 (P >0 .0 5) ,采食单位粗蛋白质所获得的体增重显著降低(P <0 .0 5) ,SUN浓度极显著升高 (P <0 .0 1 )。以上结果表明 ,在满足氨基酸需要的条件下 ,3.4～ 9.5kg超早期断奶仔猪生长所需的饲粮CP水平为 2 0 %。     

牛奶中土霉素残留检测方法改进及临床消除规律探究

试验对牛奶中的土霉素残留检测方法进行了改进,并采用改进后的方法对牛奶中土霉素的临床消除情况进行了探究。样品前处理过程中,选取0.1mol/LNa₂EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液提取牛奶中的土霉素,正己烷除脂及HLB固相萃取柱净化浓缩。釆用Symmetry Shield RPC18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)反相色谱柱,以乙腈和0.048%的磷酸溶液(pH2.5)为流动相,采用梯度洗脱的方式对样品进行分析。方法改进后,土霉素的出峰时间为6.5min,峰形尖锐,与样品中的杂质峰分离良好。土霉素标准溶液在5~2000μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,标准曲线R²=0.9999;牛奶中土霉素在10、20、100μg/kg3组浓度的加标回收率分别为87.9%、90.5%和87.8%,批内变异系数范围为2.2%~5.8%,批间变异系数范围为4.0%~5.1%。土霉素在牛奶中的检出限为5μg/kg,定量限为10μg/kg,适用于研究土霉素在牛奶中的残留消除规律。选取了29头产后患有子宫内膜炎的奶牛,分成4个不同剂量组(2、3、4和5g),通过子宫内灌注土霉素的方式进行治疗,然后采用优化后的方法检测牛奶中残留的土霉素。结果发现,4g及以下剂量组给药72h后,牛奶中的土霉素可以消除至残留限量以下;而当给药剂量达到5g时,72h后牛奶中的土霉素未消除至残留限量以下,因此不建议采用5g及以上剂量灌注病牛子宫。