N-[5-（1-邻氯苯氧乙基）-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基]-N′-芳氧乙酰基硫脲的合成与生物活性

为了寻找新的高生物活性农药,通过2-氨基-5-（1-邻氯苯氧乙基）-1,3,4-噻二唑与芳氧乙酰基异硫氰酸酯反应,合成了9个新的芳氧乙酰基硫脲,初步的生物活性测定结果表明,部分目标化合物具有良好的植物生长调节活性,其中2c、2d具有较好的生长素活性,其生长促进率分别为26.9%和27.2%.     

The value of intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach in the gene therapy of chronic heart failure rats

AIM: To study the feasibility, security and validity of the intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach in chronic heart failure rats and its value in the study of gene therapy for heart diseases, and further investigate whether adeno-associated virual gene transfer of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase （SERCA2a） gene can improve ventricular function in chronic heart failure (HF) rats. METHODS: An animal model of heart failure was obtained by creating descending aortic constriction in rats. Recombinant adeno-associated virus, carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene and recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying SERCA2a gene, were respectively injected into pericardium of heart failure rats in different groups (group HF+EGFP and group HF+SERCA2a) by intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach. After 30 days, hemodynamic parameters were measured and analyzed. Cryosection was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy to examine the expression of green fluorescent protein, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of SERCA2a. RESULTS: Green fluorescence was detected in cryosection of the hearts in all rats in group HF+EGFP and the expression of green fluorescent protein was ubiquitously. The expression of SERCA2a in all rats in group HF+SERCA2a was more than those in group HF and group HF+EGFP. And overexpression of SERCA2a improved the systolic and diastolic function of heart failure rats significantly and the hemodynamic parameters were similar with those of the controls. CONCLUSION: The intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach suggests a simple, safe, efficient and cheap technique for the gene therapy of chronic heart failure. Gene thransfer of SERCA2a may be a new approach for the treatment of chronic heart failure.     

应用RT-PCR方法检测水稻植株和介体昆虫体内的水稻齿叶矮缩病毒

 将生物学接种和RT-PCR检测水稻植株体内的水稻齿叶矮缩病毒的方法进行了比较,发现结果基本趋于一致,但总体上RT-PCR检测阳性率稍高于生物学接种的发病率。将生物学接种检测褐飞虱介体内水稻齿叶矮缩病毒方法与RT-PCR检测方法进行比较分析,发现RT-PCR方法可以检测单头褐飞虱体内的水稻齿叶矮缩病毒,具有很高的准确性和灵敏度。     

百倍冲水库种草养鱼防淤试验初报

百倍冲水库自1976年修建以来,养鱼由于饲料长期缺乏,300亩养鱼水面常年产鲜鱼1000kg左右,库内每年淤积泥砂0.6～0.8万立方米。作者于1985～1987年在库内的消落区种植黑麦草,紫云英;荒山种象草、扁穗牛鞭草;堤坝上种岸杂一号狗牙根;幼林地种鸡脚草、拉丁鲁白三叶等牧草配套养鱼和防止水土流失进行试验研究。结果,库内年鲜鱼产量由种草前1000kg提高到7000～8000kg,泥砂淤积量每年减少0.516万立方米,经济生态效益显著。     

The loss of genetic diversity in Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus,Dumeril) as revealed by DNA fingerprinting

• 1. Dabry's sturgeon, a large, long‐lived migratory fish is endemic to the Yangtze River. Over‐fishing and habitat destruction have caused large‐scale declines in natural stocks in the last two decades.
• 2. Examining patterns of genetic diversity has become an integral component of many management plans for endangered species. DNA fingerprinting was applied to detect genetic diversity in Dabry's sturgeon collected in 1958–1959, 1980–1981 and 1998–1999.
• 3. Studies on direct genetic parameters (genetic variability, hypervariable loci and heterozygosity) and indirect parameters (band‐sharing coefficient and allelic frequency) showed that the continuous decline in wild populations has caused the loss of genetic diversity in present‐day sturgeon.
• 4. The present‐day populations have the lowest genetic variability; thus, effective management is needed to preserve genetic diversity.
• 5. A conservation strategy is urgently required, comprising artificial rearing facilities coupled with breeding management plans.

Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

啤酒酵母葡聚糖对断奶仔猪生产性能及淋巴细胞转化率的影响

为了探讨啤酒酵母葡聚糖在断奶仔猪日粮中的适宜添加剂量及其对断奶仔猪细胞免疫功能的影响,本研究进行了2个试验。试验1选用100头(28±2)d断奶的二元杂交断奶仔猪,按单因子试验设计随机分为5个处理,分别饲喂含葡聚糖0、25、50、100mg/kg和200mg/kg的日粮。结果表明:随葡聚糖添加剂量的增加,平均日增重在14￣28 d及0￣28 d呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。试验2选用80头(28±2)d断奶的二元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为2个处理,分别饲喂含葡聚糖0mg/kg和50mg/kg的日粮。在试验的第14天和第28天,每重复取1头仔猪前腔静脉采血,测定外周血淋巴细胞转化率。结果显示,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加50mg/kg葡聚糖提高了仔猪在14￣28d及0￣28d的日增重(P<0.05)。而且,也提高了仔猪在0￣14 d、0￣28 d及28￣35 d的平均日采食量(P<0.05)。但是对淋巴细胞转化率没有影响。结果表明:在断奶仔猪日粮中添加50mg/kg啤酒酵母葡聚糖,可以提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,而且没有性别差异。     

鸭副黏病毒的分离与鉴定

从广东省某鸭场的病死番鸭肝脏中分离一株病毒,该病毒对雏鸭、种鸭、蛋鸭均可引起发病。接种鸭胚传至第6代时病毒对鸡红细胞的血凝性稳定,通常在72h开始致死非免疫鸭胚,死亡率为80%。经磷钨酸负染电镜观察,病毒粒子多呈现椭圆形,长轴为167～264nm,短轴为131～139nm,病毒外表有囊膜,囊膜外层有排列整齐的纤突。病毒与禽流感病毒无抗原相关性,能被禽副黏病毒I型阳性血清所中和。根据试验结果,初步将分离的病毒判定为鸭副黏病毒。     

Rapid migration of host lymphocytes into the lymphoid tissue of the intestinal graft at early stage after transplantation

AIM:To determine the migration mode of host lymphocytes into the intestinal graft by analyzing different lymphoid compartments of the graft. METHODS:2, 4, 6 days after transplantation, murine intestinal grafts were harvested for histologic assessment. Lymphocytes were collected from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), Peyer’s patch (PP), lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in the graft for analyzing by cytometry. RESULTS:At the day 2 and day 4, no evidence of rejection in intestinal allograft was found, while the rejection signs were apparent at the 6th day. At day 2 and day 4, host lymphocytes had rapidly replaced donor cell in graft MLN and PP. The migration of host lymphocytes into the LPL and IEL was not as fast as MLN and PP, however, the near-total replacement took place at the 6th post transplant day. The host lymphocytes were activated at the early stage of recruitment into the graft. CONCLUSION:The rapid recruitment of recipient lymphocytes and early activation could be responsible for the formidable rejection of intestinal transplantation.     

高温季节核黄素对肉仔鸡养分利用率的影响

试验采用1日龄艾维菌肉仔鸡198只，随机分为6组，每组33只。核黄素添加量分别为0、3．6（1NRC）、7．2（2NRC）、14．4（4NRC）、21．6（6NRC）和28．8mg／kg（8NRC），其中0为对照组，5组为试验组，试验选在夏季高温季节进行（7～8月），试验期间鸡舍温度30—38℃，湿度60％-80％。试验鸡28日龄时，从198只肉仔鸡中每组选出体质量相近的肉仔鸡6只，共6组即36只，用全收粪法进行消化代谢试验，研究高温季节核黄素对日粮营养物质利用率的影响。研究结果表明，高温季节日粮中添加高水平的核黄素，与对照组相比提高肉仔鸡粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分的利用率。     

我国水果产销现状及其对策

分析了我国水果生产和销售的现状,针对水果面积大、单产低、品质不高、销售不畅的实情,从稳定面积、提高质量、增加效益、开拓市场和依靠科技等方面提出了对策建议。