基因工程猪γ-干扰素对PRRSV和SIV混合感染猪的预防效果试验

应用基因工程猪γ-干扰素和血清对人工感染PRRSV(繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒)和SIV(猪流感病毒)仔猪的预防试验，结果表明猪γ-干扰素预防两种病毒混合感染效果显著，感染前和感染后肌肉注射5万单位猪的发病率分别下降71．2％和60％，猪γ-干扰素和特异性抗体联合使用效果最好，可100％预防病毒感染，表明干扰素和抗体在抗病毒感染方面起到协同作用。本试验不仅为PRRSV和SIV混合感染提供了良好的预防方法，还将对病毒病的预防和治疗起到借鉴作用。     

Leaf photosynthesis is enhanced in normal oil maize pollinated by high oil maize hybrids

The grain yield of normal oil maize (Zea mays L.) might increase when pollinated by high oil maize (HOM) hybrids because of heterosis. To testify that the grain yield increase might be a result of improved photosynthetic rate and related traits, the normal oil maize (NOM) hybrid, Nongda108, was cross-pollinated by three HOM hybrids, HOM202, HOM115 and HOM4515 (for short as ND108pHOM202, ND108pHOM115 and ND108pHOM4515). We found that the ND108pHOM202 and ND108pHOM115 exhibited higher net photosynthetic rate (P_n), accompanied by larger stomatal conductance (g_s) and transpiration rate (E). Moreover, delayed leaf senescence was observed in their leaves, including larger leaf area index (LAI) and higher Chl content and Chl a/b ratio. Apart from higher phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activity, the soluble proteins were also higher in the two cross-pollinations. The higher leaf photosynthesis could explain the grain increase in ND108pHOM202 and ND108pHOM115. However, ND108pHOM4515 exhibited a decreased photosynthetic characteristic and yield performance. Significantly positive relation between grain yield and biomass (r² = 0.96, P < 0.05), P_n and biomass (r² = 0.74, P < 0.05) also suggested that the yield increase in the two cross-pollination treatments was generally owing to the higher photosynthetic rate and related photosynthetic traits.     

仔猪色氨酸研究新进展

<正>色氨酸(Trp)是仔猪日粮中排于赖氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸之后的第4限制性氨基酸。它除了有助于蛋白质沉积,最重要的作用就是对适口性和采食量的调     

亚洲黑熊COI序列变异及其DNA条码的应用

利用DNA编码技术对亚洲黑熊东北亚种和指名亚种不同个体进行DNA编码,结合Genbank中亚洲黑熊台湾亚种和四川亚种以及熊科相关物种的序列构建系统发育树,并与12SrRNA基因进行比较。研究结果表明,亚洲黑熊COI基因变异显著,各亚种分化明显。系统树显示,亚洲黑熊和美洲黑熊遗传分化明显,且不是姐妹群;北极熊和棕熊关系较近,为姐妹群。COI作为DNA条码在研究亚洲黑熊的分类地位和进化关系上是有效的。在解决亚种分化及关系时,COI基因比12SrRNA基因更有效。     

Protein extraction from rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.) root for two-dimensional electrophresis

An efficient protein extraction method for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) from plant samples is usually challenging due to the low protein content and high level of interfering compounds. Proteomic analyses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots are limited by the lack of an efficient protein extraction method. To establish an effective protocol of protein extraction suitable for 2-DE analysis in rice roots, we evaluated three protein extraction methods (trichloroacetic acid [TCA]/acetone, Mg/NP-40/TCA, and tris-base/acetone). Our results showed that the Mg/NP-40/TCA extraction method had the highest protein yield and is the best resolution of protein separation among the three methods. The TCA/acetone method exhibited clear protein profiles and detected more protein spots with the highest intensity in the region of high Mr (above 45 kDa) than the other methods. However, this method was unable to detect proteins with low-Mr (less than 24.0 kDa). The Tris-base/acetone method showed the poorest resolution of protein separation. Our results suggest that the Mg/NP-40/TCA method was the most effective among the three methods and may provide enhanced proteomic information for rice and other crop roots.     

MDCC—MSB1培养基上清液中DNA活性的定性研究

将 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｃ Ｍ Ｓ Ｂ１ ４８ 小时培养物 １０００ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ 离心的上清液分别用 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 酶、 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 酶和蛋白酶 Ｋ 处理后，进行体外试验。结果表明，只有 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 酶处理后的上清液失去了体外抑制 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ“８１４”增殖的作用。将该上清液 １００００ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ 离心所得的沉淀分别用上述酶处理后进行体内试验。结果表明，只有 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 酶处理的样品失去了体内促进 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ 京１ 株致瘤的作用。同时，电泳分析结果证明，该上清液中确实存在 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ。     

环丙沙星对水产动物气单胞菌的药效学研究

环丙沙星为第三代步诺酮类药，是一种安全。高效的抗菌剂。该药对临床分离的几株致病性气单胞菌的最小抑制浓度（MIC）为0.0098μg/ml。人工感染治疗试验表明，该药以1mg/（kg.d）剂量灌服，连用5天，能有效控制鲫鱼败血症的暴发。     

书虱在粮堆中分布的研究

采用ＧＪ８９型粮虫陷阱检测器对书虱在房式仓和土堤仓中的分布进行了调查研究，结果表明书虱分布有明显的差异性。房式仓中书虱分布呈明显的趋南性和趋西性，且由南向北虫口密度逐渐减少，由东向西虫口密度逐渐增加。对房式仓不同粮层（０～０．５ｍ、１．５～２ｍ、３～３．５ｍ）的研究结果表明在垂直方向上书虱分布差异并不显著，但虫口密度随着粮堆浓度的增加而降低。用聚集度各项指标检验表明，书虱在粮堆中呈聚集分布，且在粮     

城镇居民收入分配状况及其对消费需求的影响

收入分配差距是伴随经济增长出现的一种社会经济现象,它对经济增长本身又会产生一定的影响。近年来我国城镇居民收入水平保持较快的增长速度,社会物价水平稳中有降,但消费需求不旺,市场疲软的迹象已十分明显。究其原因,除了供求存在结构性矛盾造成有效供给不足,住房、教育、医疗保险制度的改革使居民预期购买压力增大,以及落后的消费观念和消费信贷体制外,居民收入分配差距扩大,城市低收入和贫困人口的增加已成为对消费需求产生消极影响的一个重要因素。因此,政府在积极增加投资支出、调整经济结构和发展消费信贷的同时,切不可忽视改善收入分配状况,以最终实现刺激消费、促进经济增长的目标。     

Feeding selectivity of the marine ascidian Styela clava

The sessile suspension feeding ascidian, Styela clava , plays an important role in the functioning of estuarine systems. The feeding selectivity of S. clava was examined using standard physiological techniques in terms of particle sizes and diet concentrations. Styela clava increased its retention efficiency (the proportion of available particles retained in ascidian) with increasing particle size at a lower diet concentration [expressed as particulate organic matter (POM)] from 2.11 to 10.06 mg POM L⁻¹, and the highest retention was reached for 5–20 μm particles. With increasing diet concentration to 20.12 mg POM L⁻¹, S. clava retained small particles (<3.5 μm) more efficiently and large ones (>15 μm) less efficiently. The selectivity of ascidian with different sizes was similar at the same concentration. At every diet concentration, larger ascidians retained more 5–20 μm cells than the smaller ones. All these results indicate that S. clava possesses a particle selection mechanism that may affect the zooplankton communities to a certain degree.