刈割次数对苜蓿相关表型性状与饲草产量的影响

试验选取4份苜蓿材料,设4次刈割处理,观察测试表型性状及干物质的变化动态,并用DPS7.05数据处理系统对各性状指标与饲草产量的关系进行计算分析,以探讨刈割次数对苜蓿表型性状及饲草产量的影响,为高效优质生产提供依据.结果表明,刈割频度显著影响苜蓿越冬率(P<0.05),苜蓿株高、茎粗、茎叶比、分枝数等指标均随刈割次数增...     

北方无公害优质水稻栽培管理技术

承德市具有良好的无公害水稻自然环境和区位优势,通过选用优质、高产、高抗品种,在整个水稻生长过程中实行规范化栽培技术管理,可提供无公害、优质、水稻产品。     

辽宁省2005年审定水稻品种米质情况分析及改良对策

以2005年辽宁省审定的32个水稻品种为材料,对辽宁省水稻品种品质近况进行了分析。在所有的材料中,6项指标全部达到国标一级标准的有3个,达标率为9.38%;达标率最高的是糙米率,其次是胶稠度、整精米率,最低的是直链淀粉含量。同时对辽宁省水稻品质改良中需要着重解决的几个问题进行了探讨。     

Mitochondrial Genome Architecture and Evolutionary Origin of the Yao Silkworm,a Living Fossil of the Domestic Silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

The Yao silkworm is a unique silkworm resource producing yellow flat plate silk that has only been reared by the Baiku Yao ethnic group in Nandan County, Guangxi Province, China for a thousand years. Here, we report the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of five Yao silkworm strains and 10 local Guangxi strains of the domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori) L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), and use the resulting mitogenomes and the available Bombyx mitogenomes to characterize their genome architecture and trace the evolutionary origin of the Yao silkworm. The five Yao silkworm mitogenomes exhibited genome architectures identical to typical set of 37 mitochondrial genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and two ribosomal RNAs) and a high level of genome sequence similarity with the domestic silkworm. Mitogenome-based phylogenetic reconstruction provided solid evidence that the Yao silkworm shares a common ancestor with the domestic silkworm. Sliding window analysis uncovered a distinct variation pattern in the mitogenome between the Yao silkworm and the other domestic silkworm strains. The phylogenetic analyses revealed a basal placement of the Yao silkworm among all available domestic silkworm strains, indicating that the Yao silkworm is an ancient population of the domestic silkworm. Our data indicated that the Yao silkworm (B. mori) is a lineage of the domestic silkworm, which for the first time provides insights into the origin of the Yao silkworm.     

夹持式鲜菱角脱壳机设计与试验

针对鲜菱角手工脱壳率低、菱仁损伤率高等问题,该研究以湖北省浠水县两角菱为对象,设计了一种夹持式鲜菱角脱壳机。对鲜菱角外形尺寸和力学性能参数进行了测量,确定采用夹持板与链条夹持输送、圆形齿刀横切菱角两侧弯角、对辊挤压碾搓脱壳的技术方案。对夹持板、弹性压紧装置、横切刀片和脱壳装置等主要部件结构进行设计和分析,确定了结构和运动参数。运用ANSYS Explicit Dynamics模块对横切过程进行仿真,根据理论分析和仿真结果试制了脱壳样机,开展了横切试验和脱壳试验。横切试验表明,成熟度、输送速度和刀片转速均对切壳率影响显著（P<0.05）,对菱仁损失率影响不显著（P>0.05）。运用Design Expert 12优化得横切装置最优工作参数为：脆熟菱角、输送速度0.1 m/s、刀片转速1 000 r/min,该参数下的平均切壳率为79.41%,平均菱仁损失率为9.82%。采用Box-Benhnken试验设计开展三因素二次回归正交组合试验,优化得到脱壳装置最优工作参数为：脆熟菱角、慢辊转速59r/min,线速比1.5,验证试验的平均脱壳率为66.52%,平均菱仁破损率为12.83...     

Effect of Chilling Stress on Synthesis of Antioxidant Enzymes,Osmotic Adjustment Substances and Membrane Lipid Peroxide Levels in Two White Clover Cultivars

Although white clover has been widely studied and applied, less is known about its physiological responses to chilling stress in northern China. The effects of acclimation time of chilling stress in the two white clover cultivars, Rivendel and Haifa, after exposure to 4℃ for 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h were investigated. Seven physiological indexes were measured in shoots of the two cultivars. It was found that Rivendel had a strong ability to maintain the stability of cells, cope with oxidative damage and accumulate osmotic adjustment substances compared with Haifa. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation on the chilling tolerance of the two cultivars based on subordinate function value analysis showed a stronger chilling tolerance of Rivendel than Haifa.     

基于VOSviewer的农作物遥感制图研究的文献特征与热点演变分析

[目的]作为农作物长势监测、产量估测和灾害评估的基础,及时、准确获取农作物空间分布信息对农业生产管理、农业可持续发展及国家粮食安全等具有重要意义.[方法]文章从农作物遥感制图的研究热点和前沿出发,基于Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)和CNKI数据库,利用VOSviewer软件对...     

燕山板栗种质资源AFLP遗传多样性分析

为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,用扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)技术对44份板栗种质的遗传多样性及遗传距离进行分析,其中36份原产燕山地区的种质中有18份为野生种质和18份为栽培品种,另外8份为原产山东的品种.共检测了384个AFLP位点,有217个是多态性位点,占56.5%,这表明了所检测的板栗材料中存在着明显的遗传多样性.用NT.SYS软件对44份板栗种质进行聚类分析.所有材料聚成4个类群,其中燕山地区原产的板栗材料被聚为3个类群,山东起源的被聚类为1个独立的类群.在所分析的44份材料中,遗传距离在0.0292和0.2214之间.燕山板栗和外来板栗存在着明显的差异,本研究结果与本实验室用RAPD技术分析的结果是一致的.结果对这些板栗材料在育种中的应用具有重要指导意义.     

播娘蒿油酸脱氢酶基因(DsFAD6)的克隆和表达分析

采用RACE-PCR的技术克隆了播娘蒿的油酸脱氢酶基因(DsFAD6),它是催化油酸转化为亚油酸的一个关键酶基因.DsFAD6 cDNA全长序列的开放阅读框长1 344 bp,编码一个由447个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白质,推测的蛋白质相对分子质量为51.16 kD,等电点为9.27.序列分析表明DsFAD6的氨基酸序列具有3个高度保守的组氨酸盒子,该结构在去饱和酶中是高度保守的,且在N端预测到信号肽,初步认定该酶定位于质体.序列比对和系统发生分析显示DsFAD6与十字花科植物FAD6基因具有较高一致性.RT-PCR分析表明,DsFAD6在根、茎、叶、花蕾、花及幼嫩角果中均表达,但在茎、叶和幼嫩角果中表达较高.胁迫诱导表达中,DsFAD6在播娘蒿叶片中表达明显受伤害胁迫诱导,但在冷胁迫下呈负相关.