Selection, propagation and cultivation of Pinus massoniana clones for pulp use

Based on the growth, wood property of the ortets, and rooting abilities of cuttings, 32 Pinus massoniana clones for pulp use were selected from forests of superior provenance, mixed families, and progeny test of seed orchard by two-step selection. The average height and DBH growth of three-year-old clones were 28.6% and 16.7%, respectively, higher than those from seedlings, and average gain of wood density reached 8.7%. Rooting rate of all these clones was over 80%, 28% higher than the clones selected by a single step. A cutting orchard of 0.33 hm² on the hillside was constructed to intensively produce cuttings according to the tests on construction methods, pruning, and fertilization. A total of 50,000 grade I, 37,500 grade II, and 62,500 grade III cuttings were collected per hectare of this cutting orchard each time, and were cut three times each year. With all the above techniques, 48 hm² of clonal forests for pulp use of those clones had been planted in five places in Fujian Province. Container stecklings are more likely to increase the planting survival rate. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2004, 40(1): 64–69 [译自: 林业科学]     

Antisense drug targeting with VEGF mRNA designed by computer aid and inhibitory effects on K562 cell line in vitro

AIM:The effective antisense sequences targeted VEGF mRNA with computer software would be screened and designed, and effect of them on growth K562 cells and protein expression of VEGF were studied with experiments.METHODS:Seven antisense sequences were selected and synthesized, which consisted of 18-20 deoxynucleotide acid and were modified with phosphorothioate, according to principle of low free energy of overall △G₃₇ Overall. Cell growth was assayed by trypan blue dye exclusion assay and level of VEGF protien in the media was determined by ELISA.RESULTS:Six of seven sequences were capable of inhibing growth of K562 cells and downregulating the VEGF protein expression significantly, compared with Scrambed control group. It was found that there was a close correlation between low level of overall △G₃₇ and antisense effectiveness (r=0.887,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:VEGF mRNA antisense oliogdeoxynucleotides, which were designed by computer software of RNAstructure, were able to inhibit growth of K562 and its protein expression. The VEGF mRNA may be new target attached by drugs. At same time, the computer aided design is useful methods to obtain the effective antisense.     

玉米赤霉烯酮对小鼠血清性激素、脂肪因子及子宫结构的影响

4周龄雌性小鼠120只,随机分为4个处理组,每组30只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1～3组在基础日粮中分别添加50,100,150 mg/kg的玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)。饲喂20 d后,采集发情前期、发情期及产仔后次日小鼠血液,并测定血清性激素、脂肪因子水平。制备子宫石蜡切片,观察ZEA对子宫形态结构的影响。分娩后记录产仔数。结果显示:(1)发情前期,1组和3组子宫内膜增厚(P<0.01),3组子宫肌层增厚(P<0.05)。随着ZEA添加量的增加,子宫内膜的腺体增多,腺腔变大。P_4、LH水平随ZEA剂量增加而降低(P<0.01),低剂量ZEA使FSH水平降低(P<0.05),内脂素水平升高(P<0.01)。中、高剂量ZEA使E_2、LEP水平升高(P<0.01)。(2)发情期,中、高剂量ZEA使子宫内膜增厚(P<0.01),3个试验组均使子宫肌膜增厚(P<0.01)。随ZEA添加量的增加,E_2、LEP、内脂素水平均升高(P<0.01),P_4、FSH、LH水平均降低(P<0.01)。(3)产仔后期,中剂量ZEA组子宫腔闭合,腺腔变大。不同ZEA添加量均使E2水平升高(P<0.01),中剂量ZEA使FSH水平极显著降低(P<0.01)、LH水平降低(P<0.05),高剂量ZEA使LEP、内脂素水平升高(P<0.01)。(4)小鼠产仔数没有明显变化(P>0.05),但试验组均出现死胎。结果表明,ZEA能够引起雌性小鼠子宫形态结构变化,激素分泌紊乱,并出现死胎。ZEA通过增加脂肪沉积而影响动物生殖功能可能是其类雌激素样作用机制之一。     

冬小麦品种‘兰天23号’苗期抗条锈性遗传分析

2014年在甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所兰州温室,进行了‘兰天23号’/‘铭贤169’组合的亲本及其F1、F2、BC1代对条锈菌主要流行小种CYR32、CYR33及新菌系G22-9的遗传分析。结果表明,接种CYR33,F2代植株抗感分离比为144R∶54S,符合3R∶1S的理论比值;接种CYR32,F2代植株抗感分离比为62R∶22S,符合3R∶1S的理论比值;接种G22-9,F2代植株抗感分离比为85R∶24S,符合3R∶1S的理论比值;F1代植株对供试菌系均表现免疫,BC1代植株抗感分离比均符合1R∶1S的理论比值,表明‘兰天23号’对3个供试条锈菌系的抗病性均由1对显性抗性基因控制。通过系谱分析推知,该抗病基因来源于抗病亲本‘SXAF4-7’。     

