迪庆高海拔高寒地区秋播小黑麦引种试验

为挖掘迪庆藏族自治州冬春季饲草供给来源和探究适宜与青贮玉米(Zea mays)轮作的饲草种植模式,本研究在香格里拉小中甸地区开展了11个小黑麦(×?Triticosecale?Wittmack)和3个黑麦(Secale cereale)品种的秋播引种试验.主要通过株高、产量、抗逆性和营养品质来评价供试小黑麦的生产表现.结果表明:1)供试小黑麦和黑麦品种在产量和抗逆性方面均存在显著差异(P?相似文献   

硒多糖的来源、提取及其生物学功能研究进展

硒多糖是硒与多糖结合在一起的有机硒化合物,是一种新型的硒源,具有清除自由基、保护神经活性、增强免疫力、抗肿瘤、抗炎等多种功能。硒多糖具有特殊的化学结构——硒氧键（O=Se=O）,有别于普通多糖,其能够发挥硒和多糖的双重功效,活性远高于硒或多糖。本文就硒多糖的来源、提取、分离纯化及生物学功能等方面的研究进展进行综述,以期为未来畜牧业新型饲料添加剂的开发、应用和推广提供理论依据。[关键词] 硒多糖|来源|提取|生物学功能     

Effects of intrauterine growth restriction during late pregnancy on the ovine fetal renal function and antioxidant capacity

This study investigated the effects of intrauterine growth restriction during late pregnancy on the ovine fetal renal function and renal antioxidant capacity. Eighteen ewes pregnant were randomly divided into control group (CG, ad libitum, 0.67 MJ ME·BW^−0.75·day⁻¹, n = 6), restricted group 1 (RG1, 0.18 MJ ME·BW^−0.75·day⁻¹, n = 6), and restricted group 2 (RG2, 0.33 MJ ME·BW^−0.75·day⁻¹, n = 6). At 140 days, the fetal blood, allantoic fluid and kidney tissue were collected to determinate fetal renal function and renal antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the fetal weight, kidney weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) and aquaporin-3 (AQP-3), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in RG1 group were decreased compared with the CG (P < 0.05), but the contents of β2-Microglobulin (β 2-MG), cystatin C (Cys-C), filtered sodium excretion fraction (FENa), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydroxyl radical (OH) in RG1 group were increased (P < 0.05). The impaired ovine fetal renal growth, antioxidant imbalance and dysfunction of glomerulus ultrafiltration, and the renal tubules reabsorption were induced by maternal malnutrition during late pregnancy.     

Association Analysis between Differences of GnRHR-Ⅱ Gene Expression with Reproduction Traits Heterosis in Duck Populations

The objective of this study was to clone the sequence of duck type Ⅱ gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR-Ⅱ) gene, and to analyze the association of its expression levels with reproduction trait heterosis. RT-PCR method was used to clone GnRHR-Ⅱ gene fragments, and the expression levels during early laying days and laying fastigium period in Gaoyou duck, Jinding duck and crossed populations were tested by Real-time PCR method. Sequencing and homology analysis showed that the cloned duck GnRHR cDNA was about 500 bp in length, and it belonged to the avian type Ⅱ GnRHR isoforms. It was 96% identical to the cGnRHR-Ⅱ sequence reported in domestic chicken. From the early laying days to laying fastigium period, expression levels of GnRHR-Ⅱ gene in pituitary increased for Jinding duck, Gaoyou duck and crossed populations, with the highest expression levels in Jinding×Gaoyou hybrid group (P<0.01) . The expression levels of GnRHR-Ⅱ gene in hypothalamus also increased for Jinding duck, Gaoyou duck, however, it decreased in two crossed populations. The expression levels of GnRHR-Ⅱ gene in ovary were significantly higher for Jinding duck and two crossed populations than Gaoyou duck (P<0.01), but it decreased during laying fastigium period. Compared to Jinding duck and Gaoyou duck breeds, the two crossed populations had positive heterosis in 42-week production and 42-week egg fertilization percent, and negative heterosis in the first laying age and 42-week fertilized egg hatching rate traits. It suggested that the short-lived higher expression of ovary GnRHR-Ⅱ gene before early laying days be correlated with heterosis of the first laying age and 42-week production traits, and its higher expression levels in pituitary could aid to keep laying fastigium.     

