云南省油茶产业发展现状与对策研究

通过总结云南省油茶产业分布范围、栽培及育苗情况、良种繁育基地建设、油茶科技创新、油茶特色品牌等现状,分析其发展经验及存在的问题.结果显示,云南省油茶产业存在经营管理粗放、资金投入缺乏、生产组织形式落后、龙头带动效应不足、品牌打造有待加强、政策体系亟待健全等问题,提出加强组织领导、坚持创新引领、提升质量品牌、统筹兼顾发展...     

大豆种质资源脂肪酸组分含量及品质性状的相关性分析

对黑龙江省大豆种质资源的脂肪酸含量及其与品质性状的相关性进行分析,为科学地评价和利用大豆种质资源奠定基础.采用毛细管气相色谱法,对100个大豆品种(系)的脂肪酸组分进行了测定,并对各组分和品质性状间的相关性进行了分析.结果表明:大豆中的脂肪酸含量高低顺序为:亚油酸>油酸>棕榈酸>亚麻酸>硬脂酸.不同大豆品种各脂肪酸含量均有一定的差异,其中硬脂酸的变异系数最大,为13.24%,亚油酸的变异系数最小,为4.57%.通过组分间的相关性分析表明,油酸与亚油酸、亚麻酸和棕榈酸呈极显著负相关,棕榈酸与硬脂酸呈显著负相关,而亚油酸与亚麻酸呈显著正相关.蛋自质与油份呈极显著负相关.     

基于可控性生态减渗目标的河床底质重构技术研究

位于地下水超采区且具有景观要求的河流,需同时具备维持生态水位和渗透补给地下水的功能,研究可调控减渗效果的河床底质重构技术对维持河床垂向连通性具有重要意义。以华北平原常见河床底质和膨润土为主要材料配比得到重构底质,通过变水头渗透试验与模型入渗试验探究了重构底质减渗特性,根据不同河流条件提出不同的配比及结构方案,减渗层厚度和纳基膨润土配比方案1为100 mm和9%,方案2为150 mm和15%,方案3为200 mm和18%;利用GeoStudio SEEP/W软件计算模拟了不同方案的渗流及渗流量减少状况。结果表明,改变膨润土类型和掺量可调节底质的减渗效果,使其渗透系数达到小于1×10^-7cm/s和小于1×10^-6cm/s目标水平;纳基膨润土掺量为15%的重构底质在1 m水头渗透作用下,浸润锋经39 d运移15 cm,56 d内累计入渗量为11.1 cm,减渗效果较好;模拟结果表明,3种减渗方案有不同的减渗效果,典型断面河流水位在0.3～2.0 m时,3种方案河流渗流损失量可降低55.8%～68.8%、91.5%～94.3%和94.8%～96.5%...     

四个观赏海棠品种光合特性比较研究

为比较引种观赏海棠品种间光合特性,以海棠粉芽、红宝石、凯尔斯和绚丽为试材,测定了净光合速率(Pn)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合生理指标和光响应曲线.结果表明:凯尔斯净光合速率的日变化呈单峰型,但粉芽、红宝石和绚丽的净光合速率的日变化呈双峰型.胞间CO2浓度日变化均呈V型曲线变化,均...     

卵黄和低密度脂蛋白对冷冻保存绵羊精子胆固醇、磷脂含量的影响

为了探索绵羊冷冻精液受精率低的原因,在稀释液中用低密度脂蛋白代替卵黄冷冻绵羊精液,研究LDL对冷冻中精子脂类含量的影响。结果表明,以卵黄稀释液冷冻精液,精子胆固醇含量从鲜精的234．54nmol／10^9降低到163．76nmol／10^9精子,胆固醇与磷脂的比值（c／p）从0．54下降到0．36;以9g／100mL LDL代替卵黄,冷冻后胆固醇含量为243．73nmol／10^9精子,c／p值保持在0．50。研究得出在卵黄稀释液中冷冻绵羊精液,精子胆固醇流失,c／p值下降;以LDL代替卵黄,可有效保护精子胆固醇,避免流失,维持了精子c／p值。     

