亚洲黑熊COI序列变异及其DNA条码的应用

利用DNA编码技术对亚洲黑熊东北亚种和指名亚种不同个体进行DNA编码,结合Genbank中亚洲黑熊台湾亚种和四川亚种以及熊科相关物种的序列构建系统发育树,并与12SrRNA基因进行比较。研究结果表明,亚洲黑熊COI基因变异显著,各亚种分化明显。系统树显示,亚洲黑熊和美洲黑熊遗传分化明显,且不是姐妹群;北极熊和棕熊关系较近,为姐妹群。COI作为DNA条码在研究亚洲黑熊的分类地位和进化关系上是有效的。在解决亚种分化及关系时,COI基因比12SrRNA基因更有效。     

Protein extraction from rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.) root for two-dimensional electrophresis

An efficient protein extraction method for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) from plant samples is usually challenging due to the low protein content and high level of interfering compounds. Proteomic analyses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots are limited by the lack of an efficient protein extraction method. To establish an effective protocol of protein extraction suitable for 2-DE analysis in rice roots, we evaluated three protein extraction methods (trichloroacetic acid [TCA]/acetone, Mg/NP-40/TCA, and tris-base/acetone). Our results showed that the Mg/NP-40/TCA extraction method had the highest protein yield and is the best resolution of protein separation among the three methods. The TCA/acetone method exhibited clear protein profiles and detected more protein spots with the highest intensity in the region of high Mr (above 45 kDa) than the other methods. However, this method was unable to detect proteins with low-Mr (less than 24.0 kDa). The Tris-base/acetone method showed the poorest resolution of protein separation. Our results suggest that the Mg/NP-40/TCA method was the most effective among the three methods and may provide enhanced proteomic information for rice and other crop roots.     

MDCC—MSB1培养基上清液中DNA活性的定性研究

将 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｃ Ｍ Ｓ Ｂ１ ４８ 小时培养物 １０００ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ 离心的上清液分别用 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 酶、 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 酶和蛋白酶 Ｋ 处理后，进行体外试验。结果表明，只有 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 酶处理后的上清液失去了体外抑制 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ“８１４”增殖的作用。将该上清液 １００００ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ 离心所得的沉淀分别用上述酶处理后进行体内试验。结果表明，只有 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 酶处理的样品失去了体内促进 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ 京１ 株致瘤的作用。同时，电泳分析结果证明，该上清液中确实存在 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ。     

环丙沙星对水产动物气单胞菌的药效学研究

环丙沙星为第三代步诺酮类药，是一种安全。高效的抗菌剂。该药对临床分离的几株致病性气单胞菌的最小抑制浓度（MIC）为0.0098μg/ml。人工感染治疗试验表明，该药以1mg/（kg.d）剂量灌服，连用5天，能有效控制鲫鱼败血症的暴发。     

书虱在粮堆中分布的研究

采用ＧＪ８９型粮虫陷阱检测器对书虱在房式仓和土堤仓中的分布进行了调查研究，结果表明书虱分布有明显的差异性。房式仓中书虱分布呈明显的趋南性和趋西性，且由南向北虫口密度逐渐减少，由东向西虫口密度逐渐增加。对房式仓不同粮层（０～０．５ｍ、１．５～２ｍ、３～３．５ｍ）的研究结果表明在垂直方向上书虱分布差异并不显著，但虫口密度随着粮堆浓度的增加而降低。用聚集度各项指标检验表明，书虱在粮堆中呈聚集分布，且在粮     

城镇居民收入分配状况及其对消费需求的影响

收入分配差距是伴随经济增长出现的一种社会经济现象,它对经济增长本身又会产生一定的影响。近年来我国城镇居民收入水平保持较快的增长速度,社会物价水平稳中有降,但消费需求不旺,市场疲软的迹象已十分明显。究其原因,除了供求存在结构性矛盾造成有效供给不足,住房、教育、医疗保险制度的改革使居民预期购买压力增大,以及落后的消费观念和消费信贷体制外,居民收入分配差距扩大,城市低收入和贫困人口的增加已成为对消费需求产生消极影响的一个重要因素。因此,政府在积极增加投资支出、调整经济结构和发展消费信贷的同时,切不可忽视改善收入分配状况,以最终实现刺激消费、促进经济增长的目标。     

Feeding selectivity of the marine ascidian Styela clava

The sessile suspension feeding ascidian, Styela clava , plays an important role in the functioning of estuarine systems. The feeding selectivity of S. clava was examined using standard physiological techniques in terms of particle sizes and diet concentrations. Styela clava increased its retention efficiency (the proportion of available particles retained in ascidian) with increasing particle size at a lower diet concentration [expressed as particulate organic matter (POM)] from 2.11 to 10.06 mg POM L⁻¹, and the highest retention was reached for 5–20 μm particles. With increasing diet concentration to 20.12 mg POM L⁻¹, S. clava retained small particles (<3.5 μm) more efficiently and large ones (>15 μm) less efficiently. The selectivity of ascidian with different sizes was similar at the same concentration. At every diet concentration, larger ascidians retained more 5–20 μm cells than the smaller ones. All these results indicate that S. clava possesses a particle selection mechanism that may affect the zooplankton communities to a certain degree.     

低温弱光对不同品种黄瓜苗期^14C—同化物运输分配的影响

在低温和弱光下对５个不同来源的黄瓜品种苗期＾１４Ｃ－同化物运输分配进行了研究。结果表明，两种低温２０℃／１０℃（昼／夜）和１５℃持续低温均明显地抑制了喂叶同化物的运输率，与对照均呈极显著差异，显著的抑制部位是向其它叶的运输，而生长点，茎和根系部分均未受一抑制，与对照无明显差异，低温下不同品种间的不同部位的同化物的运输分配未出现显著差异。     

含裂纹管道承压能力的评定

应用断裂力学的Ｊ积分理论，推导了含裂纹管道的弹性评定方程和失效评定曲线表达式，对存在表面裂纹的管道承压能力进行评定，并用此方法对输库输油管道的承压能力进行评定，所得结果与现场试验数据相吻合，与美国ＡＭＯＣＯ公司对该管道分析的结论相一致，说明该评定方法是正确的，具有推广应用价值。