A review of the resistome within the digestive tract of livestockOA

Antimicrobials have been widely used to prevent and treat infectious diseases and promote growth in food-production animals. However, the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance poses a huge threat to public and animal health, especial y in less developed countries where food-producing animals often intermingle with humans. To limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance from food-production animals to humans and the environment, it is essential to have a comprehensive knowledge of the role of th...     

Dietary resistant starch ameliorating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation inmeat ducks associated with the alteration in gut microbiome and glucagon-like peptide 1 signalingOA

Background: Consumption of resistant starch(RS) has been associated with various intestinal and systemic health benefits, but knowledge of its effects on intestinal health and inflammatory response in stressed birds is limited.Here, we examined how dietary RS supplementation from 12% raw potato starch(RPS) modulated inflammatory severity induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in meat ducks.Results: LPS administration at 14, 16, and 18 d(chronic challenge) decreased body weight(BW) and glucagon-like ...     

Effect of protease supplementation on apparent ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibility of over-processed soybean meals in broilersOA

Background: Nutritional value of proteins in feed ingredients can be negatively affected by hydrothermal processing, which causes large variation in the bioavailability of amino acids(AA) and negatively affects animal productive performance. Supplementation of exogenous proteases could increase the rate of digestion of damaged proteins, thereby increasing overall AA digestibility and bioavailability. The aim was to determine the effect of exogenous protease supplementation on the apparent ileal ...     

植酸酶对不同类型的断乳仔猪日粮粗蛋白、氨基酸和能量的消化率的影响

通过对4个安装了简易T型瘘管的断奶仔猪研究表明,添加植酸酶并没有提高玉米-豆粕型日粮(试验组1)、小麦-豆粕型日粮(试验组2)和大麦-豌豆-菜籽粕型日粮(试验组4)粗蛋白和氨基酸的回肠表观消化率(AID),而使小麦-豆粕-菜粕型日粮的粗蛋白和氨基酸回肠表观消化率或粗蛋白和消化能的总消化道表观消化率(ATTD)得到了显著的提高(P<0.05)或呈提高的势态(P<0.10)。这些结果表明,氨基酸对细菌性植酸酶的反应因子取决于日粮的组成。     

Heterologous expression of the Haynaldia villosa pattern-recognition receptor CERK1-V in wheat increases resistance to three fungal diseases

Wheat production is under continuous threat by various fungal pathogens. Identification of multipledisease resistance genes may lead to effective disease control via the development of cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance. Plant Lysin-motif(LysM)-type pattern-recognition receptors, which elicit innate immunity by recognizing fungal pathogen associated molecular patterns such as chitin, are potential candidates for such resistance. In this study, we cloned a LysM receptor-like kinase gene, CE...     

超滤和吸附技术相结合生产高品质浓缩汁果汁

近年来,超滤技术已经成功地在果汁加１１中得到广泛的应用,特别是对生产水果清汁的厂家来说它已成为最关键的工序之一。果汁加工中基本Ｌ都是使用模块化系统,即管式膜组件系统。膜为合成有机高分子材料。布赫超滤系统与其它超滤系统相比,它突出的特点;是有很高的可靠性、稳定的通量、长的工作寿命以及在工作循环中保持滤膜清洁的能力。其它类型的膜如螺旋式膜、板式膜、中空纤维等以及矿物膜、陶瓷膜等在苹果汁过滤中应用的较少。只有正确选择加工过程的每一个步骤才能使最终产品保持稳定的浊度指标。２影响因素超滤这个术语是指分子水…     

施用重金属含量高的污泥的土壤重金属的有效性

<正> 为了确定Cd、Cu、Ni和Zn对生长在施用污泥的土壤上的玉米的有效性,于1984年,在就地侧渗能控制的小区进行田间试验。这些小区设在三种土壤上。这三种土壤为Bojac壤质砂土,Davidson粘壤土和Grosecloge细壤土。来自主要处理工业废水的     

8708利用矿井水灌溉农作物

本文报告了微矿化矿井水对作物生长发育,对微量元素进入作物体内及对其在土壤内的行为产生影响的试验结果。试验在100×100×35厘米的渗漏测定器内进行。于渗漏器内盛350公斤栗色耕作土(水浸液 pH7.5,腐植质4.2%,代谢物质:K~+10、Na~+0.2、Ca~(+2)29.1、Mg~(+2)6.0毫克·当量/100克)。每个渗漏器内种600粒燕麦。每周浇一次水,按一个生长期5000立米/公顷的灌溉标准,每次灌水1—2升。所灌的矿井水中,盐的总含量为1.43克/升(HCO_3~- 0.17、Cl~- 0.51、SO_4~(-2) 0.26、Ca~(+2)     

硫酸盐对锌和镉在可变电荷土壤上吸附的影响

SO4^2- and Zn^2 or Cd^2 were added to three variable charge soils in different sequences.In one sequence sulfate was added first ,and in the other,Zn^2 or Cd^2 first.The addition of sulfate to the system invariably caused an increase in adsorption of the heavy metal added,with the effect more remarkable whn the soil reacted with the sulfate prior to the metal.the shift in pH50 for both Zn and Cd adsorption was aslo comparatively larger in the first sequence of reactions .It was suggested that the increase in negative charge density and the resultant negative potential of the soil were the primary cause of the pronounced effect of sulfate on adsorption of Zn or Cd,and the formaiton of the ternary surface complex-S-SO4-M might also play a role in the effect.     

中国东南部红壤地区不同植被对土壤侵蚀和土壤养分的影响

The effect of different vegetation systems including bamboo plantation (BP), forest ecosystem (CF), citrus orchard (Ctr) and farmland (FL) on erosion and nutrients of red soil were investigated in hilly region of southeastern China to find effective control measures for soil erosion. The results showed that all the vegetation systems could significantly reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses compared to bare land (Br). The ability of different vegetation systems to conserve soil and water was in the order of Ctr > BP > CF > FL > Br. Vegetation could also improve soil fertility. The soil organic matter, total N and total P contents were much higher in all the vegetation systems than in bare land, especially for the top soils. Vegetation systems improved soil physical properties remarkably. Compared to the bare land, soil organic matter, TP, TK and available K, especially soil microbial biomass C, N and P, increased under all the vegetation covers. However, they were still much lower than expected, thus these biological measurements are still needed to be carried out continuously.