加套纸袋对香蕉品质影响的研究

香蕉套袋护果技术已经非常普及,生产中多用定型袋外套蓝色塑料袋的方法护果。截至目前,广西香蕉种植户普遍采用蓝色塑料袋中加套纸袋的护果方法,但未见加套纸袋对香蕉品质影响的研究报道。本研究探讨了加套纸袋对香蕉表观性状及内在生理生化指标的影响,为综合评价加套纸袋对香蕉品质影响提供理论依据。研究表明,加套纸袋可以显著提高果皮亮度,但降低果皮黄色饱和度;一定程度提高蕉果果肉钾含量,却显著降低了果皮中钙含量;加套纸袋能够显著提高瓤皮比,但果皮质地细嫩,易刮伤;加套纸袋可以显著提高蕉果果肉维生素C含量,降低了蕉果果肉中淀粉累积量;此外,加套纸袋后,蕉果的转色时间和货架期短于常规。综上,提出调整套纸袋时间、套袋方法等改进措施。     

Characterization of Bioactivities and Biosynthesis of Angucycline/Angucyclinone Derivatives Derived from Gephyromycinifex aptenodytis gen. nov., sp. nov.

Strain NJES-13^T is the type strain and currently the only species of the newly established actinobacteria genera Aptenodytes in the family Dermatophilaceae isolated from the gut microbiota of the Antarctic emperor penguin. This strain demonstrated excellent bioflocculation activity with bacteria-derived exopolysaccharides (EPSs). Moreover, it produced bioactive angucycline/angucyclinone derivatives (ADs) and contained one type III polyketide synthase (T3PKS), thus demonstrating great potential to produce novel bioactive compounds. However, the low productivity of the potential new AD metabolite was the main obstacle for its chemical structure elucidation. In this study, to increase the concentration of targeted metabolites, the influence of cellular morphology on AD metabolism in strain NJES-13^T was determined using glass bead-enhanced fermentation. Based on the cellular ultra-structural observation driven by bacterial EPSs, and quantitative analysis of the targeted metabolites, the successful increasing of the productivity of three AD metabolites was achieved. Afterward, a new frigocyclinone analogue was isolated and then identified as 2-hydroxy-frigocyclinone, as well as two other known ADs named 2-hydroxy-tetrangomycin (2-HT) and gephyromycin (GPM). Three AD metabolites were found to demonstrate different bioactivities. Both C-2 hydroxyl substitutes, 2-hydroxy-tetrangomycin and 2-hydroxy-frigocyclinone, exhibited variable inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. Moreover, the newly identified 2-hydroxy-frigocyclinone also showed significant cytotoxicity against three tested human-derived cancerous cell lines (HL-60, Bel-7402 and A549), with all obtained IC₅₀ values less than 10 µM. Based on the genetic analysis after genomic mining, the plausible biogenetic pathway of the three bioactive ADs in strain NJES-13^T was also proposed.     

蛋鸡龙骨损伤及其对蛋鸡福利影响的研究进展

龙骨损伤是福利和健康受损的主要表现之一.文章从蛋鸡生产的角度出发,阐述了蛋鸡龙骨损伤的概况、蛋鸡龙骨损伤的研究现状及其对蛋鸡福利状况的影响,旨在呼吁重视蛋鸡龙骨损伤现象,促进蛋鸡产业的健康可持续发展.     

适于新疆长绒棉的综合机采栽培技术

新疆长绒棉品质优良,在提高我国纺织产品档次、增强行业竞争力方面发挥了重要作用.为了更好地指导新疆长绒棉机采种植,课题组在集成前人对长绒棉优质高效高产栽培技术以及机采棉高效综合栽培技术基础上,结合长绒棉机采种植的特殊要求,提出了机采长绒棉品种要求、机采种植管理技术要点和脱叶采收技术要点,总结形成了适于新疆长绒棉的综合机采...     

基于三参数最佳动力性换档规律的制定与仿真研究

通过对汽车自动变速器三参数最佳动力性换档规律的研究,找出最佳动力性换档规律产生循环换档的原因,提出一种改进的动态三参数最佳动力性换档规律。应用MATLAB/SIMIULINK建立的换档规律仿真模型对改进的换档规律进行仿真分析。仿真表明经改进的动态三参数最佳动力性换档规律可以减少循环换档,使汽车获得更好的行驶性能。     

长江中下游地区棉花涝灾渍害预防及灾后管理技术

针对我国长江中下游地区因梅雨季节阴雨时间长、降水量大而集中常常引发涝灾和造成棉花渍害的现象,总结提出了一系列棉花防涝防渍及灾后田间管理技术措施与要求,以期为长江中下游地区棉农提供技术指导,促进当地棉花产业的发展和植棉效益的提高.     

奶牛胚胎一步细管法冷冻解冻试验

胚胎冷冻技术是胚胎保存、切割和性别鉴定以及建立胚胎库等的重要技术基础。试验应用CL-5500冷冻仪,采用乙二醇作保护剂冷冻奶牛胚胎,解冻复苏率达到85.7%。     

鲁西南植棉区蒜套棉氮肥施用量试验初探

为探讨蒜套棉适宜的施氮水平,以鲁西南植棉区主栽品种瑞杂818为试验材料,设置45、90、135、180和225 kg·hm-25个施氮水平,研究不同施氮量对土壤氮肥残留量、棉花生育期、棉花农艺性状和产量的影响.结果表明,随施氮量的增加,土壤氮肥残留量增加,棉花生育期延长且生殖生长推迟,产量则呈现先增后减的趋势.综合考虑...     

人工牧草粘虫发生为害特点的初步观察

粘虫Mythimna Separata(Walker)*属磷翅目,夜蛾科,别名:"剃头虫"、"花青虫"、"五色虫".幼虫食性杂,取食可达100余种植物,恩施州玉米、水稻、小麦等作物常受其害,曾多次在玉米上间歇性暴发.随着畜牧养殖业规模型发展,人工种植牧草也由原来的零星型种植,发展到规模型种植,累积面积达4.67万hm2.2003年粘虫转入人工牧草危害,已成为近年人工牧草常发性害虫.