水稻除草剂敏感基因导入恢复系的研究

以农林８号ｍ为主体亲本与优良恢复系杂交,成功地将除草剂（苯达松）敏感基因转育到恢复系中,携带该基因的恢复系不但对苯达松敏感（抽穗期用１８００￣２７００ｍｌ／ｈｍ＾２苯达松喷施可使整穗或整株死亡）,而且所配组合具有较强的杂种优势。     

河套灌区覆盖对盐渍土壤养分迁移与分布的影响

在河套灌区对盐渍土壤覆盖后进行秋浇田间试验,研究不同覆盖下秋浇、冻融及玉米生育期3个阶段的土壤养分含量变化规律。试验设7个处理,分别为秸秆覆盖量1.2(F1.2)、0.9(F0.9)、0.6(F0.6)、0.3 kg/m2(F0.3)、玉米整秆覆盖(YZ)、地膜覆盖(DM)、未覆盖(CK)。结果表明,秋浇后地下水位较高,秋浇至冻融期间土壤水分与地下水具有补排关系,土壤养分的转化、迁移同时发生,秋浇后至冻融期内土壤养分的变化规律复杂;地表覆盖改变了土壤的水土环境,不同处理间养分含量存在差异,在试验期内全效养分的变化幅度较小,速效养分变化幅度较大;分析玉米播前耕层土壤供肥能力,秸秆覆盖处理的全氮、全磷含量小但供应强度大,春播时需补充氮肥、磷肥,以保证作物的生长。秸秆覆盖处理的全钾含量与钾素供应强度均高于CK,与CK相比较,秸秆覆盖使耕层土壤较好地满足了玉米播种及后续生长过程中的钾肥需求;相同施肥条件下,经过一年试验后,对于土壤耕层,处理DM的全氮含量较试验前降低了0.10 g/kg,其余处理变化幅度较小。各处理的全磷含量较试验前增加。处理CK、DM的全钾含量较试验前增加,处理F1.2、F0.9降低了全钾含量。处理YZ、F1.2和DM的碱解氮含量升高,其余处理则降低。各处理的速效钾、速效磷含量均较试验前升高。处理F1.2、F0.9和CK的有机质含量较试验前增加,其余处理则降低。     

麦后直播和裸苗移栽早熟棉生长动态差异性研究

2009-2010年在大田条件下研究了相同种植密度（9．00万株·hm^（-2））下早熟棉品种中棉所50在麦后直播和麦后裸苗移栽2种种植方式的营养与生殖生长动态。结果表明,麦后直播早熟棉9月下旬的单株根干物质质量明显低于麦后移栽棉,但地上部（茎和叶）干物质质量、叶面积及叶面积系数却明显高于麦后移栽早熟棉;并且,麦后直播早熟棉在8月中下旬的蕾数、9月下旬的铃数显著高于麦后移栽棉。这表明麦后直播棉在中后期的地上部营养生长和生殖生长仍然旺盛,导致其霜前子棉率低,总子棉产量显著低于麦后移栽棉。     

Anti-Mycobacterial Nucleoside Antibiotics from a Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. TPU1236A

Five new nucleoside antibiotics, named streptcytosines A–E (1–5), and six known compounds, de-amosaminyl-cytosamine (6), plicacetin (7), bamicetin (8), amicetin (9), collismycin B (10), and SF2738 C (11), were isolated from a culture broth of Streptomyces sp. TPU1236A collected in Okinawa, Japan. The structures of new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data (HRFABMS, IR, UV, and 2D NMR experiments including ¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY spectra). Streptcytosine A (1) belonged to the amicetin group antibiotics, and streptcytosines B–E (2–5) were derivatives of de-amosaminyl-cytosamine (6), 2,3,6-trideoxyglucopyranosyl cytosine. Compound 1 inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis (MIC = 32 µg/mL), while compounds 2–5 were not active at 50 µg/disc. Bamicetin (8) and amicetin (9) showed the MICs of 16 and 8 µg/mL, respectively.     

