牛初乳中活性物质IgG含量分析

通过对产犊后前四天内牛初乳活性物质(IgG)含量的检测，分析牛初乳中活性物质的变化规律及冻结、巴氏杀菌对其影响。     

Genetic analysis of ORF5 of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) in viremic sera collected from MLV-vaccinating or non-vaccinating farms

The 23 open reading frame (ORF) 5 sequences of Korean type II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were collected from viremic sera from the (modified live vaccine) MLV-vaccinating and non-vaccinating farms from 2007 to 2008. The samples were phylogenetically analyzed with previous ORF5 sequences, including type I Korean PRRSV, and previously reported or collected sequences from 1997 to 2008. A MN184-like subgroup of type II Korean PRRSV was newly identified in the viremic sera collected from 2007 to 2008. And of the type I PRRSVs, one subgroup had 87.2~88.9% similarity with the Lelystad virus, showing a close relationship with the 27~2003 strain of Spain. The maximum parsimony tree of type II PRRSV from 1997 to 2008 showed that they had evolved to four lineages, subgroups 1, 2, 3 and 4. Most of the recently collected type II PRRSVs belonged to subgroup 4 (48%). The region of three B-cell epitopes and two T-cell epitopes of ORF5 amino acids sequences was considerably different from the MLV in subgroups 3 and 4. In conclusion, the existence of type I PRRSV, which was genetically different from Lelystad virus (Prototype of type I PRRSV), and heterologous type II PRRSVs of viremic pigs detected even in the MLV-vaccinating farms indicated the need for new vaccine approaches for the control of PRRSV in Korea.     

旱作春小麦品种高产抗旱特性的综合评价

对引进的旱作春小麦品种（系）做小区试验，初步筛选出C160和8275两个抗旱性强产量高的品种（系）。其叶面积变化表现为峰值出现早、大小适中，后期能保持较高叶面积。通过生理指标测定，在干旱条件下，这两个品种（系）均表现为叶绿素高、叶片相对含水量多、脯胺酸积累增加、叶水势加大、细胞膜的相对透性减少等特征，是较抗旱的表现，运用模糊综合评判法将各种的产量、与产量相关的性状和生理指标结合在一起进行综合评价，对品种优劣进行排序，其顺序为：C160，8275，8139，8624，8338，定西35，C4，昌春3号，会宁17。     

滇楸半同胞家系子代苗期性状的遗传变异

利用贵州不同气候区域13个县、市151个半同胞家系种子千粒重及1年生播种苗苗期性状高、地径进行分析研究,结果表明:滇楸种子千粒重、苗高和地径不仅在气候、地理种群、而且在各家系间均存在明显差异.种子千粒重及苗期性状具有较高的遗传力.种子千粒重和苗高遗传力分别为0.906 1和0.855,其遗传变异较丰富,遗传特性表现突出.     

饲料中的霉菌毒素及其防制措施

霉菌毒素是由真菌或霉菌产生的次级代谢产物,在动物体中,霉菌毒素的毒性是慢性的,很少引起动物死亡。但是霉菌毒素的存在降低了饲料的营养价值,以及动物的生产性能,从而影响生产力,且霉菌毒素在畜产品(肉、奶等)中的残留会给人类健康带来严重威胁。作者主要介绍了饲料中常见的霉菌毒素(黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、T-2毒素、伏马菌素等),以及其毒性和危害,并从预防与去毒两个方面,阐述了霉菌毒素的防制措施,进而减少霉菌毒素造成的危害。     

Generation of Salmonella ghost cells expressing fimbrial antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and evaluation of their antigenicity in a murine model

