大枫子与马钱上的叶斑类真菌病害

报道1986～1989年在泰国大枫子、海南大枫子和印度马钱上发现的9种叶斑类真菌病害的症状、病原菌及病情、分布。9种病原菌中,大枫子褐斑病菌(Ascochyta hydnocarpi S.M.Lin et P.K.Chi)、马钱叶枯病菌(Didymosphaeria strychnoris S.M.Lin et P.K.Chi)、马钱叶斑病菌(Microsphaeropsis strychoris S.M.Lin et P.K.Chi)和马钱轮纹褐斑病菌(Mycosphaerella strychnoris S.M.Lin et P.K.Cki)是新种。     

苎麻人工种子在不同条件下的发芽特性与贮藏特性

本文对苎麻人工种子无菌条件、有菌土壤上的发芽特性及其贮藏特性进行了深入研究。芝麻不定芽人工种子在１／４ＭＳ发芽基质上１００％发芽、１００％生根；无菌滤纸上７１％发芽、２９％生根；在胶囊内添１００ｕ／ｍｌ青霉素、０．１％ＣＴＭ作为防腐剂制作的人工种子播种到沙石肥土中，有１５．３％发芽、８．２％生根；将低温和液体石蜡相结合贮藏芝麻人工种子１２０ｄ后取出播种到１／４ＭＳ发芽基质上２５％发芽、５％生根。单用低温、液体石蜡都不能长时间贮藏苎麻人工种子。     

Effects of Dietary Digestible Protein and Energy Levels on Growth Performance,Feed Utilization,and Body Composition of Juvenile Permit,Trachinotus falcatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

A 9‐wk study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary protein and energy on growth performance of juvenile permit, Trachinotus falcatus, growing from approximately 30 to 150 g. Nine experimental diets were formulated to contain three levels of crude protein (400, 450, and 500 g/kg dry matter [DM]); and three levels of crude lipid (100, 200, and 300 g/kg DM) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. Growth rate and feed efficiency were significantly improved with increasing dietary protein levels from 400 to 500 g/kg and with dietary lipid levels from 100 to 200 g/kg. Fish body protein content was positively correlated with dietary ratio of digestible protein (DP) to digestible energy (DE) (P < 0.01, R² = 0.83), while body lipid was negatively correlated with dietary DP/DE (R² = 0.55, P < 0.05) but positively correlated with dietary DE levels (R² = 0.66, P < 0.01). Results showed a protein‐sparing effect, as protein retention was significantly increased by increasing dietary lipid level. In conclusion, the diet containing DP of 392.7 g/kg and DE of 18.8 MJ/kg (DM), corresponding to a DP/DE of 20.9 g/MJ, is suggested as an optimal feed for growth and feed efficiency in juvenile permit.     

北盘江2种典型增殖放流鱼类突进游速研究

长臀（Cranoglanis bouderius）和白甲鱼（Onychostoma sima）是目前北盘江主要放流鱼类,但这2种鱼的放流效果差异较大。由于鱼类的突进游速在一定程度上影响增殖放流的效果,故试验采用自制测试装置,用递增流速法测试了2种鱼的突进游速。结果显示,白甲鱼的突进游速大于长臀,且2种鱼的突进游速均随体长增加而近似线性增大;而相对突进游速则随着体长的增加而近似线性减小。研究结果可为北盘江鱼类增殖放流和放流效果评估,以及日后北盘江的拦鱼、诱鱼、集鱼船等鱼类资源保护措施的实施提供参考。     

生物大分子标记物检测在环境监测中的应用

生物大分子标记物是指生物体内的一些对外界环境变化敏感并能产生一些可检测变化的大分子物质,这些大分子物质能够反映环境变化对生物体的影响。随着社会对环境保护的日益重视和分子生物学技术的发展,将生物大分子标记物的检测应用到环境监测中已经成为一种趋势。生物大分子标记物检测由于其测定指标全面、准确、系统且具有特异性等优点,近十几年来作为污染物暴露和毒性效应的早期预警工具已被广泛应用于环境评价中。本文对一些主要的生物大分子标记物及其检测技术在环境监测中的应用状况及应用前景进行综述,旨在为生物大分子标记技术在环境检测实际操作中的应用提供参考依据。     

