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Anna Giannina Perugini Maria Rosaria Carullo Assunta Esposito Vincenzo Caligiuri Federico Capuano Giorgio Galiero Giuseppe Iovane 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(4):387-392
In the last two decades, the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, among them Salmonella, has become
a serious health hazard worldwide, and specifically the high incidence of multidrug resistance has been encountered widely
in many European countries. This study examines the antimicrobial supsceptibility of Salmonella enterica strains Typhimurium
and Enteritidis isolated in Campania and Calabria region (Southern Italy) from animal and food of animal origin. The relationship
of antibiotic resistance phenotype and the presence of some resistance genes has been also investigated. As espected, our
results showes that resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracycline is common, although
resistance to other antibiotics (i.e.:nalidixic acid) and other resistance patterns occur. The genetic resistant patterns
have been partially described for this food-borne pathogen but efforts are needed to realize the complete characterization
of antimicrobial resistance genes. 相似文献
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Nicola Mori Francesco Pavan Nazareno Reggiani Mirko Bacchiavini Luca Mazzon Samanta Paltrinieri Assunta Bertaccini 《Journal of pest science》2012,85(1):23-28
The phytoplasmas associated with bois noir (BN) tuf-type a are transmitted to grapevines by means of Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret using Urtica dioica L. as the inoculum source. In the period 2003–2008, a research was carried out in six vineyards of northern Italy where a
large amount of nettles in the ditches surrounding vineyards was detected. The aim was to establish the nettle control effects
on the presence of H. obsoletus and new symptomatic grapevines. PCR and RFLP analyses showed the presence of the BN tuf-type a phytoplasmas in symptomatic
grapevines of all vineyards and in the vector. Weed control strategies along ditches were always associated with decreases
in nettle coverage and H. obsoletus numbers. A reduction in the percentage of new symptomatic grapevines occurred in all vineyards except for one vineyard where
the least reduction in nettle and H. obsoletus was observed. The decrease in H. obsoletus population was significantly correlated with a decrease in nettles along ditches, and the reduction in H. obsoletus population was correlated with a decrease in incidence of new symptomatic grapevines compared with the incidence before the
application of weed control measures. Nettle weeding can reduce the incidence of BN tuf-type a, but weed control costs and
impacts need to be considered. 相似文献
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Effects of on‐demand feeding on sea urchin larvae (Paracentrotus lividus; Lamarck, 1816), development,survival and microalgae utilization 下载免费PDF全文
Gianni Brundu Dario Vallainc Maura Baroli Assunta Maria Figus Alessio Pinna Stefano Carboni 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1550-1560
This study compared the growth of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured using two different rearing methods: a variable method based on a variable amount of feed (microalgae) and seawater exchange (30% or 50%) established according to the phytoplankton concentration in the larval cultures and a fixed method characterized by a fixed amount of feed and seawater exchange. Three microalgae diets, Isochrysis sp. (Tahitian strain, T‐Iso), Chaetoceros gracilis and a 50:50 mixed diet, were tested with both rearing methods. Larval development and survival were assessed at the 6‐arm pluteus stage (P6), competence (Cp) and metamorphosis (Mt). Data showed that the variable method reduced the requirements for phytoplankton and seawater exchange. Indeed, through the optimization of feed rations, it was possible to reduce the production of debris and settled phytoplankton, minimizing the need for water exchanges. Higher larval survival resulted at Cp and Mt stages for those reared with the variable method as opposed to the fixed one. Survival and development were also influenced by the tested dietary treatments: at Mt stage, the mixed diet resulted in a higher larval survival (63.3 ± 8.9%) than T‐Iso (19.7 ± 12.1%) and C. gracilis (23.4 ± 15.1%) (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the use of the variable method improves the larval survival and development and also it reduces resource consumption (phytoplankton, seawater use and work effort), which in turn could potentially improve the hatchery production of P. lividus. 相似文献
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Phytoplasma: ecology and genomic diversity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT The recent development of molecular-based probes such as mono- and polyclonal antibodies, cloned phytoplasma DNA fragments, and phytoplasma-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has allowed for advances in detection and identification of uncultured phytoplasmas (formerly called mycoplasma-like organisms). Comprehensive phylogenetic studies based on analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) or both 16S rRNA and ribosomal protein gene operon sequences established the phylogenetic position of phytoplasmas as members of the class Mollicutes, and the revealed phylogenetic interrelationships among phytoplasmas formed a basis for their classification. Based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences, phytoplasmas are currently classified into 14 groups and 38 subgroups that are consistent with groups delineated based on phylogenetic analysis using parsimony of 16S rRNA gene sequences. In the past decades, numerous phyto-plasma strains associated with plants and insect vectors have been identified using molecular-based tools. Genomic diversity of phytoplasma groups appears to be correlated with their sharing common insect vectors, host plants, or both in nature. The level of exchange of genetic information among phytoplasma strains in a given group is determined by three-way, vector-phytoplasma-plant interactions. A putative mechanism for the creation of new ecological niches and the evolution of new ecospecies is proposed. 相似文献
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M. Šeruga D. Škorić S. Botti S. Paltrinieri N. Juretić A. F. Bertaccini 《Forest Pathology》2003,33(2):113-125
Leaf and branch samples were collected from 10 Populus nigra L. ‘Italica’ trees found in the Zagreb urban area. One of the P. nigra L. ‘Italica’ trees exhibited leaf yellowing, overall sparse foliage, stunting and decline. Two methods for the nucleic acid extraction in the phytoplasma detection from P. nigra were compared. A phytoplasma from the aster yellows group (16SrI) was detected by PCR in the symptomatic as well as in four apparently asymptomatic plants. The pathogens are classified, by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene plus the spacer region, as members of a newly described subgroup 16SrI‐P. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S ribosomal and spacer region sequence confirmed their close relationship with the other members of the aster yellows group. However, RFLP analyses of other conserved genes such as tuf, BB88 and ribosomal protein rpL22 gene, clearly confirmed that this is a molecularly distinguishable phytoplasma belonging to a new ribosomal protein subgroup designated rp‐O. 相似文献
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TFEB links autophagy to lysosomal biogenesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Donato Antonio RAELE Domenico GALANTE Maria Assunta CAFIERO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1315-1317
In June 2014, a male stray dog was recovered at Ente Nazionale di Protezione Animali
(ENPA) kennel of Manfredonia, Apulia region, showing oral bleeding and physical
prostration. The dog fell in a water canal and was trapped. During the clinical
examination, a specimen of leech was revealed into its oral cavity. The parasite, probably
entered by drinking unfiltered and contaminated water, has been identified as an adult of
aquatic leech Limnatis nilotica. Leeches could overrun wide variety of
animals, and few reports about blood sucking leech infestations in mammals are available
in literature. This paper describes here the first oral hirudiniasis in a dog in Italy and
highlights the possibility of human nasopharyngeal leech-related infection in Apulia
region. 相似文献