Salmonella Typhimurium ghost cells expressing K88ab, K88ac, K99, and FasA fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in their envelopes were constructed. The genes encoding the fimbriae were individually cloned into an expression plasmid, pMMP81, carrying the asd gene, which was subsequently electroporated into the Δasd S. Typhimurium mutant. Plasmid pJHLP99, carrying the phiX174 lysis gene E, was also subsequently electroporated into the Salmonella mutant. The presence of the individual fimbriae on the ghost cells was examined by Western blot analysis. Forty BALB/c mice were equally divided into 2 groups of 20 mice each. Group A mice were intramuscularly vaccinated with a mixture of the 4 ghost cells expressing the individual fimbriae. The group B mice were inoculated with sterile phosphate-buffered saline as a control. The antigen-specific serum IgG concentrations were significantly higher in group A than in group B from week 2 until week 6 after inoculation. In addition, the antigen-specific IgA concentrations in fecal samples were significantly higher in group A than in group B at week 2 after inoculation. A large difference between the groups in the number of antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the small intestine was observed by immunohistochemical study. Also, the splenic lymphocyte proliferative responses were significantly greater in group A than in the control mice. These results suggest that vaccination with our Salmonella ghost cells can induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and that the increased number of antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the small intestine may be correlated with the elevated fecal IgA immune response.     

甘南牦牛繁育技术

通过对甘南牦牛品种选育、选配、杂交改良、配种、饲养管理等关键技术的规范,提高甘南牦牛繁殖率与供种能力,为甘南牦牛的科学繁育提供技术支撑,推动甘南牦牛产业高质量发展。     

与鸭C4结合蛋白互作的鸭疫里默菌外膜蛋白的筛选及鉴定

旨在筛选并鉴定与鸭C4结合蛋白（C4b-binding protein,C4BP）互作的鸭疫里默氏菌（Riemerella anatipestifer,R.anatipestifer）外膜蛋白。本研究将保存的R.anatipestifer复苏培养,提取外膜蛋白,以鸭C4BPα作为诱饵蛋白进行His pull-down及LC-MS/MS蛋白质谱鉴定,筛选与鸭C4BP可能发生互作的候选外膜蛋白;将各候选蛋白进行克隆、原核表达,免疫小鼠制备多克隆抗体,利用Far-western blot验证与鸭C4BP发生相互作用的R.anatipestifer外膜蛋白;针对候选蛋白及C4BPα各功能结构域进行克隆及原核表达,利用Far-western blot鉴定候选蛋白及与C4BP的相互作用位点;利用ELISA对补体因子C3b、C4b及C4BP在R.anatipestifer表面沉积情况进行测定,验证候选蛋白的功能。结果显示,经His pull-down及LC-MS/MS蛋白质谱分析,共筛选出3个与鸭C4BP发生相互作用的R.anatipestifer外膜蛋白,即ECE-1、SODs和Omp62;成功获得3个外膜蛋白多克隆抗体,ELISA检测3种多克隆抗体效价均超过1∶6 400,Western blot检测3种多克隆抗体可以与重组蛋白发生特异性反应;Far-western blot结果显示,仅ECE-1能够与C4BP发生相互作用,并且只有ECE-1全长能与鸭C4BP相互作用,而鸭C4BP与ECE-1的相互作用区域位于C4BPα的SCR 2和SCR 3;当健康鸭血清稀释度为3.125%时,ECE-1抗体能够显著促进补体因子C3b、C4b在R.anatipestifer表面的沉积作用（P<0.05）,当健康鸭血清稀释度为6.25%时,ECE-1抗体能够显著抑制C4BP在R.anatipestifer表面的沉积作用（P<0.05）。本研究成功筛选并鉴定出1个与C4BP互作的R.anatipestifer外膜蛋白ECE-1,为进一步阐明R.anatipestifer免疫逃逸机制奠定了基础。     

河北屠宰场高致病性猪蓝耳病带毒情况调查

为了了解河北省屠宰场猪只高致病性猪蓝耳病的带毒情况,采用RT-PCR方法对2006～2009年采自全省11个地市228个县级屠宰场1565份商品猪的肺脏或肺门淋巴结进行高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP-PRRSV)病原学检测,结果4年间猪场的阳性比率分别为55.56％、72.50％、44.62％和28.74％;4年样品阳性检出率分别为28.45％、40.74％、12.01％和7.31％.HP-PRRSV同伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)和猪瘟病毒(CSFV)混合感染所占的比率为61.66％,多以PCV-2和PRV的二重或三重混合感染为主.总之,HP-PRRSV在河北省猪群中污染面积较大,值得高度重视.