Effect of LED light quality on the phototaxis and locomotion behaviour of Haliotis discus hannai

Abalones were reared in a laboratory to determine the percentage response rate, response time, average crawling speed and the time taken to recover an upright posture under nine light‐emitting diode light quality treatments (red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, white and grey) and a dark environment. Animals were placed in the centre of an experimental device, and the tropism of each animal was continuously monitored by video. The highest percentage response rate (80% in dark adapted abalones, 60% in light adapted abalones) was observed in the dark environment, followed by red and orange light (27% and 30% in dark adapted abalones, respectively, 22% and 24% in light adapted abalones). Two induction materials (substrate and brown algae Laminaria japonica) were used to assess the effect of light quality on the tropism of abalones, with the highest percentage response rate (76% in the L. japonica treatment, 22% in the substrate treatment) also observed in the dark environment, followed by red and orange light (both 25% in the L. japonica treatment, and 26% and 32%, respectively, in the substrate treatment). The tropism order of the abalones under dark, red, orange and yellow light was as follows: dark > orange > red, yellow, but fewer abalones chose to stay in blue, green, cyan and purple light. The response time (about 700 s) in the dark environment was significantly longer than for the other light quality treatments. Compared with the average crawling speed in the other light quality treatments, abalones were relatively slower (about 3.8 mm s^?1) in red and orange light, and the dark environment. The mean time required for the recovery of an upright posture in red light and the dark environment was longer than in the other light quality treatments, with the average recovery time reaching a maximum of 60 s in the dark environment. The results demonstrate the phototaxis and locomotion behaviour of abalones, as well as confirming the necessity of a dark, orange or red environment for their management and aquaculture.     

我国房产税开征实效分析

文章结合目前已初见的房产税开征效果,分别探讨其对房地产市场、财政收入和社会贫富差距的实际影响,比较其与理论期望的差距与原因,得出房产税的效果是长期的,另外现行的方案有待向存量房开征房产税、采用差异化和累进制税率相结合方向改善,且配套完善的房地产相关政策,才能更好地实施其政府调控作用。     

巴戟枯萎病的病原菌鉴定

 巴戟枯萎病是一种毁灭性的病害,且前在广东省高要县发生严要.经病原菌分离培养、形态特征观察和致病性测定等试验结果表明,它由尖镰孢霉内的一个新的专化型(Fusarium oxysporum Schl f.sp.morindae Chi et Shi f.sp.nov.)为害所致.病菌可通过土壤和插条传播.据初步研究表明,用50%多菌灵可湿性粉刺1000倍浸泡液插条12—24小时可防治带菌,值得继续试验.     

三明市区家鼠寄生革螨的调查报告

本文报告了三明市区家鼠寄生革螨的种类、组成、季节消长情况。观察一周年，共捕鼠７１１只，带螨鼠１４３只，带螨率为２０．１１％，检集革螨８７１只，鼠革蛲指数为１．２３只／鼠，鉴定为３属４种即毒厉螨、纳氏厉螨、柏氏禽刺螨和鼠颚毛厉螨；毒厉螨为优势种，占８１．８６％，平均螨指数为１．００只／鼠，各宿主动物间带情况存在差异。以褐家鼠最高，达３７．２０％，螨指数为２．７２只／鼠，革螨常年活动，以４－６月、８３     

Biting attack elicited by stimulation of the ventral midbrain tegmentum of cats

An area in the ventral midbrain tegmentum has been discovered in which electrical stimulation elicits biting attack. The midbrain sites from which attack was elicited correspond well with the zone in the midbrain tegmentum where degeneration was previously observed after lesions were made in lateral hypothalamic attack sites.