杂交稻稻瘟菌致病菌系的组成及其变化

对四川省大面积主栽杂交稻组合汕优６３、汕优２号上的稻瘟病菌进行生理小种测定的结果表明，致病菌系由多个生理小种群组成，其中以ＺＢ、ＺＣ群小种为主。用不同生理小种的菌株接种汕优２号和汕优６３的结果表明：ＺＢ群小种对汕优２号的致病频率最高，为１００％，而不同生理小种群对汕优６３的致病频率无显著差异，平均为７５％。致使这两个杂交稻组合丧失抗性的菌株来自四川省发病多年的常规稻、雄性不育系和早熟杂交稻组合。四     

评教三结合 推进名师工程的探索与实践

在我国，高等教育由“精英教育”进入国际公认的“大众化教育”时期的背景下，如何保证教学质量，是摆在高等教育管理工作者面前的重要课题。我们结合学校实际开展“评教三结合”，在加强教学管理，推进名师工程方面进行了探索与实践。     

岗梅根醇提液对小鼠的半数致死量(LD_(50))的测定

用寇氏(k-rber)法测定了岗梅根醇提液腹腔注射对小鼠的半数致死量(LD5)0,结果显示,岗梅根醇提液腹腔注射的LD50为37 786.27 mg/kg,95%可信限为33 744.27～42 315.55 mg/kg。表明岗梅根醇提液属实际无毒级,临床日用量安全。     

吡虫啉在不同施药时间对玉米叶绿素含量的影响

对大田栽培作物玉米,在不同时间,用喷雾器喷施不同浓度杀虫剂吡虫啉,24h后测定玉米叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的含量.结果表明,上午喷施药剂促使玉米叶绿素含量增加最多,其次是中午,下午施药玉米叶绿素含量增加最小.     

植物根腐线虫鉴定及抗性机制研究进展

根腐线虫是植物三大病原线虫之一,广泛分布于世界各地,为害多种粮食及经济作物,给农业生产带来巨大损失.根腐线虫的识别与鉴定是防治工作的重要环节,研究植物线虫抗性机制有利于培育抗性品种.为此,回顾了近年来根腐线虫鉴定及植物对根腐线虫抗性方面的研究工作,强调了线虫准确鉴定的重要意义,分析讨论了植物抗线虫的机制.     

小麦混合品种对条锈叶锈及白粉病的群体抗病性研究

 本文以小麦感病品种津丰一号和抗病品种冀麦24号为材料,研究了两者在混合种植情况下,对条锈叶锈及白粉病的群体抗性机制。结果表明群体抗性由密度效应、阻挡效应和诱导抗性效应组成,其中密度效应自始至终发挥着主要作用,其它两种机制均是在生长季节后期才表现明显。同一抗性机制在不同种病害上所表现的程度也有所不同。     

美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂研究概况

本文综述了美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂的研究概况,包括寄生蜂的种类、生物学、寄主选择特性,寄生蜂与植物的关系,化学农药对寄生蜂的影响,以及寄生蜂的保护和利用。     

Evaluating diverse systems of tobacco genetic resistance to Phytophthora nicotianae in Yunnan,China

Black shank, caused by the soilborne pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae, is one of the most devastating diseases affecting tobacco production in China. The most effective strategy for reducing economic loss from this pathogen is development and use of resistant tobacco varieties. Multiple sources and systems of resistance have been developed in the Western Hemisphere; however, populations of P. nicotianae are variable around the world, including the predominance of different races. Different P. nicotianae isolates may react differently on tobacco plants with different systems of resistance, a possibility that could complicate the breeding of cultivars with resistance that is effective in different tobacco production regions worldwide. The objective of this research was to evaluate an array of tobacco germplasm possessing different systems of genetic resistance to black shank disease in tobacco-growing regions of Yunnan, China. Resistance types included simply inherited resistance mechanisms introgressed from wild Nicotiana relatives and polygenic partial resistance systems of N. tabacum origin. The loci of Wz exhibited high level resistance to black shank in the five diverse disease environments in Yunnan, China. K326 Php/−Wz/− genotype and Beinhart 1000 exhibited the greatest levels of resistance in both 2015 and 2016. Field observed results for 13 tobacco genotypes were highly correlated with those tested in growth chamber evaluation. These findings suggest that both Wz− and Beinhart 1000-mediated resistance have important commercial value in flue-cured tobacco breeding programmes in China. Cultivars developed for black shank resistance in China may also have utility in other tobacco-growing areas.     

几种杀虫剂对方翅网蝽的田间药效试验

将高效氯氰菊酯以300和450mL/hm2、阿维菌素以600和900mL/hm2和噻虫嗪以150和300g/hm2均匀喷雾,防治越冬方翅网蝽,结果表明:施药后24h后,高效氯氰菊酯平均防治效果达99.51%;噻虫嗪可湿性粉剂的平均防治效果在98.10%;阿维菌素乳油平均防治效果为71.81%。说明这3种杀虫剂对越冬方翅网蝽均有较好防治效果。