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51.
Emilia T. Quinitio Joana Joy de la Cruz Maria Rowena R. Eguia Fe Dolores Parado-Estepa Gaudioso Pates Celia R. Lavilla-Pitogo 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(2):237-250
The significant decrease in wild mud crab population highlights the need to manage the resources and domesticate crabs. This
paper presents the initial results of the domestication of mud crab Scylla serrata aimed at producing good-quality captive broodstock. The analysis of the genetic structure of the base population was done
as a prerequisite for domestication. Adult S. serrata from the northern to southern parts of the Philippines (Cagayan, Camarines, Samar, and Surigao) were obtained for genetic
diversity analysis and domestication. Analysis of molecular variance showed that differences in the genetic variability between
the four populations were not significant. Moreover, no significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium was observed
in each sample population and even in pooled populations. Body weight was positively correlated with the carapace width. Second
spawning occurred 41–46 days after the first spawning and 34 days from second to third spawning. However, there was a decrease
in the number of zoea in repeat spawnings. Twenty-four first-generation (F1) families were produced from the four sites. The duration from spawning of the base population (P0) to attainment of broodstock size F1 was 10–14 months. Four second-generation (F2) families were produced after 11–12 months. Up to the F2, crabs tested negative for six viruses: white spot syndrome virus, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus,
gill-associated virus, yellow head virus, Taura syndrome virus, and infectious myonecrosis virus. The reproductive performance
of P0 was comparable to the succeeding generations. Several families were obtained from one population in a year. However, due
to the cannibalistic behavior of crabs, more space is required for the nursery and grow-out phase. The domestication of S. serrata is the first study done on any mud crab species in the Indo-west Pacific region. The initial results would serve as guide
to understand and eliminate the barriers to mud crab domestication. The breeding technology developed from this study will
support the production of good-quality seedstock for farming. 相似文献
52.
Hervey Rodríguez‐González Humberto Villarreal Alfredo Hernández‐Llamas Manuel García‐Ulloa Celia Vázquez‐Boucard Vania Serrano‐Pinto 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(12):1840-1847
The effect of eight diets with different protein‐to‐energy ratios (P–E ratio=10, 11, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 mg kJ?1) on reproduction of female redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus was tested under laboratory conditions. After 75 days, there was a significant effect of the P–E ratio on final weight, spawning females and the number of juveniles per female. Using the broken‐line and quadratic equations, optimal values for the P–E ratio were: 16.0, 17.1 and 16.0 mg kJ?1. The P–E ratio significantly affected protein and carbohydrate content and energy in the hepatopancreas. The broken‐line model indicated that the respective recommended values of the P–E ratio for these parameters were: 21.8, 16.7 and 18.6 mg kJ?1. The concentration of carbohydrates and energy in muscle tended to significantly diminish as the P–E ratio increased. From broken‐line regression analysis, the recommended P–E ratio was 16.6 and 20.2 mg kJ?1 respectively. No significant differences were found in survival, fecundity, vitellin content in eggs, protein and lipid content in muscle and lipids in the hepatopancreas. We concluded that, overall, a P–E ratio of 18±2 mg kJ?1 is optimal for reproductive activity of female redclaw crayfish. 相似文献
53.
Enrique Marquez-Rios Ramon Pacheco-Aguilar Victor M. Ocano-Higuera Celia O. García-Sifuentes Susana M. Scheuren-Acevedo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(1):105-113
ABSTRACTPostmortem biochemical and microbiological changes in loricariid catfish (Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus) muscle were evaluated during ice storage for 20 days. Values of pH remained stable for 15 days (7.4 ± 0.2), and total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N) remained under acceptable limits throughout storage, with a final value of 25.2 ± 3.3 mg N/100 g muscle at Day 20. Adenosine-5´-triphosphate (ATP) and derivatives followed a postmortem degradation pattern similar to other species, with the K-value being the best freshness loss indicator. Biochemical and microbiological changes indicated that the shelf life of iced loricariid catfish muscle was 15 days under optimal (0°C) storage conditions. 相似文献
54.
L. Alvarez R. Saucedo Antonia Aranega Consolación Melguizo y Celia Velez Amelia E. Aránega 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1993,22(4):319-323
The right ventricle was studied in 75 anatomically normal swine hearts. Nine parameters in the papillo-tendino valvular system and three corresponding to the tricuspid orifice, pulmonary orifice and length of the inflow tract were measured. Correlations were established between the parameters and heart weight in grams, between the different parameters themselves, and between heart weight and body weight. The results were compared with similar data from human hearts, and were considered of use to researchers planning to use the swine heart as an experimental model to study congenital or induced heart diseases, or as a reference for the clinical interpretation of spontaneous cardiac, anomalies in swine. 相似文献
55.
Almeida RS Domingues HG Coswig LT D'Arce RC de Carvalho RF Arns CW 《Veterinary research》2004,35(2):189-197
The present study used an RT-nested-PCR and an immunohistochemistry assay to detect bovine respiratory syncytial virus in tissues from experimentally infected balb/c mice. As a first step, Chicken Embryo Related (CER) cell monolayers infected with the BRSV-25-BR strain isolated in Brazil were used for antigen production. Then, the infected lung and tracheal tissues of female balb/c mice were collected on 3, 5, 7 and 10 days post-infection and submitted to both techniques. Primers specific to F and G genes that amplify fragments of 481 bp and 371 bp, respectively, were used. The BRSV detection was not successful in all of the animals tested. The genomic fragment of the G gene from the organs of some infected mice on all analyzed post-infection days was amplified. However, in the RT-nested-PCR corresponding to the F gene, it was not possible to observe any amplified fragment. This was probably due to the higher sensitivity of the developed technique to amplify the fragment corresponding to the G gene compared to the F gene. Moreover, only three of the lungs collected five days post-infection were positive by immunohistochemistry. To the author's knowledge, this is the first study reporting bovine respiratory syncytial virus detection in balb/c mice after experimental inoculation. 相似文献
56.
