山毛豆草粉颗粒料对肉兔的饲用价值评定

为探讨山毛豆(Tephrosia candida)草粉对肉兔的饲用价值,将60只新西兰青年肉兔分为5组,分别添加0％(对照),10％,20％,30％和40％的山毛豆草粉制成全价颗粒饲料,饲喂90 d后测定各组饲料的营养成分及肉兔采食量、日增重、料重比和屠宰性能.结果表明:山毛豆营养生长期粗蛋白含量为17.77％,肉兔对山毛豆中粗蛋白的消化率为78.09％,山毛豆的可消化总养分为56.18％.与对照组相比,添加20％草粉日增重达到20.80 g·d-1(P＜0.01);料重比为4.45∶ 1(P＜0.05)；屠宰率为57.78％(P＜0.01)；单位kg增重平均最低饲料成本差异显著(P＜0.05).因此,添加20％山毛豆草粉制成全价颗粒饲料可显著提高肉兔的生产性能和养殖效益.     

鸡山农场天然橡胶新品种抗性试验

高产优质抗病甘薯新品种湛薯407是广东省湛江市农业科学研究所以龙薯1号为母本、鸡母薯为父本，通过品种间杂交、多年多点综合鉴定选育而成。2008～2009年参加广东省甘薯新品种区域试验，2010年进行大田生产试验，各试验综合性状表现较好。该品种于2011年5月通过广东省农作物新品种鉴定，鉴定编号为粤审薯2011004。对湛薯407的品质性状、抗病性、产量等进行研究，结果表明：湛薯407薯干品质和食味较好，中抗薯瘟病，鲜薯和薯干产量与广薯111相比增产极显著，适应性广，适宜广东省各薯区种植。根据该品种的生长特性，还提供配套的栽培技术。     

苹果枝梢化学成分与对苹果绵蚜抗性的比较

果树对苹果绵蚜的抗性与多种因素有关。其中营养成分α-氨基氮的含量,以及毒性成分多酚(φ)的含量尤为重要。     

Frequency of and risk factors for epistaxis associated with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses: 251,609 race starts (1992-1997)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of epistaxis during or after racing among racehorses and identify factors associated with development of epistaxis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 247,564 Thoroughbred and 4,045 Anglo-Arab race starts. PROCEDURE: Race start information (breed, age, sex, racing distance, and race type) was obtained for Thoroughbred and Anglo-Arab horses racing in Japan Racing Association-sanctioned races between 1992 and 1997. All horses that raced were examined by a veterinarian within 30 minutes of the conclusion of the race; any horse that had blood at the nostrils was examined with an endoscope. If blood was observed in the trachea, epistaxis related to exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) was diagnosed. RESULTS: Epistaxis related to EIPH was identified following 369 race starts (0.15%). Frequency of EIPH-related epistaxis was significantly associated with race type, age, distance, and sex. Epistaxis was more common following steeplechase races than following flat races, in older horses than in horses that were 2 years old, following races < or =1,600 m long than following races between 1,601 and 2,000 m long, and in females than in sexually intact males. For horses that had an episode of epistaxis, the recurrence rate was 4.64%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that frequency of EIPH-related epistaxis in racehorses is associated with the horse's age and sex, the type of race, and the distance raced. The higher frequency in shorter races suggests that higher intensity exercise of shorter duration may increase the probability of EIPH.     

牛胚胎冷冻保存的研究进展

目前,牛的胚胎冷冻保存巳成为一种较成熟的常规技术,广泛应用于牛的繁殖科研与生产。本文回顾了牛胚冷冻保存技术的发展概况,对牛胚胎的常规冷冻技术、直接冷冻法及玻璃化冷冻技术的进展作了简要论述。     

