便携式猪肉阻抗谱检测系统研制

基于生物阻抗谱检测原理,设计并实现了一个非破坏性的便携式肉品阻抗谱检测系统,主要包括信号发生单元和检测单元,信号源能够在0.1～250 kHz范围内自动扫频,检测单元由检测电极和增益、相位检测器构成。探讨了检测电极设计方案,比较分析了六钢针电极和四针石墨电极的性能,同时通过试验证明了系统的稳定性,1 kHz以上系统的变异系数CV＜6%;以组内相关系数ICC来评定在不同温度下系统的可靠性,系统模型中Ri、Re、C的ICC均大于65%,系统稳定可靠。选取猪肉样品进行了新鲜度指标与阻抗谱关系的初步研究,结果表明随着猪肉新鲜程度改变,猪肉复阻抗值、复阻抗实部值、复阻抗虚部值以及特征频率都表现出减小的趋势。     

Nitrous Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Vietnamese Soil Amended with Different Compost Types at High Temperature

This study aims to determine the effects of compost additions and high temperature on N₂O and CO₂ emissions from a Vietnamese agricultural soil. Soil samples amended with two compost types (commercial compost, SH and chicken compost, CC) at three rates of 1%, 2% and 4% w/w were aerobically incubated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C for 28 days in the laboratory. N₂O and CO₂ emissions were determined on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Our results showed that N₂O and CO₂ emissions were significantly affected by temperature, compost additions, and their interactions. Greater N₂O and CO₂ emissions were seen in CC treatments than SH treatments. Higher application rates of CC led to greater N₂O and CO₂ emissions. In SH treatments, higher temperature lowered N₂O emissions but did not affect CO₂ emissions. N₂O and CO₂ emissions were enhanced with CC addition while they showed different responses to increasing temperature.     

酶解牦牛血发酵液制备抗氧化肽工艺优化

为进一步提高牦牛血枯草芽胞杆菌发酵液多肽含量,对牦牛血发酵液进行酶解,以酶解液的·OH清除率、多肽含量为主要指标,筛选酶解发酵液的最适蛋白酶,通过单因素和响应面试验优化酶解工艺,并对比菌酶联合制备产物与发酵液体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,碱性蛋白酶酶解发酵液最佳条件为:酶解时间3 h、p H值9.5、酶解温度60℃和酶底比190 U·g-1,此条件下制备得到酶解液多肽含量为5.52mg·mL~(-1),较发酵液提高2.39倍。菌酶联合制备产物对·O2-及脂质过氧化的IC50分别为6.22、4.87mg·mL~(-1),发酵法制备产物对·O2-及脂质过氧化的IC50分别为8.42、11.71 mg·mL~(-1),且菌酶联合制备产物的还原力优于发酵制备产物。因此,菌酶联合制备牦牛血抗氧化肽法优于传统单一发酵法。本研究结果对提高牦牛血抗氧化肽得率,增加牦牛产品附加值具有重要的意义。     

新时期农业科研院所学科领域调整和布局的思考——以广东省农业科学院为例

学科建设作为一项综合性、系统性、长期性的基础建设工程,是科研院所的立院之本.文章通过简要分析新时期学科调整的背景和意义,分析了广东省农业科学院在学科建设方面取得的成绩以及存在的不足和短板,在此基础上,提出了加强顶层设计、坚持协同创新、强化条件建设、培育一流学科团队等促进学科建设的对策建议,以期为农业科研院所加强学科建设...     

“仙果”哈密瓜晒瓜处理后贮藏及生理特性的研究

以沪产"仙果"哈密瓜为试材,进行采前晒瓜处理,研究在温度3,5,8℃和常温贮藏条件下,哈密瓜采后贮藏期间果实生理代谢的变化。结果表明,晒瓜处理后低温贮藏,能有效地降低哈密瓜果实的腐烂,抑制了总酸、总糖、可溶性固形物含量和果实硬度的下降,显著延长哈密瓜的贮藏时间。以糖、酸含量和果实硬度、腐烂率为评价指标,确定5℃为"仙果"的适宜贮藏温度。     

棉花RNA的快速提取方法

目前已发展的从植物中提取RNA的方法有多种.但由于棉花中次生物质含量较高,因此有些方法并不适合于棉花RNA的提取.本文介绍经过反复实验后改进的棉花RNA的提取方法,它具有快速、简单等特点.     

