Cataract in the UK Leonberger population

OBJECTIVE: To survey the Leonberger, a numerically small breed in the UK, for the presence of cataract and find statistical support for the possible presence of inherited forms of cataract. METHODS: Ocular examinations were carried out by the first author between September 1996 and September 1998 on 211 Leonbergers; results of the ocular examination of further 228 Leonbergers examined between January 1990 and September 1998 by members of the British Veterinary Association/KC/ISDS eye scheme (BVA/KC/ISDS eye scheme) panel were analyzed. Data from all dogs examined were pooled in a composite database of 365 Leonbergers and the relationships between offspring and parents for the identified forms of cataract were examined with appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS: Cataracts were diagnosed in 90 Leonbergers, the majority being nuclear (40) or posterior polar subcapsular (31). A subgroup of nuclear cataracts, diagnosed in 11 dogs, is described and named as 'posterior nuclear cataract.' For posterior polar cataract, a positive association between offspring and parents was made in the logistic regression model, supporting the suggestion of inheritance. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of several types of cataract in the UK Leonberger population is described. Statistical support for the inheritance of posterior polar subcapsular cataract is given.     

桑园害虫朱砂叶螨的研究进展

朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinusBoisduval)是多食性主要农业害螨之一,与二斑叶螨(Tetranychus urticaeKoch)是近似种,寄主包括桑树在内的100多种植物。该螨可行孤雌生殖,由于被一类细胞质遗传的细菌Wolbachia寄生,种群雌雄比例严重偏斜。该螨个体小、发育快,对化学杀螨(虫)剂极易产生抗药性,故防治困难,而且桑园化学防治又危及家蚕的安全。对朱砂叶螨的分类、形态、行为、生态和防治学等方面的研究进展进行了综述,旨在对桑园朱砂叶螨的防治研究有所启迪。     

Efficacy of boric-complexed zinc and acetic-complexed zinc otic preparations for canine yeast otitis externa

The purpose of this 2-week, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of topical amino acid-complexed zinc gluconate formulated with boric acid (ZGB) or acetic acid (ZGA) versus a topical placebo in the treatment of yeast otitis externa in dogs. Included in the study were dogs with otitis externa and a cytopathological finding of yeast organisms in the affected ear. Ears were treated with the placebo, ZGA, or ZGB medications. Yeast counts as well as clinical appearance of the ears were monitored. Results revealed that ZGB significantly reduced the number of yeast organisms in cases of otitis externa.     

菜牛屠宰的现状和探索

牛肉和猪肉一样同为消费者餐桌上的必需副食品,同样涉及到卫生与安全问题,但其屠宰管理模式相距甚远。生猪的定点屠宰在1995年前后就在全国多数地方推行,在这期间得到了不断的提高和规范,特别是县城以上城市的生猪定点屠宰更趋规范,也积累了不少经验。但莱牛的屠宰就差异较大,从周边地区看,大多处于个人性质的小规模屠宰经营状态,也未能对其实行有效的监督管理,而使其处于自由宰杀、经营状态,使得牛肉的质量无法得到保障。最大的隐患是无法保障出场牛肉符合动物检疫要求,肉品的安全性存在问题。再是牛肉注水问题在一些地方呈普遍现象,消费者的合法权益受到了损害,因此有必要对此进行讨论和探索,以达到切实保障肉品安全卫生,保障消费者安全消费的目的。     

吉林省乳业发展的现状与对策

随着我国乳业经济的快速发展,吉林省乳业在发展过程中也取得了长足的进步和发展,但是在建设和发展过程中仍然存在许多问题,这些问题在很大程度上制约着吉林省乳业进一步健康发展。而发展乳业对吉林省农业结构优化和农民增收具有重要作用。文章分析了吉林省乳业发展现状及存在问题,进而提出吉林省乳业经济进一步发展的对策。     

旋光法测定硫酸新霉素(饲料级)含量

本文采用旋光法测定硫酸新霉素(饲料级)含量,结果表明,硫酸新霉素浓度为1500～15000U/mL时,浓度与旋光度呈良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9996(n=6)。与微生物法相比,旋光法具有简便、快速、易操作等优点。     

品种与日粮营养水平对鸡内脏器官质量及指数的影响

试验选取30日龄的云南茶花鸡、武定鸡、盐津乌鸡、AA肉鸡和土杂鸡等96只鸡,随机分为3组,分别饲喂3种不同的蛋白水平日粮,即16.5%、18%和19.5%,探讨日粮蛋白水平对30～60日龄的云南部分地方鸡、肉鸡及土杂鸡内脏器官指数的影响。试验结果表明:品种对各内脏质量及其指数均有显著的影响。肉鸡和土杂鸡的内脏器官质量显著高于云南地方鸡种,而地方鸡的总内脏指数、肠指数、胃指数、肝指数、心脏指数和肺指数均高于肉鸡和土杂鸡(P0.05)。品种间内脏指数随活质量的降低而增加。日粮蛋白水平对内脏质量及其指数的影响不显著。