乙烯及保鲜剂对天门冬切叶的影响

研究了天门冬切叶与乙烯的关系以及不同保鲜剂对其瓶插品质的影响。结果表明,天门冬切叶对乙烯敏感,低浓度STS(5~10 mg/L)可显著延长切叶的瓶插寿命并保持较高幅度的鲜重变化率。150 mg/L 8-HQC、0.5%SUC、200 mg/L维生素C、1~2 mg/L 6-BA、500 mg/L CaC l2单因子处理及其复合保鲜液处理均可显著延长天门冬切叶的瓶插寿命。     

Immunoadjuvant activities of a recombinant chicken IL-12 in chickens vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus recombinant HN protein

Recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV/HN) expressing Newcastle disease virus (NDV) HN gene and rFPV/HN/chIL-12 co-expressing chicken IL-12 (chIL-12) and HN (rHN/chIL-12) genes have been characterized. rHN/chIL-12 or rchIL-12, expressed by our previous construct rFPV/chIL-12, co-administered with rHN was assessed for adjuvant activities of chIL-12. Chickens were vaccinated with various amounts of rHN/chIL-12 mixed with mineral oil (MO), intramuscularly. Levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody production depended on the concentration of the injected rHN or rHN/chIL-12. The lower HI antibody titers were obtained in chicken groups rHN/chIL-12/7-rHN/chIL-12/9, receiving 60ng rHN/8ng chIL-12 with MO, 30ng rHN/4ng chIL-12 with MO or 15ng rHN/2ng chIL-12 with MO, respectively, compared to those in chicken groups rHN/7-rHN/9, receiving rHN with MO alone. However, chickens in group rHN/chIL-12/7 or rHN/chIL-12/8 and rHN with MO alone showed the same effective protection. Chicken group rHN/chIL-12/9 was even more protective than that in group rHN/9. When rchIL-12 was co-injected with 15ng rHN plus MO, chickens produced low levels of HI antibody titers; while higher levels of IFN-γ production and an effective protection rate (83%) were obtained. On the other hand, low levels of IFN-γ production and low protection response (50%) were obtained in chickens injected with rHN with MO alone. Taken together, when the concentration of rHN decreased to certain levels, rchIL-12 reduced HI antibody production. The increase in the induction of IFN-γ production might suggest the enhancement of the cell-mediated immunity which conferred the protection from the NDV challenge.     

祁连山区立体农业结构的初步研究

我国是个多山的国家,山地面积约占全部陆地面积的2/3。山区农业资源的合理利用,是我国农业现代化的重要内容。认识我国山区农业自然条件的垂直分异规律,确立立体农业生产结构,是山地合理开发利用的核心。本文试以祁连山区为例,就山地立体农业的合理结构作一分析。     

The value of intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach in the gene therapy of chronic heart failure rats

AIM: To study the feasibility, security and validity of the intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach in chronic heart failure rats and its value in the study of gene therapy for heart diseases, and further investigate whether adeno-associated virual gene transfer of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase （SERCA2a） gene can improve ventricular function in chronic heart failure (HF) rats. METHODS: An animal model of heart failure was obtained by creating descending aortic constriction in rats. Recombinant adeno-associated virus, carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene and recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying SERCA2a gene, were respectively injected into pericardium of heart failure rats in different groups (group HF+EGFP and group HF+SERCA2a) by intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach. After 30 days, hemodynamic parameters were measured and analyzed. Cryosection was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy to examine the expression of green fluorescent protein, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of SERCA2a. RESULTS: Green fluorescence was detected in cryosection of the hearts in all rats in group HF+EGFP and the expression of green fluorescent protein was ubiquitously. The expression of SERCA2a in all rats in group HF+SERCA2a was more than those in group HF and group HF+EGFP. And overexpression of SERCA2a improved the systolic and diastolic function of heart failure rats significantly and the hemodynamic parameters were similar with those of the controls. CONCLUSION: The intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach suggests a simple, safe, efficient and cheap technique for the gene therapy of chronic heart failure. Gene thransfer of SERCA2a may be a new approach for the treatment of chronic heart failure.     

