首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   829篇
  免费   42篇
  国内免费   3篇
林业   47篇
农学   23篇
基础科学   2篇
  150篇
综合类   59篇
农作物   41篇
水产渔业   55篇
畜牧兽医   440篇
园艺   19篇
植物保护   38篇
  2023年   14篇
  2022年   13篇
  2021年   40篇
  2020年   36篇
  2019年   33篇
  2018年   36篇
  2017年   28篇
  2016年   15篇
  2015年   26篇
  2014年   37篇
  2013年   58篇
  2012年   61篇
  2011年   73篇
  2010年   38篇
  2009年   48篇
  2008年   50篇
  2007年   62篇
  2006年   53篇
  2005年   30篇
  2004年   33篇
  2003年   23篇
  2002年   27篇
  2001年   4篇
  2000年   3篇
  1999年   9篇
  1998年   2篇
  1997年   5篇
  1996年   1篇
  1995年   3篇
  1993年   2篇
  1992年   1篇
  1991年   3篇
  1990年   2篇
  1989年   2篇
  1985年   1篇
  1976年   1篇
  1955年   1篇
排序方式: 共有874条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
41.
The aim of this work was to verify the potential of infrared (IR) spectroscopy in near and mid regions to detect the beginning of the malolactic fermentation (MLF) occurring in a model-wine and the further cells autolysis. MLF in wine is a secondary biotransformation due to lactic acid bacteria that usually occurs spontaneou,;ly or after starter inoculation at the end of alcoholic fermentation. Nowadays, it is desirable to supply winemakers with a new rapid and non-destructive approach to monitor MLF progress and 1R spectroscopy technology appears to be suitable for this purpose. The transformation of L-malic acid into L-lactic acid was carried out by inoculating a synthetic wine with an Oenococcus oeni culture and it was monitored through microbiological and chemical methods. At the same time, Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectral data, in diffusive transflection mode using an optic probe, and FT-IR spectra, using an germanium crystal attenuated total reflectance (ATR) cell, were collected. Principal component analysis of the spectra was able to identify absorption bands related to the key molecular modifications that took place during the L-malic acid transformation. Thus, the samples were discriminated according to the fermentation phase. Although this study is a preliminary approach, results confirm that near infrared (NIR) and mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy could be successfully applied to detect the start of MLF and the autolysis of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cells.  相似文献   
42.
Two bacterial strains Lactobacillus fructivorans (AS17B), isolated from adult sea bream (Sparus aurata) gut, and Lactobacillus plantarum (906), isolated from human faeces, were administered contemporaneously, during sea bream development using Brachionus plicatilis and/or Artemia salina and dry feed as vectors. The probiotic treatment influenced gut colonization: at 35 days post-hatching (p.h.) L. fructivorans was not present in the gut, but the treatment induced colonization by L. plantarum. At 66 days p.h., L. fructivorans was evident also in the control; moreover, when suitable environmental conditions appeared in the post-metamorphosis gastro-intestinal tract, competition between L. plantarum and L. fructivorans occurred. At 90 days p.h., L. plantarum was displaced by L. fructivorans that became significantly higher with respect to the control. In treated groups, probiotic administration significantly decreased larvae and fry mortality.  相似文献   
43.
In the present study, the growth and the Cu2+accumulation by roots, shoots and leaves of Zea mays were examined using copper sulphate in the range of 10?4 to 10?2 M. Plants of Z. mays did not show inhibition of growth in the presence of 10?4 to 10?2 M Cu2+; however, it was observed growth effects on root when different Cu2+ solution concentrations were used. Only the seedlings exposed to 10?2 M exhibited substantial root growth reduction, yielding only 56% of length with respect to the control. Seedlings exposed to 10?4 M Cu2+ exhibited 16% and 42% growth increase in shoots and leaves, respectively, when compared with the controls. The seedlings treated with 10?3 and 10?2 M Cu2+ were inhibited in shoot and leaf growth. The fresh weights in roots, shoots and leaves significantly decreased at 10?2 M Cu2+. The tolerance index, based on root length, was not significantly different for the three different treatments with copper. However, the total accumulation rate was very low at 10?4 and 10?3 M compared to 10?2 Cu treatments. The capacity of copper accumulation by roots, shoots and leaves of Z. mays plants increased concomitant to the copper concentration, arriving to 382 times more in roots, 157 in shoots and only 16 in leaves, all compared to the controls. Cu could be accumulated by roots, shoots and leaves when the initial concentrations were 10?3 and 10?4 M. However, when it was 10?2 M, the metal could not be accumulated by leaf and shoot levels; the roots could increase their copper accumulation capacity three times compared to the control. Z. mays has potential ability to accumulate Cu without being overly sensitive to Cu toxicity.  相似文献   
44.
Plasma cortisol is the most commonly used indicator of stress in fish but, as the blood sampling procedure itself can be a source of stress, it would be helpful to measure cortisol using less invasive matrices. It is also necessary to find alternative matrices as stress indicators in dead fish in which blood sampling is impossible. In the present study, we investigated transport stress in three aquaculture species, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum), by cortisol determination (radioimmunoassay) in plasma and other matrices (skin mucus, gut content, lateral muscle and caudal fin). Cortisol significantly increased after transport in all species and matrices, except in the sea bass gut content, where it remained unchanged. The three species responded to transport stress by producing different cortisol levels. In conclusion, the significant correlation found between plasma cortisol and most of the other matrices opens up the possibility of using them to evaluate stress in fish: mucus sampling is a less invasive method than blood sampling, and in addition to muscle and fin sampling, it can be used in postmortem fish.  相似文献   
45.