Transgene introgression from Brassica napus to different varieties of Brassica juncea

Transgene introgression from transgenic rapeseed (Brassica napus) to different varieties of B. juncea was assessed in this study. Crossability between a transgenic rapeseed line Z7B10 (pollen donor) and 80 cultivars of 16 B. juncea varieties (including two wild accessions) was estimated by artificial pollination in a greenhouse. As a result, interspecific crossability between the transgenic Z7B10 line and the 80 B. juncea cultivars varied considerably, with seeds per flower from 0.00–10.67. Seed germination rates of the interspecific F₁ hybrids ranged from 49.0%–89.3%. The estimated frequencies of natural gene flow from the transgenic Z7B10 line to 10 B. juncea cultivars with different uses in the experiment field varied from 0.08% to 0.93%. The natural F₁ hybrids were highly sterile, with seeds per silique ranging from 0.27 to 1.03. In addition, seeds per flower of hybrid descendants varied from 0.02 to 0.22 when F₁ hybrids were self‐pollinated, and those ranged from 0.03 to 0.30 when F₁ hybrids were backcrossed with their corresponding B. juncea parents. Results of this study suggest a low level of transgene introgression from transgenic rapeseed to different B. juncea varieties, which provides a sound scientific basis for the safety management of coexisting transgenic B. napus and B. juncea varieties in China.     

优质籼稻扬稻6号库、源、流特性研究

 以生产主栽杂交稻汕优 6 3为对照 ,研究了优质高产多抗新品种扬稻 6号的库、源、流特性。结果表明 ,扬稻 6号库容较大 ,填库能力强 ;株叶型配置好 ,透光率强 ,消光系数小 ,叶绿素含量高 ,光合产物积累量大 ,尤其是抽穗至成熟期光合作用能力强 ,粒叶比高 ;花后光合产物对籽粒充实的贡献大 ,源库间流的通畅性好 ,库、源、流能在较高水平上协调是扬稻 6号及其作亲本资源配制杂交稻两优培九等组合优质高产的主要成因     

玉米茎秆切断装置对比

对玉米茎秆切断-喂入一体化技术进行研究,分析了往复刀式、甩刀式和圆盘刀式3种玉米茎秆切断装置的优缺点,提出我国玉米收获过程中,需要大力发展茎秆先切断再喂入技术,重点研制推广装有圆盘刀式秸秆切断装置的玉米收获机。      

印第安纳沙门菌环介导等温扩增检测方法的建立

旨在解决印第安纳沙门菌传统检测方法的缺陷,建立快速、特异、灵敏的分子检测方法.通过比较基因组学方法获取印第安纳沙门菌特异性检测靶标,进一步设计用于环介导等温扩增的引物组.通过对反应条件优化,建立针对印第安纳沙门菌的特异性分子检测方法.结果显示,该检测方法特异性强、耗时短,检测下限为59拷贝?反应-1.应用该方法对临床分...     

大栗鳃金龟生物学特性与防治研究

大栗鳃金龟自１９８５年首次在临夏太子山林区发生后，以５年为一周期于１９９０年、１９９５年定期发生。该虫以幼虫和成虫在土壤内越冬，也以幼虫和成虫对林木幼苗造成巨大为害。幼虫期采用５０％辛硫磷乳剂６００倍液、８０％敌敌畏乳剂６００倍液，防治效果达９０％以上。成虫期采用黑光灯诱杀、人工捕捉，２５％氧乐菊酿乳剂８００倍液或“６６６”烟剂防治，均能收到很好的效果。     

乳源木莲混交林种内及种间竞争研究

利用单木竞争指数模型 ,研究富口和黄坑乳源木莲种内和种间的竞争强度的大小 ,结果表明 :间伐时间的不同 ,对乳源木莲种内与种间竞争强度影响很大 ,富口和黄坑种间竞争均大于种内竞争 ,但黄坑的乳源木莲种内和种间的竞争强度均大于富口 .竞争指数与对象木胸径符合幂函数关系 ,并达到显著水平 ,乳源木莲种内、种间及整个林分的竞争强度随着对象木胸径的增大而下降 ,并维持在较低的水平