Development of Researching the Synthetical Application of Compound Microorganisms

This article summarized that compound microorganisms had many advantages compared with single strain such as symbiosis, co prosperity co culture, so it can cut down the cost, unchain the feedback repression in fermentation and improve the efficiency of production. It described the resources, constitutes and physiological characteristics of compound microorganisms with examples, which displayed its superiority farther. It is showed that the application of compound microorganisms to the agriculture,industry,medicine and environment variable analyzed etc. The problems lying in the application of the compound microorganisms technology and some views on solving these problems. Compound microorganisms are expected to serve all the fields more and achieve more economic and social efficiency.     

Jagged1 knocking down in endothelial cells accelerates PDGF induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells in rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of Jagged1 expression in endothelial cells (EC) on platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in rat.METHODS: Rat aorta EC was inoculated in the lower chamber and VSMC were in the upper chamber of the cell coculture system. Three groups were divided: control, sicontrol and siJagged1. The EC Jagged1 protein expression was assayed by Western blotting to evaluate small RNA interfering (RNAi) efficiency. After the cells were cocultured with PDGF for 24 h, the proliferation and migration of VSMC were respectively evaluated by ［3H］-TdR incorporation and migrating cells counting. Protein expression of α-SM-actin in VSMC was assayed by Western blotting. RESULTS: The Jagged1 protein expression in EC was significantly lower in siJagged1 group than that in control group (0.26±0.02 vs 0.67±0.02, P<0.05), and no statistic significance was observed between control and sicontrol groups. The VSMC ［3H］-TdR incorporation and migration were higher in PDGF +siJagged1 group than those in PDGF group {［3H］-TdR incorporation (23 074±2 702) counts·min-1·well-1 vs (16 442±1 803)counts·min-1·well-1, n=5, P<0.05; migration (27±4) cells/field vs (15±3)cells/field, n=5, P<0.05}. The α-SM-actin protein in VSMC was lower in PDGF + siJagged1 group than that in PDGF group (0.25±0.06 vs 0.49±0.04, n=3, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Jagged1 knock down in rat EC accelerates PDGF induced proliferation and migration of VSMC. These results suggest that Jagged1 expression in EC plays an important role in maintaining VSMC contract phenotype and inhibiting VSMC overgrowth after arterial injury.     

玉米机械精量播种技术在彰武地区的应用研究

介绍几年来彰武县玉米精量播种技术的推广应用情况,通过与传统播种方式田间对比试验,证明采用精量播种技术种植玉米具有节本增效、省时省工、增产增收的优势,并指出玉米机械精量播种技术实施过程中的关键环节。     

Mechanical insights into the effect of fluctuation in soil moisture on nitrous oxide emissions from paddy soil

Paddy fields are subjected to fluctuating water regimes as a result of the alternate drying and wetting water management, which often incurs a sensitive change in N₂O emissions from paddy soils. However, how the soil moisture regulates the emission of N₂O from paddy soil remains uncertain. In this study, three incubation experiments were designed to study the effects of constant and fluctuating soil moisture on N₂O emission and the sources of N₂O emission from paddy soil. Results showed that the N₂O emission from paddy soil at 100 % WHC (water-holding capacity) was higher than that at 40, 65, 80, 120, and 160 % WHC, indicating that 100 % WHC was the optimum soil moisture content for N₂O emission under the incubation experiment. Small peak of N₂O flux appeared when the soil moisture content from 250 % WHC decreased near to 100 % WHC, lower than that triggered by nitrogen (N) fertilization, which was mainly owing to the low NH₄ ⁺ concentration at this period. Nitrification dominated the emissions of N₂O from paddy soil at 250 % WHC (54.96 %), higher than that of nitrification-coupled denitrification (6.74 %) and denitrification (38.3 %). The contribution of denitrification to N₂O emissions (44.10 %) was equivalent to that of nitrification (44.45 %) in soil at 100 % WHC, which was higher than that of 250 % WHC treatment. In conclusion, the finding suggested that the peak of N₂O in paddy soils during midseason aeration could be attributed to the occurrence of optimum soil moisture under sufficient N availability, favorable for the production and accumulation of N₂O.