中国华北地区瓜类尖孢镰刀菌对咪鲜胺的敏感性及抗药突变株生物学性状研究

为明确中国华北地区瓜类尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum Schl.对咪鲜胺的抗药性现状及抗药突变株的生物学性状,采用菌丝生长速率法,分别测定了采自北京、山东、河北等地未使用过咪鲜胺的112株瓜类尖孢镰刀菌对咪鲜胺的敏感性,并通过药剂驯化的方法获得尖孢镰刀菌抗咪鲜胺突变株。结果表明:咪鲜胺对112株瓜类尖孢镰刀菌的平均EC50值为（0.030 1±0.030 4）μg/mL,菌株频率呈连续单峰曲线分布,未发现敏感性明显下降的亚群体,因此,可将该EC50值作为瓜类尖孢镰刀菌对咪鲜胺的敏感基线。药剂驯化共获得7株抗咪鲜胺突变株,其抗性倍数介于6.2~26.8之间;突变株在菌丝生长速率、菌丝干重和致病力等方面均明显低于亲本菌株,差异显著;仅突变株HG13052701-R1的抗药性可以稳定遗传,其他6株抗咪鲜胺突变株的抗药性均不能稳定遗传。室内交互抗性测定结果表明,咪鲜胺仅与戊唑醇之间有交互抗性,与多菌灵和齅霉灵之间均无交互抗性关系。研究表明,瓜类尖孢镰刀菌在药剂选择压下可以形成抗咪鲜胺群体,具有低等抗药性风险。     

运用软件限制策略提高Windows域的安全性

运用Windows Server 2003组策略中的软件限制策略是系统内置功能,可以保护计算机环境。软件限制策略使用"散列规则"、"证书规则"、"路径规则"、"Internet区域规则"建立安全的软件运行环境,避免受到不可信代码的攻击,提高域的安全性。     

Potential protective effects of thiamine supplementation on the ruminal epithelium damage during subacute ruminal acidosis

In ruminants, the ruminal epithelium not only has the function of absorbing nutrients but also is an important tissue to prevent harmful substances in the rumen from entering the blood circulation. Thus, the normal function of ruminal epithelium is critical for ruminants. However, subacute ruminal acidosis induced by high-concentrate diets often damages the barrier function of ruminal epithelium in ruminants. Recently, many studies have shown that dietary supplementation with thiamine is an effective method to alleviate subacute ruminal acidosis. In order to provide theoretical reference for the in-depth study of subacute ruminal acidosis and the application of thiamine in the future, this review introduces the effects of subacute ruminal acidosis on morphological structure, inflammatory response, and tight junction of ruminal epithelium. In addition, this paper summarizes the role of thiamine in maintaining ruminal epithelial function of ruminants during subacute ruminal acidosis challenge.     

手持式电动绿篱修剪机的研究与设计

通过对目前市场上绿篱修剪机结构和使用特点的详细分析,设计了一种用220V照明电为电源、手提砂轮机作为主机,用专门制作的切割器替换砂轮片实现快速修剪成形的手持式电动绿篱修剪机。试验表明,该修剪机有很好的实用价值和推广前景。     

A Kind of Directing Operation Expert Systems Based on Self-adaptive Predictor

In the general directing-operation expert systems.the information of directingoperation is often shown after the subprocess has finished,The aim of the thesis is to enhance thefunction of directing-operation,and suggest that we add the self-tuning predictor in the expertsystems and use it to direct the present operation.We have shown the case oftemperature-predicting experiment made in the small wine distillatorv so that we can illustrate thatit is feasible to use the predictor to direct the operation.     

农产品加工中的营养学思考与营养食品生产

中国农产品生产及其加工曾经经历过注重产品数量扩增、技术设备改进和卫生安全的发展阶段,目前正处在挑战和发展机遇并存的转折时期.中国农产品生产及其加工业应把握时机,应用营养科学为指导,科学地制定"十一五"期间的发展战略,丰富和发展营养食品产业,促进农产品生产和加工全面满足人民营养健康需要和市场需求,这将是开拓发展领域,实现产品升级换代,提升竞争能力和增值潜力,主动迎接国际挑战的战略举措,也是实践"以人为本"的科学发展观的具体体现.