寡雄腐霉与烯酰吗啉互作防治葡萄霜霉病和替代部分化学药剂减量用药应用

 利用室内与室外传统生物测定方法,结合诱导抗病性生理测定方法进行试验。明确寡雄腐霉用药时期;研发生化互作组合,明确增效作用机制;制定生化互作减量用药防控技术规程。结果表明寡雄腐霉预防葡萄霜霉病最佳时期为发病前1个月,连续喷雾用药3~4次,间隔期10~15 d。明确寡雄腐霉对叶片β-1,3葡聚糖酶产生具有诱导作用;研发出协同增效的生防菌剂与化学杀菌剂组合烯酰吗啉+寡雄腐霉(或者再加上100%硅氧烷化合物,此时同样防效下喷雾使用药液量仅为组合的40%)。寡雄腐霉与化学杀菌剂烯酰吗啉互作后,植株诱导抗病作用增强。制定以生防菌替代和高效合理化学用药为关键技术的减量用药防控葡萄霜霉病的综合体系,确定用药规程中药剂的使用类别、次序、排列和组合。     

优质丰产草莓新品种‘石莓3号’

 ‘石莓3号’为高产、大果、优质, 中早熟草莓新品种, 1990年以自育优系‘18322’为母本, ‘全明星’为父本杂交育成。该品种植株生长势强, 丰产性好, 果实大, 风味浓郁, 品质优良, 适宜于我国华北、东北地区栽培。     

SH系矮化中间砧对‘富士’苹果树体生长、产量和果实品质的影响

2009年春季定植不同类型SH系矮化中间砧(SH1、SH3、SH6、SH9和SH40)苹果苗(宫藤富士/SH系砧木/平邑甜茶),株行距为1.5 m×5.0 m,纺锤形整形修剪,常规管理。2016年调查树体生长、冠层光照分布和果实产量品质的差异,为苹果矮化砧木的筛选利用提供参考。研究结果表明,栽植第8年(2016年),各中间砧嫁接树体的砧穗干周比无显著差异;SH1和SH6中间砧嫁接的树体最矮,SH40最高且冠幅最大;树体干周直径由高到低依次为:SH40、SH3、SH9、SH6和SH1;各中间砧嫁接树体总枝量均超过140万条·hm~(-2);SH6嫁接树体短枝比例最高,树势中庸;SH3和SH9短枝比例最低。各中间砧嫁接树体冠层平均相对光照强度由高到低依次为SH3(72.88%)、SH6(70.85%)、SH9(65.51%)、SH1(62.23%)和SH40(61.82%),SH6嫁接树体相对光照强度小于30%和40%的区域最小,仅为2.08%和4.17%。比较各中间砧树体连续稳产4年的结果情况,SH6嫁接树体4年(2013—2016年)累计产量最高且稳产性最好,SH1产量较低,SH9稳产性较差。各中间砧嫁接树平均单果质量由高到低依次为SH40 SH6 SH9 SH3 SH1。不同中间砧嫁接树果实不同类型糖含量和比例存在显著差异;而总酸含量、不同类型酸的含量(除草酸外)和比例差异不显著;SH6嫁接树果实糖酸比显著高于SH1、SH3和SH9。综合树体的生长和结果能力,SH6为中间砧嫁接‘富士’表现较好。     

Effect of idazoxan on permeability of inflammatory blood-brain barrier model in vitro

AIM: To study the effect of idazoxan on the permeability of inflammatory blood-brain barrier (BBB) model in vitro and the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1.METHODS: In vitro BBB model was established by murine brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3 incubated for 7 d. The cells were treated with TNF-α (10 nmol/L) for additional 24 h to establish the inflammatory BBB model, which was pretreated with IDA at doses of 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L, respectively. The permeability was measured using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran (FD-40, MW 40,000), the expression of ZO-1 was detected by Western blot analysis, the distribution of ZO-1 was observed by immunofluorescence, and the mRNA expression of MMP-9/TIMP-1 was measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS: After incubated for 7 d, b.End3 cells converged to be confluent monolayer with low permeability. The inflammatory BBB model induced by TNF-α treatment displayed much higher permeability with decreased expression of tight junction protein ZO-1, destroyed distribution of ZO-1 and increased mRNA expression of MMP-9. When pretreated with IDA, the permeability was greatly decreased, the expression of ZO-1 was greatly increased, the abnormal distribution of ZO-1 was greatly ameliorated and the mRNA expression of MMP-9 was obviously reduced. The effect was most significant in IDA (200 μmol/L)-pretreated group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: IDA directly acts on brain endothelial cells to reduce the expression of MMP-9, increase the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and ameliorate the destroyed distribution of ZO-1 in the inflammatory BBB, thus reversing the abnormally elevated permeability in a inflammatory BBB model in vitro induced by TNF-α.