Effects of NK cells on the etiology of severe pre-eclampsia

AIM: To detect the effects of NK cells on the etiology of severe pre-eclampsia. METHODS: The peripheral blood and umbilical blood from severe pre-eclamptic patients and normal late pregnant women were collected. NK cells were seperated in percoll and counted by SAP. The proliferating ability of NK cells was measured by MTT and killing power of NK cells was determined by ［51Cr］ releasing test. The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the quantity of NK cells and the expression of HLA-G in placenta of them. RESULTS: (1) Compared with that in normal late pregnant women, the counts of the NK cells in peripheral blood, umbilical blood and decidua of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher (all P<0.05). (2) Compared with that in normal late pregnant women, proliferating and killing ability of NK cells in peripheral blood and umbilical blood of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher. (3) The expression of HLA-G protein in placenta of severe pre-eclampsia group was lower than that in normal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The quantity of NK cells in severe pre-eclamptic patients is increased with stronger biologic function. They may be related with the pathogenesis of severe pre-eclampsia.     

新疆昌吉州波斑鸨分布与数量考察初报

本文报道了波斑鸨（Ｏｔｉｓｕｎｄｕｌａｔａ＝Ｕｎｄｕｌａｔａｕｎｄｕｌａｔａ）在新疆昌吉州境内的分布和种群数量。昌吉州为我国波斑鸨的主要繁殖地，繁殖区由三片不连续的地区组成，总面积约１３４００ｋｍ２，界于Ｅ８８°３０’－９１°１５’，Ｎ４３°５７’－４５°之间。据１２条样带统计结果，平均栖息密度为０．０３２±０．００８２只／ｋｍ２，种群数量为４２８．８±１００．８８只，即３１９—５３９只。     

六六六在生态环境中的行为特征与起用林丹的科学依据

本文根据80年代初中国生态环境中六六六的污染概况,特别是六六六各异构体在植物、动物样品中的残留水平,在土壤中的消解、被作物吸收和在食物链中生物浓缩的特     

感染烟草花叶病毒(TMV)的烟叶在显症前的荧光光谱变化

通过测试ＴＭＶ侵染叶片的叶绿素含量与荧光光谱特征的动态变化，分析影响荧光光谱的因素，在以４８０ｎｍ作为激发波长时，叶片６８５ｎｍ与７４０ｎｍ荧光强度之比（Ｆ６８５／Ｆ７４０）随着病毒侵染时间的延长而增加，叶绿素含量则随着病毒侵染时间的延长而降低，因此提出可用Ｆ６８５／Ｆ７４０与叶绿素含量之比作为ＴＭＶ早期诊断的指标。     

早熟和特早熟桃胚珠培养研究

本文以自然授粉的‘春蕾’、‘沪017’、‘布目早生’、‘1-4-8’、‘7-6-9’的胚珠为试材,研究了早熟和特早熟桃胚珠培养胚成苗的有关影响因素。本试验5个品种(品系)的结果表明,桃品种或品系的果实生育期愈短,胚珠培养胚的成苗率愈高,特早熟桃‘春蕾’花后48天的胚珠培养在改良S H培养基附加BA1.0mg/1 IAA1.0mg/1上30天,将长大的幼胚转移至TM培养基上,胚的成苗率达75％。此外,作者对胚珠培养技术在桃育种中的应用范围及其培养程序开展了讨论。     

天水毛白杨种源试验的研究

本文介绍了毛白杨８个种源、２２０个无性系，在甘肃天水地区开展的种源选择试验及优良无性系筛选结果。经过７年的研究，摸清了毛白杨的变异规律及模式，筛选出３个种源，３０个优良无性系，遗传增益达２２％～２８％，为造林区别提供了科学依据。试验证明无性系有种是一种投资少，见效快，经济效益高的良种选有方法，可降低成本５～６倍。     

猴丰1号新菌株的选育及其酯酶同工酶分析

采用子实体组织分离与系统筛选法,从福建猴头的变异株中选育出了定名为“猴丰1号”的新菌株。该菌株菌丝体生长势强,发菌迅速;子实休菇形大,产量高。鲜菇产量比出发株福建猴头增加69.3％,比著名的常山99菌株增加16.8％。酯酶同工酶分析显示:猴丰1号的酯酶谱型与福建猴头相似,但有1条酶带发生了变异。由此说明,它确是源于福建猴头的自然变异株。     