Two hundred one serum samples from individual dairy cows with a range of results on initial testing with a commercial Johne's disease enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit were repeat tested 5 times in each of 2 laboratories with kits produced by the same manufacturer. The results for the samples with all 10 replicates showed that the values for individual samples often had a coefficient of variation greater than 20%. As expected, the standard deviation for the results increased as the average value increased and the coefficient of variation was greater in samples with low mean values. The different lots of the commercial ELISA kit used in this study had a significant effect on both the optical density and the calculated sample to positive (S/P) ratio for test replicates. Based on the variability detected in S/P ratios of replicate samples, application of a single cutoff point to interpret individual test results as positive or negative for antibodies to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis could result in inconsistent classification of animals as positive or negative for Johne's disease. Such inconsistency in test interpretation leads to frustration in large animal veterinarians or producers trying to make management decisions based on individual test results. Instead of dichotomizing the test results as positive or negative based on a single cutoff value, reporting numerical values and supplying a classification scheme that includes a suspect category reflecting the uncertainty inherent in the test is recommended to provide more reliable result interpretation.  相似文献   
46.
H. Lux    L. Herrmann  Claudia  Wetzel 《Plant Breeding》1990,104(3):177-183
The culture of unpollinated ovules is shown to be a suitable system for the production of haploid sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). The yield of haploids depended upon the genotype and varied between 0 and 13 % with a mean of 1.0 %. Haploid plants could be produced from approximately 50 % of all genotypes examined. The majority of the haploids isolated (about 90%) maintained the haploid genome level during the in vitro culture and propagation; 10% of the haploid clones showed a spontaneous doubling to the diploid genome level.  相似文献   
47.
A procedure developed for soybean protein precipitation which was based on electrodialysis was tested for the production of acid casein from reconstituted skim milk. In a previous paper, the performance of bipolar membrane electroacidification (BMEA) was evaluated under different conditions of ionic strength (micro(added) = 0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 M) and added salt (CaCl(2), NaCl, or KCl) (1). The aim of this study, which is the complement of the work on evaluation of BMEA performance, was to evaluate the functionality of the protein isolates produced by BMEA and to compare the BMEA isolates to commercial isolates and an isolate produced by chemical acidification. It was not possible to show differences between the functional properties of isolates produced by BMEA, except at 1 M CaCl(2) micro(added), due to the variability of the isolates. However, the results showed that it is possible to obtain isolates similar to commercial isolates and that the addition of salt during the process does not induce variations in functional properties. From results on mineral concentrations, it appeared that the addition of monovalent cations did not influence the retention of monovalent or divalent cations in the BMEA isolates, while addition of divalent cations (CaCl(2)) influenced the retention of magnesium. According to previous results on evaluation of BMEA performances under different conditions of ionic strength and added salt, the difference observed for the BMEA isolate produced at 1.0 M CaCl(2) was confirmed.  相似文献   
48.
A literature survey was conducted to determine the amphibian diversity and distribution in Brazilian Amazonia. Patterns of endemisms and similarity of fauna between localities were also addressed. Twenty-eight inventories were found for the region, the majority localized in areas with easier access by road or river. A minimum of 163 amphibian species was recorded for Brazilian Amazonia. Although many species are endemic to the Amazonian lowlands as an entity, the patterns of species uniqueness among sites suggested low endemic distribution within the lowlands of the Amazon Basin. The mean similarity between localities varied from low to intermediate (mean=0.40), indicating that the Brazilian Amazonia is characterized by distinctive assemblages of amphibians throughout its extension. Localities further apart had lower similarity. No threatened species were recorded. These results contribute to determine priority areas for new inventories and establishment of conservation units. We suggest that areas next to the Amazon deforestation frontier should be prioritized for new studies due to the high rate of alteration and potential loss of species. Additionally, studies on amphibian population dynamics are few in Brazilian Amazonia and more of them should be emphasized to help to draw a better picture of the status of amphibians in this region.  相似文献   
49.
Gold mining is the principal polluting activity in themunicipality of Poconé at the northern limit ofthe Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brasil and ischaracterized by the inadequate use of mercury in thegold extraction process. A way to contribute to theassessment of the environmental impact of mercuryrelease in the Pantanal is to make use of bioaccumulation. Thus, determinations of total mercuryin 188 Gastropods of three different species were madein seven different sampling sites during the dry andwet periods. Increase of mercury levels in the snailswas restricted to the gold mining area and adjacentsedimentation areas. The largest mercuryconcentrations were found at the Tanque dos Padressite, reaching 2.04 g g-1 in individuals ofPomacea scalaris. In the other sampling sites,molluscs collected in the Araras/Piuval Bay complex,a mercury retention area, showed the largest mercuryconcentration, reaching up to 1.12 g g-1.  相似文献   
50.
Both NO and N2O are produced in soil microbial processes and have importance in atmospheric physics and chemistry. In recent years several studies have shown that N2O emissions from organic soils can be high at low temperatures. However, the effects of low temperature on NO emissions from soil are unknown. We studied in laboratory conditions, using undisturbed soil cores, the emissions of NO and N2O from organic soils at various temperatures, with an emphasis on processes and emissions during soil freezing and thawing periods. We found no soil freezing- or thawing-related emission maxima for NO, while the N2O emissions were higher both during soil freezing and thawing periods. The results suggest that different factors are involved in the regulation of NO and N2O emissions at low temperatures.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号