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81.
An artificial oyster‐shell reef for the culture and stock enhancement of sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus,in shallow seawater 下载免费PDF全文
Libin Zhang Tao Zhang Qinzeng Xu Tianlong Qiu Hongsheng Yang Shilin Liu 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(9):2260-2269
Because of its high nutritional value and health benefits, aquaculture production of Apostichopus japonicus in China is the largest of any single species. Therefore, the development of new farming methods is of considerable significance. In this study, discarded oyster shells have been used to create an artificial reef for the culture of this species. The results have shown that from 6th March 2009 to 26th November 2009, the wet weight of sea cucumber increased from 49.57 ± 1.16 to 79.87 ± 1.46 g ind?1. Between 16th July and 18th October, the specific growth rate and daily weight gain of A. japonicus differed significantly from other periods. Population density was higher within the reef compared with outside the reef area, and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). The maximum distance between A. japonicus individuals within the reef area on 3rd March and 16th July was 65.0 ± 3.3 and 62.9 ± 4.4 cm, respectively, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). The diatom species attached to the oyster shells were similar to those found in the stomach content of A. japonicus. In conclusion, the oyster‐shell reef provides a suitable habitat and shelter for the culture of the sea cucumber, A. japonicus. 相似文献
82.
Jin‐Long Yang Shu‐Heng Li Wei‐Yang Bao Hideki Yamada Hitoshi Kitamura 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(1):155-162
Metamorphic responses of pediveliger larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis to different ions were investigated through a series of bioassays. Effects of tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) on inductive effects of these above ions were also investigated. Excess ions including Li+, Cs+, Rb+ and Ca2+ induced larval metamorphosis at 10?3 M to 5 × 10?2 M in 24‐h exposure assays. In continuous exposure assays, only excess Ca2+ showed inductive activity and induced 25% metamorphosis at 5 × 10?2 M. Larval responses to Li+ and Rb+were inhibited by TEA, while induction of metamorphosis by Cs+and Ca2+ was independent of the presence of TEA. Thus, these ions used can be useful inducers of larval metamorphosis for application in the aquaculture industry. The finding provides new insights on the biochemical mechanism controlling larval metamorphosis in this species. 相似文献
83.
Plant diversity of secondary forests in response to anthropogenic disturbance levels in montane regions of northeastern China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The effects of anthropogenic disturbances on forest structure and plant diversity of secondary forest ecosystems were evaluated
based on the classification by site factors in the montane regions of northeastern China. Forty-five sample plots containing
720 sub-plots of overstory species (8 m × 8 m), 1,440 quadrats of understory species (2 m × 2 m), and 1,440 quadrats of herbaceous
layer species (1 m × 1 m) were clustered into five groups (G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5) by site variables with Hierarchical Cluster
Analysis. Meanwhile, the disturbance levels corresponding to the five groups were determined according to the factors influencing
human disturbances (D0-G2, D1-G1, D2-G3, D3-G5, and D4-G4). Species diversities of overstory, understory, herbaceous layer
and overall species were evaluated using species number, Margalef index, Pielou index, Shannon–Wiener index, and Simpson index;
and β-diversities (Whittaker index, Cody index). Basal area of stands exhibited a decreasing trend along the disturbance level
due to a gradual increase in the extraction of timber by the human disturbances. The indices of species diversity suggested
that overstory and understory species were distributed evenly among the groups or disturbance levels. There were no absolutely
dominant tree species in the secondary forest ecosystems. The differences in site factors and the current disturbance intensities
were not intense enough to lead to loose changes in overstory and understory species. The species diversity indices exhibited
the maximum values at D3 (G5) for herbaceous layer species; this may suggest that the current disturbance intensities were
intense enough to lead the changes of herbaceous layer species. Three rare and endangered species (Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica and Acanthopanax senticosus) were found within the secondary forests. These rare and endangered species appeared in each clustered group or disturbance
level, which suggested that the current disturbance intensity in the study area was not strong enough to influence the distribution
of rare and endangered species. The current disturbances in the secondary forests may not lead to a decrease in stability
and complexity of the overstory and understory species, but the higher disturbance level may be intense enough to change the
habitat fitness for the herbaceous species.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized authors. 相似文献
84.
横断山北部是我国地理环境独特和生物多样性最丰富的地区之一,其生态恢复与重建对整个长江流域的水土流失治理及生态安全具有重要的现实意义,故一直受到国内外学术界的高度关注。但由于近40年来人类活动和气候环境的变化,其林木蓄积量大幅度减少,水土流失日趋严重,生态环境破碎化,部分野生动植物资源已濒临灭绝,已有研究表明属生态脆弱区。尽管该区实施退耕还林工程和天然林保护工程已四年,但因该区域有关生态环境(包括土壤钾素养分等)的基础研究资料较少,生态重建进度仍很缓慢。 相似文献
85.
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87.
运用打浆和超声波提取法,以及反相高效液相色谱法,对不同采收期迷迭香中的鼠尾草酸质量分数进行检测,以此确定其最佳采收期.结果表明:鼠尾草酸质量分数从7月份开始下降,到9月中旬降至最低,然后开始升高,到10月中旬达到最高,从而可以确定其最佳采收期为10月份. 相似文献
88.
黑曲霉A9葡萄糖氧化酶的酶学性质研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
为研究葡萄糖氧化酶的酶学性质,对黑曲霉A9发酵液提取纯化,酶蛋白达到电泳纯,然后对纯酶进行酶学性质研究。结果表明:葡萄糖氧化酶的分子量为138 200 Da,糖基化程度为2.67%,最适pH为6.7,最适温度为30℃,该酶的pH稳定范围较宽,而且热稳定性很好,Ag+、Hg2+、亚硫酸氢钠对酶有强烈的抑制作用,该酶对葡萄糖的Km值为35.74 mmol/L。该研究表明,黑曲霉葡萄糖氧化酶具有潜在的应用价值,最适合应用于食品、医药及生物等领域。 相似文献
89.
为了明确在单粒播种条件下田间出苗率对玉米产量的影响,以蒙特卡罗二项分布作缺苗模拟,以Voronoi图分配缺苗土地,通过对产量-密度方程进行数学恒等变换计算产量补偿,模拟了2种单粒播策略的玉米产量随出苗率(75%~95%)的变化。结果表明,缺苗斑数目与出苗率呈单峰曲线关系,缺苗斑大小随出苗率呈负指数下降;单粒播造成0.06%~16.78%的减产,且减产率随出苗率下降而增加;两种单粒播策略的产量大小和产量稳定性均有差异,且差异随出苗率下降而扩大。该研究推荐的玉米单粒播策略是:在千方百计提高出苗率基础上,播种的种子数目应当等于目标种植密度除以出苗率、保证出苗的植株数目达到推荐种植密度。该结论对于在玉米生产上广泛采用单粒精量播种具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
90.