全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17034篇 |
免费 | 992篇 |
国内免费 | 1567篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 1749篇 |
农学 | 1414篇 |
基础科学 | 830篇 |
1884篇 | |
综合类 | 7464篇 |
农作物 | 1418篇 |
水产渔业 | 575篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 2449篇 |
园艺 | 1003篇 |
植物保护 | 807篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 105篇 |
2023年 | 292篇 |
2022年 | 706篇 |
2021年 | 787篇 |
2020年 | 661篇 |
2019年 | 611篇 |
2018年 | 441篇 |
2017年 | 741篇 |
2016年 | 569篇 |
2015年 | 795篇 |
2014年 | 872篇 |
2013年 | 1030篇 |
2012年 | 1395篇 |
2011年 | 1391篇 |
2010年 | 1264篇 |
2009年 | 1160篇 |
2008年 | 1101篇 |
2007年 | 1059篇 |
2006年 | 958篇 |
2005年 | 746篇 |
2004年 | 478篇 |
2003年 | 327篇 |
2002年 | 395篇 |
2001年 | 354篇 |
2000年 | 306篇 |
1999年 | 189篇 |
1998年 | 120篇 |
1997年 | 104篇 |
1996年 | 96篇 |
1995年 | 84篇 |
1994年 | 79篇 |
1993年 | 75篇 |
1992年 | 65篇 |
1991年 | 75篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 33篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1956年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
51.
52.
亚硫酸氢钠处理减轻低温对温州蜜柑光合作用的影响 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
低温胁迫使温州蜜柑叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、光系统Ⅱ的光化学效率(Fv/Fm)及光合电子传递速率(ETR)下降,反映跨膜质子动力势的叶绿素毫秒延迟发光(ms-DIE)减弱,叶片中的ATP含量降低。低温胁迫前,用NaHSO3 5 mmol/L涂于叶片表面,可使处理植株叶片的Pn和Fv/Fm分别少下降了11.5%和11.6%,ETR和ATP含量几乎没有下降,ms-DLE的下降幅度减少。可见,在柑橘上施用NaHSO3能够减轻短期低温对光合机构及光合作用的影响。 相似文献
53.
54.
55.
生姜根结线虫病原鉴定及发生规律 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
采用田间调查、接种试验、电镜与显微镜观察以及酯酶同工酶电泳等方法,对引发生姜癞皮病的病原及发生规律进行了研究.结果表明,引起生姜癞皮病的病原为南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita.该病在每年6月中旬开始发生,8、9月份危害严重.病原在生姜上一年可发生完整的4代,完成1代平均约需35天.病原主要在0~40cm的土层内分布和危害,但具体分布情况依寄主生长状况而稍有差异.南方根结线虫繁殖速率受初始接种密度的影响也很大,当初始接种密度较低时,线虫繁殖速率较高,初始接种密度增大,繁殖速率降低,其平衡密度为每100g干土746.20个卵. 相似文献
56.
XU Ruo-bing WEN Jian-ming ZHANG Meng LV Chang-hai XIAO Gang ZHANG Wen-min LIANG Hui-zhen 《园艺学报》2004,20(11):1982-1988
AIM: To study effects of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) signal transduction on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in giant cell tumor of bone (GCT). METHODS: Expression of uPAR, MMP-2 and TIMP-3 in GCT tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Phosphorylation level of mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44) in uPA/uPAR signal pathway in cultured GCT cells was detected by immunoprecipitation. The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 in cultured cells after treatment with uPA-ATF or anti-uPAR antibody was also detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: 1) Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) was positive on the cell membrane and in cytoplasm of some mononuclear stromal cells (MSCs) and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs); 2) MMP-2 was positive in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane of almost all of MSCs and some of MGCs. The polar distribution of MMP-2 in the cytoplasm of MGCs was especially obvious; 3) The expression of TIMP-3 of some MSCs and MGCs in GCT was much lower than MMP-2. The positive signal also showed a prominent polarity; 4) After treatment with uPA-ATF, the phosphorylation level of p44 in GCT cultured cells was much higher than the control. Addition of anti-uPAR antibody in the cells remarkably down-regulated the phosphorylation level of p44 as compared with the control group, suggesting that uPA-ATF participates cell signal transduction and this reaction can be inhibited by anti-uPAR antibody; 5) uPA-ATF cell signal pathway up-regulated expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3, while anti-uPAR antibody down-regulated the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate for the first time that uPA-ATF directly regulates the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 by signal transduction pathway, and the over-expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 may play an important role in local osteolysis of GCT. 相似文献
57.
AIM: To investigate the relationship between p21WAF1gene polymorphisms and protein expression in breast carcinoma. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphisms technique (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemical assay of S-P immunostaining technique were used to study polymorphisms of p21WAF1 and protein expression respectively on the specimen of paraffin-embedded tissues in 100 cases of breast carcinomas and 40 benign breast diseases as control. RESULTS: Two p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms were found in 18% (18/100) of breast carcinomas and 5% (2/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=3.94, P<0.05). The positive immunohistochemical reaction of p21WAF1 protein were found in 50% (50/100) of breast carcinomas and 12.5% (5/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=16.84, P<0.01). The positive immunohistochemical reaction of p21WAF1 protein were found in 100% (18/18) of breast carcinomas with p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms and 39% (32/82) of no p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ2=21.95, P<0.01). The p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms were correlated with the protein expression in breast carcinomas (r=0.576, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms may create the different copies of mRNA and may make relevant protein molecules. 相似文献
58.
AIM: The goal of this study was to compare different methods for tumor antigen preparation, to observe the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in rats by dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with different tumor antigens. METHODS: The precursors of dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of rats, stimulated in vitro with recombinent rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rrGM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (rrIL-4). Then rat DCs were pulsed with C6 tumor cell antigens prepared with different methods: freeze-thaw, boiling or total protein extracted from ultrasonic crushed tumor cell. Subsequently primed DCs were cocultured with T lymphocytes isolated from spleen to induce CTL. Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor from DCs and cytokine IFN-γ release were determined by ELISA, the cytotoxicity of CTL was assayed by JAM test. RESULTS: DCs pulsed with boiled tumor cell in vitro induced an enhanced ability of T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that DCs primed with boiled tumor cell may represent a method for inducing immune responses against the entire repertoire of tumor antigens of malignancies. 相似文献
59.
Adherence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 to swine buccal epithelial cells involves fibronectin
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Canadian journal of veterinary research》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Roberto Hamer-Barrera Delfino Godínez V. Idalia Enríquez Sergio Vaca-Pacheco Rodrigo Martínez-Zú?iga Patricia Talamás-Rohana Francisco Suárez-Güemez Mireya de la Garza 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2004,68(1):33-41
The swine pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 was investigated for its ability to adhere to swine, rat, and human buccal epithelial cells (BEC). The highest number of bacteria adhered was to swine BEC. This binding ability was affected by heating, extreme pH, treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethylenediamine tetraacetate, or periodate, and proteolysis, suggesting that cell-surface glycoproteins participate in adherence and that adherence is based mostly on ionic interactions. Mannose and swine fibronectin may play a direct role in this interaction. Convalescent-phase serum from naturally infected pigs inhibited the adhesion. There was a correlation between bacterial pathogenicity as well as host specificity and the capacity for adherence to swine BEC. Adhesion to swine BEC provides a convenient method to study in vitro the adherence of A. pleuropneumoniae and other pathogens of the pig respiratory tract. 相似文献