植物源杀虫剂对夜蛾科害虫的作用研究进展

针对滥用化学农药造成的污染和残留问题,阐明了植物源杀虫剂研究开发的必要性和广阔前景,并主要介绍了研究较多的三个科杀虫植物杀虫活性物质的类型、有效成分、作用机理及对夜蛾科害虫作用研究的进展.     

侵染芹菜的甜椒内源RNA病毒鉴定及序列分析

本试验利用双链RNA(double-stranded RNA,dsRNA)提取技术和非序列依赖PCR扩增(sequence-independent amplification,SIA)方法对表现皱缩症状的芹菜进行分子鉴定,发现芹菜被甜椒内源RNA病毒Bell pepper alphaendornavirus(BPEV)所侵染。为进一步明确山西芹菜BPEV分离物(BPEV-QC,GenBank登录号为KY659226)的分类地位,根据SIA测序结果设计BPEV特异性引物进行RT-PCR检测,并进行序列相似性比较和系统进化分析。序列同源性分析表明:BPEV-QC与BPEV分离物(IS、Maor、Kyosuzu、BPEV、lj、BPEV-YW)的同源性为80.0%~97.8%,与其他内源RNA病毒科分离物的同源性仅为30.6%~37.6%,表明:BPEV-QC与BPEV分离物(IS、Maor、Kyosuzu、BPEV、lj)形成一个独立分支,亲缘关系最近。     

防沙治沙技术对策的探讨

20 0 2年 1 0月 ,世界银行执行委员会通过了新的林业政策与战略 ,旨在保护发展中国家的环境的同时 ,改善以林为生的 5亿极端贫困的居民的生活。委员会强调实现环境保护和努力帮助穷人经营资源二者平衡的重要性。新的林业政策和战略覆盖了所有的森林类型 ,立足于以下 3个同等重要而又相互依赖的方面 :1保护森林提供当地和全球的环境服务和价值 ;2发挥森林的潜力 ,减少贫困 ;3将森林纳入经济可持续发展之中。新政策将努力在发展中国家增加 8%的保护区面积 ,并在这些林区执行严格的采伐禁令。另外 ,通过安排保护区外林区居民的再就业 ,努力改善…     

卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区蒙古野驴的数量与分布

2005年9—10月在新疆北部卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区调查了蒙古野驴的数量和分布。调查过程共设置样线8条,总长640.90km,共发现野驴53群1 039头,平均群体大小为(11.90±7.84)头/群,最大群为189只,2～10头的小群遇见率最高,占总群体数的43.40%。采用实体观测垂距法计算,蒙古野驴的平均密度为(1.231±0.196)头/km~2。结合有效分布面积,可计算得出保护区内约有野驴(5 234±834)头。调查显示蒙古野驴主要分布于保护区北部和中部食物和水源条件较好的区域。     

The natural regeneration pattern and process of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest in Xiaoxing’an Mountains

According to a great deal of field investigation and detailed indoor analysis, the natural regeneration pattern and process of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest has been uncovered. The results show that the regeneration quantity and quality of Korean pine population under mountainous Poplar-birch forest and mountainous white birch forest are better than those under valley moss-grass White Birch forest and virgin broad-leaved Korean pine forest. Korean pine population shows aggregated distribution, the mass-occurrence period of Korean pine population is behind the mass-occurrence period of Poplar-birch population. Various aged Korean pines growth is affected by different stand structure factors. Man-made lighting tending can accelerate the regeneration process and increase the regeneration quality of Korean pine population. It is feasible to set up regeneration recombination of upper layer White Birch and lower layer Korean pines.