啤酒酵母葡聚糖对断奶仔猪生产性能及淋巴细胞转化率的影响

为了探讨啤酒酵母葡聚糖在断奶仔猪日粮中的适宜添加剂量及其对断奶仔猪细胞免疫功能的影响,本研究进行了2个试验。试验1选用100头(28±2)d断奶的二元杂交断奶仔猪,按单因子试验设计随机分为5个处理,分别饲喂含葡聚糖0、25、50、100mg/kg和200mg/kg的日粮。结果表明:随葡聚糖添加剂量的增加,平均日增重在14￣28 d及0￣28 d呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。试验2选用80头(28±2)d断奶的二元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为2个处理,分别饲喂含葡聚糖0mg/kg和50mg/kg的日粮。在试验的第14天和第28天,每重复取1头仔猪前腔静脉采血,测定外周血淋巴细胞转化率。结果显示,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加50mg/kg葡聚糖提高了仔猪在14￣28d及0￣28d的日增重(P<0.05)。而且,也提高了仔猪在0￣14 d、0￣28 d及28￣35 d的平均日采食量(P<0.05)。但是对淋巴细胞转化率没有影响。结果表明:在断奶仔猪日粮中添加50mg/kg啤酒酵母葡聚糖,可以提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,而且没有性别差异。     

鸭副黏病毒的分离与鉴定

从广东省某鸭场的病死番鸭肝脏中分离一株病毒,该病毒对雏鸭、种鸭、蛋鸭均可引起发病。接种鸭胚传至第6代时病毒对鸡红细胞的血凝性稳定,通常在72h开始致死非免疫鸭胚,死亡率为80%。经磷钨酸负染电镜观察,病毒粒子多呈现椭圆形,长轴为167～264nm,短轴为131～139nm,病毒外表有囊膜,囊膜外层有排列整齐的纤突。病毒与禽流感病毒无抗原相关性,能被禽副黏病毒I型阳性血清所中和。根据试验结果,初步将分离的病毒判定为鸭副黏病毒。     

高温季节核黄素对肉仔鸡养分利用率的影响

试验采用1日龄艾维菌肉仔鸡198只，随机分为6组，每组33只。核黄素添加量分别为0、3．6（1NRC）、7．2（2NRC）、14．4（4NRC）、21．6（6NRC）和28．8mg／kg（8NRC），其中0为对照组，5组为试验组，试验选在夏季高温季节进行（7～8月），试验期间鸡舍温度30—38℃，湿度60％-80％。试验鸡28日龄时，从198只肉仔鸡中每组选出体质量相近的肉仔鸡6只，共6组即36只，用全收粪法进行消化代谢试验，研究高温季节核黄素对日粮营养物质利用率的影响。研究结果表明，高温季节日粮中添加高水平的核黄素，与对照组相比提高肉仔鸡粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分的利用率。     

我国水果产销现状及其对策

分析了我国水果生产和销售的现状,针对水果面积大、单产低、品质不高、销售不畅的实情,从稳定面积、提高质量、增加效益、开拓市场和依靠科技等方面提出了对策建议。     

复杂盐碱生态条件的人工模拟及其对羊草生长的影响

将ＮａＣｌ、ＮａＨＣＯ３、Ｎａ２ＳＯ４和ＮａＣｏ３按不同比例混和,模拟出３０种盐度和ＰＨ各不相同的盐碱生态条件,并用以处理并草苗。测定羊草苗的存活率、分蘖数、根戏数及相对生长率等生长指标;分析盐度和ＰＨ对羊草生长失作用及其盯关性。结果表明：３０处处理均匀覆盖了总盐度５０－３５０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＰＨ７．１４－１０．８１范围内的各处盐碱条件,羊草的各项生长指标均随盐浓度及Ｐ增高而下降;单纯高ＰＨ域盐度对羊     

丝克高粱与检疫性杂草假高粱的比较解剖学研究

对假高粱和丝克高粱营养器官根、叶进行比较解剖及两者子实的颖片和叶表皮进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明两者存在诸多共性 :(1)根都由表皮、皮层和中柱组成。 (2 )叶片都包括表皮、叶肉和叶脉 ,且为等面叶。(3)叶鞘均由表皮、基本组织和维管束组成。 (4)两种植物的子实及其颖片在大小和形态上极其相似。然而 ,二者也存在显著差异 ,尤其是丝克高粱颖片上存在表皮毛或表皮毛脱落后留下似张开的两片贝壳状的痕迹 ,而假高粱都无这个特征。上述结果为正确鉴别假高粱和丝克高粱提供了重要依据。