藜蒴主要病虫害及防治技术探讨

藜蒴是我省优良的乡土阔叶树种,具有速生、耐寒、适应性广等特点,也是一种良好的造纸原料资源。近年来,随着我省藜蒴面积增大,其病虫害种类多,危害也日趋严重。文章探讨了藜蒴的主要病虫害及其防治技术,旨在更好地保护藜蒴森林资源。     

地方依恋中植物景观因素对人类情感的作用

指出了地方依恋是描述人与地方之间的积极情感,它包括地方依赖和地方认同.回顾国内外的地方依恋的研究,人们在与某个地方的长期互动过程中,发展出对该地的依恋.由于目前地方依恋影响因素中的植物景观因素研究较少,因而提出了可通过对植物景观色彩、气味、植物形态、季相变化以及植物不同的观赏部位等的讨论来阐述植物景观与地方依恋关系;在...     

青鳞鱼鱼肉提取物在加热过程中的性质研究

本文以青鳞鱼鱼肉为原料,采有冷水法和酶水解法制备提取物并对其在加热过程中的性质进行了研究。结果表明：①青鳞鱼鱼肉蛋白含量为68．3-71％且水溶性蛋白与水不溶性蛋白之比约为2：9;②酶水解法提取物非蛋白氮约为其总氮的50％．而冷水法提取物则为41．5％;③酶水解法提取物在50℃、60℃、70℃、80℃和90℃的温度条件下加热2h后．颜色明显加深,同时产生大量的呈香物质。但常规成分基本无变化;而冷水法提取物在同样的温度条件下,其颜色、滋味等感官特性变化不明显,但常规成分变化却明显;④提取物水溶性蛋白的变性温度为60—70℃,70—90℃时提取物总氮大部分是非蛋白氮。青鳞鱼提取物在加热过程中的这些性质为其加工和利用提供了重要的理论依据。     

Molecular cloning and dimorphic expression of growth hormone (gh) in female and male spotted scat Scatophagus argus

Spotted scat Scatophagus argus exhibits a typical sexual growth dimorphism in which the females grow faster than the males. Growth hormone (GH) is best known as an anterior pituitary hormone fundamental in regulating growth. To clarify the roles in sexual growth dimorphism in the spotted scat, gh cDNA was isolated from the pituitary. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the GH amino acid sequences of spotted scat and other vertebrates, and the resulting topology clearly reflects the taxonomic relationship of the Perciformes species selected. Alignment of GH amino acid sequences displayed very high similarity between the spotted scat and the other Perciformes species. The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that females exhibited higher pituitary gh mRNA levels than males at 6, 18, and 30 months (P < 0.05), which was 1.84, 4.61 and 6.34 times greater, respectively. In addition, immature males (6 months) exhibited higher pituitary gh mRNA levels than mature males (18 and 30 months). These results imply that the sexual growth dimorphism may be ascribable to the gh levels in pituitary in spotted scat.     

Stability comparison of three candidate internal reference genes in Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus)

The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) as food and medicinal product has been an important aquaculture object in China. Study of gene function in the Chinese giant salamander requires accurate normalization though the use of appropriate reference genes. In this study, the expression levels of three candidate reference genes including β‐actin, GAPDH and cytb of different tissues, different developmental stages and different challenges in Chinese giant salamander were evaluated by qPCR. The stabilities of these three reference genes were analysed by geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper software. The results showed that the expression of GAPDH was more stable than that of β‐actin and cytb in four tissues and at two developmental stages of Chinese giant salamander. Compared with GAPDH and cytb, β‐actin was the most stable in spleen of Chinese giant salamander treated with LPS or GSIV. Therefore, the result showed that GAPDH was the suitable reference gene in different tissues and at different developmental stages of Chinese giant salamander. The β‐actin could be used as a reference gene in spleen of Chinese giant salamander challenged with LPS and GSIV. This study provides convincing information for the GAPDH and β‐actin as suitable reference gene in Chinese giant salamander of different tissues, different developmental stages and different challenges respectively.     

PAC—IMBR工艺处理屠宰废水的试验研究

采用PAC-IMBR组合工艺处理屠宰废水,考察了该工艺对COD、BOD、NH3-N和浊度的去除效果。实验结果表明:组合工艺对COD、BOD和NH3-N的去除效果较好,去除率分别为95.56%、95.9%和91.1%,出水COD约为40 mg/L,NH3-N基本在10 mg/L以下,分别达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)的二级和一级标准;出水浊度<1 NTU,出水水质稳定。     

广东省水稻生产机械装备水平灰色预测与分析

利用广东省水稻生产主要环节机械装备保有量的历史数据,建立了灰色GM(1,1)预测模型,对2006-2020年广东省水稻生产机械装备水平进行了预测,并参考广东省水稻生产机械化作业水平值,对其预测结果进行了修正,以便能为政府主管部门制定提高水稻生产机械装备水平的政策措施提供参考依据.     

甜高粱茎秆残渣热裂解过程及其生物油成分分析

阐述了流化床反应器热裂解过程,以甜高粱茎秆残渣为生物质原料,在流化床反应器上进行了快速热裂解试验,并利用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析技术对产生的生物油化学成分进行了分析.结果表明:在500℃条件下的生物油产油率较高,为57%;生物油含有多种官能团和有机成分,主要有醇、酚、醚、酯及芳香烃类,是一种十分复杂的有机化合物的混合物.     

便携式割草机的设计

割草机是农、牧、园艺和园林等行业必备的一种常用机械,但适合面积狭小、形状不规则或地形复杂的地段且操作使用便捷、灵活的小型割草机却很少见.为此,在研究我国广泛应用的一些割草机技术的基础上,设计了简单实用的便携式割草机,其特点是结构简单、轻便、工作头前伸和支架高度可调;简要介绍了便携式割草机的总体结构、工作原理、电机选择及传动比的计算及刀片的设计.实验结果表明:该机具有操作容易、使用和携带方便、转向灵活等特点,能有效降低劳动强度.     

大型衬砌设备在平原水库工程中的应用初探

在我国的平原水库建设中,对于土坝混凝土护坡的施工,一直采用人工施工工艺,不但施工效率低、成本高,工程质量极难保证,大型渠道衬砌设备,经我国引进、改型,已应用于南水北调东线工程济平干渠衬砌施工队中,并积累了丰富的经验.2005年,在德州市农村自来水村村通水源工程宁津水库工程建设中,首次通过设备改型,进行了水库坝体的混凝土护坡施工,为大型渠道衬砌设备在平原水库混凝土护坡中的应用打下基础.本文对大型渠道衬砌设备在平原水库坝体混凝土护坡中的施工工艺控制、施工质量控制及存在的有关问题做了初步探讨.