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71.
现场试验是获得城市透水面雨水下渗特性的重要手段。为了探索和验证城市透水面集水效应的现场试验方法,并初步率定嵌草砖铺装路面的渗流特性,通过城市嵌草砖铺装路面的降雨模拟现场试验,观测试验面出口的径流过程。结果证实:1)该试验系统的降雨模拟装置可移动性好,节水显著;径流观测装置对试验区周围地貌改变微小,其灵敏度和可操作性符合试验要求。2)嵌草砖铺装路面初期产流量较小,其主要原因是高出地面的嵌草及低于地面的水坑阻挡了地表径流;试验场出口径流过程曲线有波动,造成这种现象的主要原因是流场中嵌草的起伏和摆动。3)当地表充分湿润、降雨强度为1.19 mm/min时,嵌草砖铺装路面的渗流率约为0.42。 相似文献
72.
茶园土壤和茶树叶片农药残留量规律的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对福建省108个有代表性的茶园有机氯农药六六六(BHC)、滴滴涕(DDT)残留量现状进行调查,共采茶树鲜叶、土样和背景土样344个.分析结果表明:(1)BHC在茶树及土壤中分布均匀,且主要残留于土壤中,但均已自然降解到较低水平;DDT主要残留于树体,茶树与土壤中的分布有明显差异.BHC污染来自以往施药所致,DDT污染主要是80年代引起,DDT残留量高于BHC.(2)名贵品种种植园土壤DDT残留量比一般品种园高,但其叶片农药残留量却比一般品种园低.(3)各品种茶树叶片及其种植土壤农药残留量均与树龄、海拔高度、土壤深度等有一定相关 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In the original publication, the article title was incorrectly published as ‘Impact of leave infestation by herbivorous insects on the elemental... 相似文献
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77.
采用土壤施用和叶面喷施2种方式将球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)菌株Bb202接种至玉米,研究不同接种方式及处理浓度对玉米生长的影响。结果表明,2种喷施方式对玉米苗均存在促生作用,且这种促生作用与孢子接种浓度密切相关。在叶面喷施处理中,白僵菌仅对玉米地上部分生长指标有促进作用,而对玉米苗的根长无显著影响;其中1.0×10~4孢子/m L处理组对玉米苗的促生效果最佳,其株高、叶长、叶宽、鲜重指标比蒸馏水对照组分别高出7.47%、15.42%、25.70%和16.85%。在土壤喷施处理中,白僵菌对玉米苗地上与地下部分均有显著促生作用;其中1.0×106孢子/m L和1.0×10~8孢子/m L处理组,玉米株高、叶长、根长、生物量指标较蒸馏水对照组分别提高了28.66%和29.59%、30.66%和37.85%、43.08%和33.60%、28.35%和32.55%。从对玉米苗的促生作用来看,用1.0×106孢子/m L的白僵菌悬浮液处理土壤,可以取得最经济、最显著的促生效果。 相似文献
78.
Improvement of both the tensile and impact strength of the same polymeric material has always been a great challenge for the plastic industry. The study focuses on the effect of incorporation of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (0.3 wt% to 15 wt%) into three polypropylene (PP) based matrices viz. PP homopolymer, propylene-ethylene (PP-PE) copolymer and the blend of PP:PP-PE (30:70) to improve their impact behavior without hampering the tensile strength much. A loss in both the tensile and impact properties was observed in PP based nanocomposite. However, PP-PE based nanocomposites showed a significant improvement in impact strength (47 %) at 10 wt% loading with a loss of tensile strength by 22 %. To minimize this loss a blend of PP:PP-PE (30:70) was explored as a matrix. At 10 wt% loading, this matrix showed an improvement of 30 % in impact strength whereas the tensile loss was minimized to 10 %. Further, silane coupling agent which promoted good interfacial adhesion was used for best compositions. The variation of crystalline morphology of the nanocomposites with various formulations was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. 相似文献
79.
Gebru Hailu Dechassa Nigussie Mohammed Ali Belew Derbew 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(6):617-631
Use of nutrient efficient crop species or cultivars within species in combination with improved crop production practices offer the best option for meeting the future food requirements of growing world populations. Efficiency improvement has a key role for nutrient use and it improves both productivity of yield and minimizes risks of losses that potentially harm the environment. To improve nutrient use efficiency (NUE), one strategy is to select cultivars of crops with high NUE. Both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are among essential macronutrients commonly applied to agricultural crops to optimize yields. Evaluation of potato cultivars with high N and P efficiency is essential for sustainable production of the crop. In Ethiopia, however, little research has been done to elucidate better NUE of potato crop until recently. This study was, thus, designed to evaluate selected potato cultivars (Belete, Gudene, Jalene, Marachere and one local check) for NP use efficiency under low levels of the nutrients in Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia during 2014 and 2015. Factorial combination of 3 levels of each N (0, 55.5 and 111 kg N ha?1 ) and P (0, 19.5 and 39 kg P ha?1 ) were assigned to the main plots and the 5 cultivars to subplots of split-plot design in three replications. Efficiency indices such as agronomic efficiency, physiological efficiency and recovery efficiency were computed for combined NP nutrients. Results showed that agronomic nitrogen use efficiency, apparent phosphorus use efficiency and phosphorus use efficiencies were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of rates of NP nutrition and variety. Application of NP more than 55.5:19.5 kg ha?1 will not beneficial due to their less or equal use and recovery efficiencies to 55.5:19.5 kg NP ha?1. Belete was the most NP efficient variety followed by Jalene and Gudene in all efficiency indices. Therefore, Belete, Jalene and Gudene return better for NP at 55.5:19.5 kg ha?1 for economical use of fertilizes while obtaining satisfactory yield. It can be concluded that yield response variation of the varieties was related to their differences in NP uptake and use efficiencies; and the improved potato varieties were superior to local check in using NP nutrients efficiently. 相似文献
80.
Mohamed Aït Hamza Nadine Ali Johannes Tavoillot Odile Fossati-Gaschignard Hassan Boubaker Abdelhamid El Mousadik Thierry Mateille 《BMC ecology》2017,17(1):41