Molecular genetic and chemical assessment of radix Angelica (Danggui) in China

The roots of Angelica sinensis (Danggui), a traditional Chinese medicine, have been used for invigorating blood circulation for over 2000 years in China. Three common species of Angelica roots are found in Asia: A. sinensis from China, A. acutiloba from Japan, and A. gigas from Korea. By using a molecular genetic approach, the 5S-rRNA spacer domains of the three species of Angelica were amplified, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Diversity in DNA sequences among various species was found in their 5S-rRNA spacer domains, which could serve as markers for authentic identification of Angelica roots. In chemical analyses, the main constituents of Angelica roots including ferulic acid and Z-ligustilide were determined by HPLC; roots of A. sinensis were clearly distinct in that they contained approximately 10-fold higher levels of ferulic acid and Z-ligustilide as compared to roots of A. acutiloba and A. gigas. In addition, the amounts of main constituents in roots of A. sinensis varied according to different regions of cultivation and different methods of preservation. The chemical profile determined by HPLC therefore could serve as a fingerprint for quality control of Angelica roots.     

Feature extraction and recognition technique for human pulse signals

In Chinese traditional medicine, the pulse signal plays an important role for diagnosis. To investigate the effective technique for identifying heroin druggers through the pulse signal, the feature extraction algorithm based on the biocepstrum and the third-order cepstrum entropy of the pulse signal is studied. On the basis of concise and rigorous discussion for the algorithm, the biocepstrum-based diagonal slice components are estimated for human pulse signals of 20 heroin druggers and 20 healthy normal subjects. The magnitude of the sample value of diagonal slice at m=n=1 and the third-order cepstrum entropy of magnitudes of sample values of the diagonal slice within a particular region are used as two feature parameters for every human pulse signal to form a feature vector. A classifier based on the criterion of squared Mahalanobis distance is successfully designed. Applying the designed classifier to 40 feature vectors, the correct identification rate reaches 87.5%. The research result shows that the method of the feature extraction and classifier design presented in is valuable for identifying the human pulse signals of heroin druggers.     

鲜食糯玉米中糯1号优质高效栽培技术规范

中糯1号是中国农业科学院作物科学研究所育成的优良鲜食糯玉米品种。其显著特点是鲜食品种优良、产量高、适应性广。目前中糯1号在全国各地,包括西藏、海南、新疆等省区均有种植,尤其在北方玉米产区已成为糯玉米主栽品种。在北京郊区、河北等地现已大面积种植,并涌现出一些集种植、加工、贮运、销     

水稻红莲型粤泰不育花药ATPase超微结构定位

 以ATPase定位研究了红莲型粤泰不育花药和可育花药。结果表明 ,单核中位期可育花粉ATPase定位于覆盖层外侧、柱状层和细胞核 ,单核边位期ATPase定位于覆盖层外侧和细胞核 ;二核期ATPase定位于柱状层、内壁、质膜以及细胞核上 ;三核期ATPase定位于柱状层、内壁、质膜生殖核和营养核的核仁上。单核中位期不育花粉ATPase定位于核仁 ,单核边位期ATPase定位于覆盖层外侧、柱状层、质膜以及细胞核上 ;二核期不育花粉ATPase定位于覆盖层外侧、内壁和核仁。单核中位期可育花药药壁发育良好 ,绒毡层吞噬泡有活跃的ATPase活性 ,单核边位期绒毡层内吞噬泡消失 ,绒毡层内含物减少 ,二核期绒毡层细胞完全解体。单核中位期不育花药药壁发育不良 ,绒毡层内吞噬泡少 ,单核边位期绒毡层出现大量吞噬泡 ,二核期绒毡层存在尚未解体的细胞质和核。大多数不育花药药隔结构及ATPase定位特征与可育花药相似。可能不育花药绒毡层发育迟缓、单核边位期不育花粉细胞质膜活跃的ATPase活性及花粉核异常与花粉败育存在较为密切的关系。     

中性氧化铝作为吸附剂对土霉素薄层层析的效果测定

通过以中性氧化铝为吸附剂，０．５％ＣＭＣ－Ｎａ为粘合剂，在展开剂分别为９５％乙醇－１ＮＨＣｌ、正丁醇－１ＮＨＣｌ、正丁醇－１ＮＨＣｌ－水、甲醇－１ＮＨＣｌ和甲醇－１ＮＨＣｌ－水中对土霉素的层析效果研究，结果表明：中性氧化铝在上述５种展开剂中均不能使土霉素达到有效分离。故不能用中性氧化铝单独作为吸附剂对土霉素进行层析分离。     

烤烟烟叶腺毛及其分泌物研究进展

烟叶腺毛密度及其分泌物对烟叶香气有重要作用,因此腺毛密度及其分泌物在烟草研究中具有重要意义。综述了烟叶腺毛类型、腺毛分泌物的主要化学成分和烟叶腺毛密度和分泌物的影响因素,以及腺毛分泌物的主要化学成分与烟叶香气的关系。展望了烟叶腺毛及其分泌物的研究方向和途径,提出烟叶腺毛及其分泌物研究的意义和目的。以期为烤烟烟叶腺毛密度及其分泌物的进一步研究提供参考。     

不同部位成熟烟叶腺毛密度及其分泌物的研究

针对烟叶腺毛及其分泌物含量受烟株发育阶段的影响,采用广视野显微镜和GC/MS,分析研究了烤烟K326品种不同部位成熟叶片腺毛密度及其分泌物的变化情况。结果表明:不同部位成熟烟叶腺毛密度表现为下部<中部<上部;中部烟叶分泌物中的α-西柏三烯-4-醇、β-西柏三烯-4-醇、α-西柏三烯-4,6-二醇、β-西柏三烯-4,6-二醇的含量分别比下部烟叶增加了282%、240%、48%、80%,上部烟叶的上述四种分泌物的含量分别比下部烟叶增加了991%、687%、74%和129%。这说明对于同一烤烟品种,随部位的升高,烟叶腺毛密度增大,腺毛分泌物主要成分的含量也在增加。     

植物生长调节剂对杂交水稻制种产量影响的试验研究

探讨了在水稻始穗期用云大 - 12 0水剂、赤霉素、三十烷醇 3种植物生长调节剂处理不育系Ⅱ - 32 - 8A对杂交水稻制种产量的影响 ,结果证明该不育系在喷施赤霉素后效果最好 ,能使每 6 6 7m2 产量比对照提高 4 3 16 % ,异交结实率比对照提高 2 3 0 6 % ,千粒重比对照增加 1 16 %。     

超高压处理对鲜切山药片质量的影响

为研究适宜的鲜切山药片的保藏方法,采用超高压处理对鲜切山药片进行保鲜。将鲜切山药片分别采用0MPa、200MPa、400MPa和600MPa加压处理10min后,在4℃条件下贮藏9d,分析超高压处理对贮藏期间鲜切山药片中细菌总数、多酚氧化酶活性、褐变指数、可溶性固形物、总酸和维生素C含量的影响。结果表明:600MPa压力处理10min后,可抑制于褐变相关的多酚氧化酶,抑制微生物生长,产品在4℃条件下贮藏9d后,仍然可具有较好的理化指标,表明该法是一种较好的鲜切山药片的保藏方法。     

RNA干扰技术及其应用研究

从RNA干扰技术的基本原理着手,详细阐述了RNA干扰技术研究的基本路线以及其在生物学研究和临床医学上的应用,以期对RNA干扰技术有一个比较全面的了解。