Inés Luaces Ana Doménech Marino García-Montijano Victorio M Collado Celia Sánchez J German Tejerizo Margarita Galka Pilar Fernández Esperanza Gómez-Lucía 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(3):381-385
Feline retroviruses are rarely reported in lynx species. Twenty-one Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) blood and tissue samples collected from Do?ana National Park and Los Villares (Sierra Morena) in southern Spain during 1993-2003 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to amplify nucleic acids from feline retroviruses. Six samples were positive for Feline leukemia virus (FeLV), but no samples tested positive for Feline immunodeficiency virus. The BLAST analysis indicated that 5 of the 6 sequences were closely related to FeLV strain Rickard subgroup A, whereas 1 sequence was identical to FeLV. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of FeLV in the endangered Iberian lynx. 相似文献
57.
Wong DM Belgrave RL Williams KJ Del Piero F Alcott CJ Bolin SR Marr CM Nolen-Walston R Myers RK Wilkins PA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,232(6):898-905
CASE DESCRIPTION: 5 horses were evaluated because of decreased appetite, weight loss, fever, cough, tachypnea, and respiratory distress. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Tachycardia, tachypnea, increased respiratory effort, lethargy, fever, poor body condition, and nasal discharge were detected in various combinations on initial physical examination. Evaluation of the lower portion of the respiratory tract via radiography and ultrasonography revealed a severe nodular interstitial pattern. Histologic examination of lung tissue revealed interstitial expansion of alveolar parenchyma with collagen, intraluminal accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages within the alveoli, and occasional intranuclear inclusion bodies within alveolar macrophages. Equine herpesvirus type 5 was detected in samples of lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, or both via polymerase chain reaction assay in all cases. A diagnosis of equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF) was established. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Horses were provided supportive treatment and were administered a variety of medications including corticosteroids and acyclovir. Two horses survived and returned to their previous level of activity. Three horses were euthanized because of either deterioration of clinical condition (n=2) or failure to improve within 4 weeks of initiation of treatment (1). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: EMPF should be considered as a differential diagnosis for adult horses with interstitial pneumonia and should be suspected on the basis of characteristic radiographic, ultrasonographic, and histopathologic findings. Equine herpesvirus type 5 is found in association with EMPF; although the exact pathogenic role this virus plays in EMPF is unknown, equine herpesvirus type 5 may be an etiologic agent or cofactor in the development of EMPF. 相似文献
58.
Skin burning is a new type of skin damage related to exposure to high pH values during the brushing-waxing postharvest operations that has been observed recently on some newly released peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cultivars. In this work, we described this skin disorder for the first time and studied its triggers and biological basis. Different skin burning susceptibility was observed after screening 21 peach and nectarine cultivars. The stability of the skin phenolic extracts to pH in the range 7-10 was studied by UV-visible spectroscopy. This study demonstrated that fruit skin phenolics are not stable at high pH and that the transformations occurring at high pH are reversible and time-dependent. The changes on the UV-visible absorption spectra at different pH values pointed out the copigmentation of anthocyanins as the mechanism beyond the skin burning disorder. Finally, some recommendations to minimize this postharvest damage are also discussed. 相似文献
59.
Aphid-borne viruses are responsible for major cucurbit diseases and hamper the sustainability of crop production. Systematic monitoring can reveal the occurrence and distribution of these viruses, in addition to unadvertised viruses, facilitating the control of diseases. For three consecutive (2018–2020) seasons, the presence of aphid-borne viruses was monitored from a total of 292 samples of watermelon and squash plants that showed yellowing symptoms in three major cucurbit-producing areas (Castilla La-Mancha, Alicante, and Murcia) in Spain. We observed that cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) was the most common virus found (29%) in the plants from both crops. Likewise, except for squash samples from Castilla La-Mancha and Alicante, watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) was also found (23%) with a relatively high frequency. Furthermore, we observed the exacerbation of bright yellowing symptoms in watermelon plants that was often accompanied by considerable fruit abortion. CABYV was the only causative agent for this new yellowing disease, and two infectious cDNA clones (one from watermelon, CABYV-LP63, and another from melon, CABYV-MEC12.1) were constructed to further compare and characterize this CABYV disease. Based on the full-length genome, both isolates were grouped phylogenetically together within the Mediterranean clade. However, the Koch's postulates tests were only successfully completed for the LP63 isolate, which also showed several amino acid changes and two potential recombination events, as compared to MEC12.1. Remarkably, the LP63 isolate caused more severe symptoms and showed higher RNA accumulation than MEC12.1 in five cucurbit plant species. These results suggest that a novel CABYV variant that causes severe yellowing symptoms may be causing outbreaks in cucurbit crops. 相似文献
60.
Celia M. Manaia Ana Novo Bruno Coelho Olga C. Nunes 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,208(1-4):335-343
The potential of domestic wastewater treatment plants to contribute for the dissemination of ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria was assessed. Differences on bacterial counts and percentage of resistance in the raw wastewater could not be explained on basis of the size of the plant or demographic characteristics of population served. In contrast, the treated effluent of the larger plants had significantly more heterotrophs and enterobacteria, including ciprofloxacin-resistant organisms, than the smaller (p?<?0.01). Moreover, longer hydraulic retention times were associated with significantly higher percentages of resistant enterobacteria in the treated effluent (p?<?0.05). Independently of the size or type of treatment used, domestic wastewater treatment plants discharged per day at least 1010–1014 colony forming units of ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria into the receiving environment. 相似文献