雄蜂蛹中硝基呋喃类代谢物含量的测定及超标原因分析

雄蜂蛹中硝基呋喃类抗生素尤其是呋喃西林代谢物-氨基脲(SEM)残留超标是困扰我国雄蜂蛹出口的一个难题。本文对不同日龄雄蜂蛹中硝基呋喃类代谢物含量进行了测定,并对超标原因进行了分析。测定结果表明,在蜂群没有使用任何硝基呋喃类药物情况下,各日龄雄蜂蛹中的SEM含量依然严重超标,随着日龄的增长,雄蜂蛹中的SEM含量大幅增长,特别是16d以后,每过2d,含量增加2μg/kg左右。推测雄蜂蛹中SEM含量超标是非人为因素造成的,可能与雄蜂蛹生长后期体内甲壳素含量的增加相关。     

鲁梅克斯K-1杂交酸模在盐渍化土地适应性栽培效果分析

对临泽盐渍化土地栽培的鲁梅克斯K－1杂交酸模，进行了植物学特征、耐盐碱、抗寒性、营养价值，根系及土壤含盐量等性状的分析，发现鲁梅克斯K－1杂交酸模在含盐量1．15％土壤环境生长良好，其根组织能耐盐碱，且0－5cm土层含盐量可下降37．05％－50．58％，年可收获优质干草12．4t/hm^2，开发利用潜力巨大。     

Cryptosporidiosis in buffalo calves (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bubalus bubalis</Emphasis>): Prevalence and potential risk factors

The objective of the present study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors associated with cryptosporidiosis in buffalo calves in Middle Egypt. During one year, 458 fecal samples were collected from buffalo calves less than 3 month age in 55 small scale herds and examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Data describing age, gender, season, and herd management practices were gathered to assess potential risk factors. Fecal examination showed that 14.19% of the examined calves were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. Calves at 1-15 days were at the highest risk (P < 0.001), and a significant relationship between season and infection (P < 0.05) was recorded. A significant association between infection and hygiene (P < 0.001), type of floor (P < 0.01) and source of water (P < 0.01) was also recorded. Statistical analysis concerning the clinical signs and fecal characteristics revealed a significant association with fecal consistency (P < 0.001), presence of blood (P < 0.01) and mucous (P < 0.01). Moreover, a significant association was found between infection and the desire for suckling (P < 0.05) and tenesmus (P < 0.05). The results of the present study demonstrated the strong relation between infections by Cryptosporidium spp. and diarrhea in buffalo calves.     

母兔腹腔镜辅助微创卵巢子宫切除术

母兔卵巢子宫摘除术为异宠临床诊疗中常见的手术之一,本手术为使用腹腔镜辅助,配合电凝刀进行母兔卵巢子宫摘除微创手术。手术麻醉采用右美托咪定诱导麻醉,气管插管后给予异氟烷混合纯氧吸入麻醉进行维持麻醉。利用气腹仪充入CO2提供腹腔内可进行手术的操作空间,使用腹腔镜配合电凝刀在动物腹腔内电凝及切断双侧卵巢血管及韧带,并牵引卵巢子宫至体外结扎子宫颈。手术平均用时30 min,术后平均5 min恢复自主意识,手术创口为三个大约5 mm的切口,术后预后良好。     

富含乳脂肪球膜蛋白乳清粉中总磷脂的含量测定方法研究

建立富含乳脂肪球膜蛋白乳清粉中测定总磷脂的方法,采用甲醇-三氯甲烷提取,经过高温灼烧,用钼蓝比色法测定无机磷的含量,再乘以系数26.31折算成试样中总磷脂的含量,该法标曲线性关系良好(R2=0.9990),回收率＞90%,RSD<3%。该法简单,准确率高,可用于富含乳脂肪球膜蛋白中总磷脂的测定。     

区域性饲料企业:生存,必须勤练内功——原料篇

<正>目前,中国饲料业虽然呈激烈竞争态势,但人均饲料占有量远远达不到欧美国家的水平,饲料入户率也比较低。同时,虽然一些一线品牌企业在业内声名赫赫,但却还没有一家企业     

Circulating oxidative stress status in dromedary camels infested with sarcoptic mange

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between radical-generating and radical-scavenging activity, resulting in oxidation products and tissue damage. This study was aimed to evaluate the status of oxidative stress indices in blood of camels naturally infested with S. scabiei. Forty-seven male camels (Camelus dromedaries) were divided according to the extent of the infested area with Sarcoptes scabiei into four groups, mild (MID, n = 12), moderate (MOD, n = 10), severely infested (SEV, n = 10) and healthy control group (n = 15). Blood was used for determination of red cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), serum nitric oxide (NO^•, a free radical), ascorbate and albumin concentrations, and erythrocytic values of malondialdehyde (MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation), protein carbonyls (PC, an indicator of protein oxidation), glutathione (GSH) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Decreased levels (P < 0.05) of RBC, Hb, PCV, albumin and ascorbate were noticed in MOD and SEV compared to controls with the lowest values (P < 0.05) in SEV except for ascorbate, where MOD did not differ from SEV. Compared to controls, NO^• gradually increased (P < 0.05) in MID followed by MOD and SEV, whereas MDA and PC were higher (P < 0.05) in MOD and SEV. PC was higher (P < 0.05) in MOD than SEV. In addition, the antioxidants GSH, SOD and CAT were higher (P < 0.05) in MID and lower (P < 0.05) in MOD and SEV compared to controls. GSH was lower (P < 0.05) in SEV compared to MOD. Besides, Hb was negatively correlated with NO^• (r = −0.68, P < 0.001), MDA (r = −0.53, P < 0.001) and PC (r = −0.73, P < 0.001). In conclusion, dromedary sarcoptosis is accompanied by a state of oxidative stress process, which increased by increasing the area of infestation, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.     

黄山市对做好旅游城市动物卫生监督工作的探索

黄山市位于安徽省南部,境内旅游资源丰富,景观独特,以奇松、怪石、云海、温泉"四绝"著称于世,1985年,黄山作为唯一的山岳风光,被评选为全国十大风景名胜之一。2010年旅游接待量达到1001.3万     

Expression kinetics of chicken β2-microglobulin and Class I MHC in vitro and in vivo during Marek’s disease viral infections

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is a highly cell-associated herpesvirus that causes a disease in chickens characterized by tumor formation and immunosuppression. The changes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression in different MDV-infected cells are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the expression of the Class I MHC and β2-microglobulin (β2m) genes in response to MDV infection at different time points by real-time PCR. In both in vitro and in vivo, the expression levels of Class I MHC and β2m genes were upregulated during early MDV infections in comparison to control cells; We also found that the expression of Class I MHC gene was downregulated in BudR (5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine)-treated MSB1 cells at 48 h and MDV-infected chicken embryo fibroblast cells (CEF) at 120 and 168 h post infection (hpi); Furthermore, compared to control groups, Class I MHC and β2m expression levels were downregulated in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLC) from MDV-infected chickens at 14 and 28 days post infection (dpi); Interestingly, both Class I MHC and β2m gene expression levels increased again in PBLC from MDV RB1B-infected chickens at 35 dpi, in which MDV was in the latent or transformed infection stages. In addition, Class I MHC expression was clearly decreased in MDV-infected CEF at 120 hpi although β2m expression was significantly increased. These changes in Class I MHC and β2m gene expression might provide more insights into host-virus interaction.