湖南水稻白翅叶蝉的研究

白翅叶蝉Erythroneura subrufa(Motschulsky)成虫与若虫均以刺吸口器刺进水稻叶片组织内吸取叶汁和叶绿素,被害初期,叶片上出现零星小白点,随后出现长短不一的点状白色斑条,受害严重的稻叶上满布白色斑纹,叶绿素丧失,叶片干萎。在稻叶蝉中除一点小叶蝉被害状出现小白点外,其他叶蝉为害水稻时,并不直接破坏叶绿素,亦不呈现白色斑纹,而是直接吸食叶液,使禾苗发黄而死。因而纠正了过去认为黑尾叶蝉、白翅叶蝉为害水稻后,都会造成叶片出现白色或褐色斑纹的报道。白翅叶蝉在湖南一年发生三代,在晚稻收割后以成虫迁向麦田、杂草等场所越冬,因其寿命很长,故长期不同世代交错。白翅叶蝉除为害水稻外,在初冬与早春还为害冬小麦。近年在湖南及我国南方部分稻区有回升趋势。     

Lignin deposition and associated changes in anatomy,enzyme activity,gene expression,and ruminal degradability in stems of tall fescue at different developmental stages

Stem tissues of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were sampled at three elongation stages and three reproductive stages. Anatomical analysis showed the deposition of guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) lignin during plant development and the formation of a lignified sclerenchyma ring. A dramatic increase in Klason lignin content was found from elongation stage to reproductive stage. Lignin composition analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that S lignin content and S/G ratio increased with stem development, but contents of p-hydroxyphenyl (H) and G lignins decreased during the same period. S lignin content and S/G ratio also increased from the younger upper internode down to the older basal internode of the stem, but G and H lignin decreased in parallel. Relative O-methyltransferase activities increased during stem development and in parallel with the lignification process of stem. The pattern of enzyme activity during development varied with the choice of substrate, with highest activities seen when substrates were caffeoylaldehyde and 5-hydroxyferulic acid, and lowest activities were seen when caffeic acid and 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol were used as substrates. The expression of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase genes increased during the stem elongation stage and remained at high levels during the reproductive stages. The changes at anatomical, metabolic, and molecular levels during plant development were closely associated with lignification and degradability. This study provides an integrated picture of the molecular and chemical events that accompany changes in lignin deposition and ruminal degradability.     

A new phytase expressed in yeast effectively improves the bioavailability of phytate phosphorus to weanling pigs

We have recently expressed a new phytase enzyme in a yeast system. Three experiments with a total of 140 weanling crossbred pigs were conducted to examine the efficacy of this enzyme in improving the bioavailability of phytate-P in corn-soybean meal diets to young pigs. Experiment 1 compared the efficacy of this new phytase with a commercially available phytase (Natuphos, BASF) for 4 wk at an inclusion level of 1,200 U/kg of diet. Experiment 2 compared the responses of pigs to four doses of the new phytase supplementation (300, 600, 900, and 1,200 U/kg of diet) for 4 wk. Experiment 3 compared the efficacy of this new phytase and Natuphos at a marginally optimal dose (700 U/kg of diet) for 5 wk. A group of pigs were fed the P-deficient basal diet as a negative control in Exp. 1, and a group of pigs were fed the basal diet plus .17 or .22% inorganic P as a positive control in all experiments. In Exp. 1, pigs fed the two sources of phytase had similar ADG (564 vs 567 g), gain/feed (.597 vs .589), plasma inorganic P concentrations (8.9 vs 8.4 mg/dL), and mobility scores (4.25 vs 4.46) that were higher (P < .05) than those of the negative control. In Exp. 2, plasma inorganic P concentration was a fairly linear response to the phytase dose (r > .83) at wk 1 and 2. Overall ADG of pigs also tended to increase with the phytase dose (P = .15). In Exp. 3, pigs fed the two sources of phytase had ADG (483 vs 506 g) similar to that of the positive control (508 g). These two groups also had similar plasma inorganic P concentrations (7.7 vs 7.4 mg/dL) that were lower (P < .05) than those of the positive control group (9.7 mg/dL). There was no significant effect of dietary treatments on ADFI in all three experiments. In conclusion, our new phytase was as effective as Natuphos, at the inclusion level of 700 or 1,200 U/kg of a P-deficient, corn-soybean meal diet, in improving phytate-P utilization by young pigs.