小球藻水环境毒理学研究进展及应用前景

小球藻作为水体中的初级生产者,是水生生态系统不可或缺的一部分,对促进物质循环、能量流动有着重要意义,同时也是水环境毒理学评价的标准试验藻种。为了给小球藻的水生态风险评估及相应产品的开发提供参考数据,本文系统分析了小球藻培养影响因素,概括了其产生的毒理效应,并对其营养价值与应用前景等进行了综述。本文认为温度、光照、pH、营养盐、氮磷比是小球藻规模化培养过程中的影响因素,重金属、农药、新型纳米材料、抗生素等污染物可对小球藻产生毒性效应,小球藻在污水处理、生物能源等领域具有较好的应用前景。     

高粱炭疽病研究进展

高粱作为中国主要的酿造原料之一,在国民经济发展中占据重要地位。高粱炭疽病是高粱的主要病害之一,在整个生育期中均可发病,且在温暖湿润的热带和亚热带栽种地区更易发生和流行,不仅影响植株的正常生长,严重时会引起产量的大幅下降和籽粒品质的劣变。多年来,高粱病理学家和育种家对高粱炭疽病病原菌菌株分离、病害发生流行规律、发生原因、寄主抗性利用和抗炭疽病基因定位等方面进行了广泛的研究,取得了一些进展。这些研究为炭疽病的生化防控以及培育抗炭疽病品种奠定了基础。开展高粱炭疽病研究,发掘更丰富多样的优异抗性种质资源,减少农药使用,不仅可以满足中国高粱产业对天然有机高粱原料的巨大需求,还可以推动高粱生产向高产优质转变。对高粱炭疽病的分布和发病症状、炭疽病病原菌侵染机理、病害发生流行规律及流行原因、抗性资源鉴定和高粱抗炭疽病基因定位的相关研究进展进行了综合分析和论述,以期从分子水平上更好地认识高粱与炭疽病病原菌之间的相互作用,为高粱炭疽病研究提供参考。     

Effect of 2, 3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia

AIM: The effects of BDM on isolated rat heart in cold cardioplegia were studied. METHODS: Rat heart were subjected to cold cardioplegia at 4℃ for 8, 18 and 24 h.Then each heart was perfused (90 cm H₂O) in Langendorff model at 37℃ for 40 min. In the high K⁺ group(n=24) the hearts were preserved in St.Thomas cardioplegic solution, in BDM group(n=24) hearts were preserved in K-H solution with BDM 30 mmoL/L. RESULTS: After 18 h, heart rate and the coronary flow in BDM group were significantly higher than in high K⁺ group(P＜0.05). Activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in cell membrane and in mitochondrial membrane in the BDM group was significantly higher than high K⁺ group(P＜0.01). After 24 h, all hearts in high K⁺ group were dead, but were alive in BDM group. CONCLUSION: Under given experiment conditions, BDM did enhance the tolerance to cold ischemia significantly. The results showed that BDM may become a useful agent for prolong the storage period of heart in cold cardioglegia.     

Relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease

AIM: To evaluate the association between apolipoprotein E(apoE) gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD: A case-control study was undertaken detecting the polymorphism of apoE by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).RESULTS:(1)The frequencies of 3/4 genotype and 4 al ele in AD were significant ly higher than that in age-matched controls(P<0.05).(2)The frequency of G/G genotype for apoE IE1 in AD was significantly higher than that in age-mat ched control(P<0.05).(3)The apoE 4 al ele was associated with a tripling of the risk for AD compared with no 4 allele(odd ratio 2.932, 95%CI 1.379~6.226);Homozygosity of the G allele in IE1 was associated with adoubling of the risk for AD compared with the G/C and C/C genotypes(odd rat io 2.223, 95%CI 1.075~4.599).However, the IE1 G al ele is also closely associated with apoE 4.When the sample was split on the basis of apo Egenotype, the associat ion between IE1 G/G genotype and AD was no longer statistically significant.CONCLUSION: ApoE ε4 was a risk factor of AD, and the apparent association between IE1 G/G and AD is a consequence of the association between the ε4 and IE1 G/G genotype.