芷江白蜡虫优势寄生蜂发生规律及综合防治

湖南芷江是我国传统的虫白蜡产区,素有"白蜡之乡"的美誉,但因受病虫害及气候条件等影响,芷江虫白蜡生产上一直未能实现种虫自给自足。本文研究了芷江白蜡虫生产过程中寄生蜂发生规律及综合防治方法,结果表明:芷江白蜡虫种虫生产上受寄生蜂危害严重,寄生率最高达91.3%,平均为56.1%,大量引发白蜡虫种虫绝收,寄生蜂危害是导致芷江长期不能规模化培育白蜡虫种虫的最直接原因。跳小蜂科的白蜡虫阔柄跳小蜂、白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂、中华花翅跳小蜂是白蜡虫优势寄生蜂,种群数量占寄生蜂混合种群数量的90%以上。7月至10月是寄生蜂危害高峰期。寄生蜂的优势种类结构及发生规律与云南昆明等白蜡虫种虫传统产区相比有明显差异,建议抓住优势种群危害高峰期,开展白蜡虫寄生蜂的综合控制。     

我国农机标准化建设发展探析

为促进我国农机事业快速、健康发展，论述全面推进农机标准化建设的背景及条件，探讨加快农机标准化建设对我国农业发展的重要现实意义，总结我国农机标准化建设中存在的主要问题，并提出切实可行的发展措施。     

毛竹种子内生真菌的分离与分子鉴定

从毛竹种子中分离得到不同形态特征的内生真菌7株,通过菌落形态特征、r DNA-ITS片段的扩增、克隆、序列测定和生物信息学分析等手段,对其中的5个菌株进行鉴定。确认2号菌株为枝孢属枝状枝孢,是一种重要的致霉菌。4号和7号菌株属于刺盘孢属,能引起竹炭疽病,是种常见的竹杆部病害。5号菌株为竹黄属竹黄菌,能使竹子患赤团子病,但竹黄具有重要的药用价值。虽然2号与6号菌株菌落形态不尽相同,但鉴定为同一种菌。     

BI-2000图像分析系统在家兔失血性休克实验中的应用

家兔失血性休克实验是《医学机能学》实验中的一个重要组成部分,在日常教学过程中,传统经典实验只观察血压的变化,针对这一问题,我院引进BI-2000图像分析系统,并在2014级临床医学教改班家兔失血性休克实验中应用,使学生对于休克发生、进展的机制有了更深刻的理解,对休克各期微循环血液灌流的变化特点有了更直观的认识。     

Analysis of Inter-Individual Bacterial Variation in Gut of Cicada Meimuna mongolica (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Intestinal bacterial community plays a crucial role in the nutrition, development, survival, and reproduction of insects. When compared with other insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts, the habitats of cicada nymphs and adults are totally different. However, little is known about the differences in the gut bacterial communities in the nymphs and adults within any cicada species. The diversity of bacteria in the gut of nymphs and adults of both genders of Meimuna mongolica (Distant) was studied using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method. Few inter-individual variations among gut microbiota were observed, suggesting that M. mongolica typically harbors a limited and consistent suite of bacterial species. Bacteria in the genera Pseudomonas and Enterobacter were the predominant components of the gut microflora of M. mongolica at all life stages. Bacteria of Pantoea, Streptococcus, and Uruburuella were also widespread in the cicada samples but at relatively lower concentrations. The relative stability and similarity of the PCR-DGGE patterns indicate that all individuals of this cicada species harbor a characteristic bacterial community which is independent from developmental stages and genders. Related endosymbionts that could be harbored in bacteromes of cicadas were not detected in any gut samples, which could be related to the cicada species and the distribution of these endosymbionts in the cicada cavity, or due to some of the possible limitations of PCR-DGGE community profiling. It is worthwhile to further address if related cicada endosymbiont clades distribute in the alimentary canals and other internal organs through diagnostic PCR using group-specific primer sets.     

1990—2019年阿拉尔垦区植被覆盖时空变化特征分析

监测植被覆盖变化对区域生态环境评价和可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于Landsat遥感影像和相关统计数据,运用像元二分模型和重心转移模型等方法分析阿拉尔垦区1990—2019年近30年的植被覆盖时空变化特征。结果表明：1990—2019年,阿拉尔垦区平均植被覆盖面积呈增加趋势,高和极高植被覆盖区的面积呈增加趋势,差异显著,分别增加了674 km²和1 147 km²;阿拉尔垦区植被覆盖变化存在时段性和区域性差异,时段上,2005—2010年垦区西北部开始出现植被,以中覆盖类型为主,区域上,垦区西北部植被覆盖的增加趋势最显著;近30年,垦区植被覆盖重心整体向东北方向转移;气候对阿拉尔垦区植被覆盖变化有一定的影响,但人类活动影响最直接。在未来发展中应注重保护自然植被,有计划地开垦土地,合理调整垦区农业结构,科学分配水权,保证垦区生态用水,实现可持续发展。