大白菜游离小孢子培养中若干因素对胚状体诱导和植株再生影响

以多种类型的大白菜品系及F1为试材,探索了若干因素对大白菜游离小孢子培养效果的影响。结果表明：不同基因型的大白菜游离小孢子的成胚能力差异极大,产胚量最高的基因型达到187个／皿,最低的为0个／皿;NLN－13液体培养基中BA的浓度为0．2mg/L（毫克／升）,有利于小孢子胚状体的发生;NLN－13液体培养基中添加少量活性碳可明显促进小孢子胚状体的形成;大白菜小孢子植株在1／2MS＋3％蔗糖＋0．8％琼脂＋0．1mg/ml（毫克／升）NAA生根培养基上生根良好,将已生根的小孢子植株移到1／2塘土＋1／2粪土的盆中便可成活与生长。     

甘蔗野生资源对蔗茅柄锈菌的抗性鉴定

采用人工接种喷雾法对国家甘蔗种质资源圃保存的31份甘蔗野生资源材料进行了抗蔗茅柄锈菌(Puccinia erianthi Padw et Khan)的抗性鉴定。结果表明,31份材料中,高抗材料19份(61.3%),抗性材料3份(9.68%),中抗材料6份(19.36%),中感材料3份(9.68%)。其中斑茅种对蔗茅柄锈菌的抗病性较强,细茎野生种抗病性较差,较易感锈病。     

Apoptosis of implanted tumor of human primary gastric cancer cells in nude mice induced by resveratrol

AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanism of the apoptosis of implanted tumor of human primary gastric cancer cells in nude mice induced by resveratrol. METHODS: Human primary gastric cancer cells were planted into nude mice to establish the cancer model. Resveratrol at different doses were injected near the carcinoma on the nude mice. After treatment, transmission electron microscope and TUNEL staining method were used to detect the apoptosis of implanted tumor cells. Immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes bcl-2 and bax in implanted tumor. RESULTS: Resveratrol significantly inhibited carcinoma growth when it was injected near the carcinoma. The apoptotic cells in implanted tumor induced by resveratrol were detected by transmission electron microscope and TUNEL staining, immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR showed resveratrol inhibited bcl-2 expression and increased bax expression in human primary gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol inhibits implanted tumor of human primary gastric cancer cells in nude mice through inducing apoptosis. This apoptosis may be mediated by down-regulation of bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of bax expression.     

Effect of benefiting-bone Capsule on IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in rat osteoblasts in vitro

AIM: The effects of benefiting-bone Capsule (BBC) containing serum on IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in osteoblasts were studied.METHODS: (1) The neonate Sprague-dawley rat osteoblasts were cultured and divided into three groups: group Ⅰ (containing deactivating serum with BBC), group Ⅱ (containing deactivating serum without BBC) and group Ⅲ (DMEM medium group)； (2) RT-PCR was used to measure the relative IL-6 mRNA levels； (3) The radioimmunoassay method was used to examine IL-6 protein in the supernatant of the cultured osteoblasts. RESULTS: (1) The relative IL-6 mRNA levels was lower in group I than the control (P<0.05); (2) The IL-6 protein expression in osteoblasts was also lower in group I than the control (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest BBC drug-containing serum can down-regulate the expression of IL-6 mRNA and protein in osteoblasts, which may be one of the mechanisms of BBC preventing and treating osteoporosis.     

Effects of Ginkgolide B on glutamate-induced apoptosis and calcium overload in cultured rat cortical neurons

AIM: To observe the effects of ginkgolide B on the neuron apoptosis induced by glutamate and explore whether this effects are related to the changes of calcium in neurons. METHODS: Primary neuron culture was prepared according to a previously reported procedure with slight modification. Neuron damage was induced by 0.8 mmol/L glutamate. The cell survival rate was examined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. The neuron morphological changes, Hoechst 33258 unclear-staining analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA were measured as the indexes of cell apoptosis. Intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in neurons was measured by using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fura-2/AM. RESULTS: The cells, exposed to glutamate (0.8 mmol/L), showed characteristic change of apoptosis and calcium overload, which were relieved by the treatment of ginkgolide B (10-250 μmol/L), with survival increasing and cell morphology restoring and DNA fragment decreasing. CONCLUSIONS: Ginkgolide B prevents the neurons from glutamate neurotoxicity by inhibiting glutamate-induced apoptosis. The potential mechanism of its action may be related to the competitive PAF receptor binding of ginkgolide B and decreasing the intracellular calcium concentration in neurons.