居民收入差距对我国经济发展的影响

我国城乡之间、行业之间、区域之间、城镇（或农村）内部的收入差距不断扩大,影响了经济发展。可通过拓宽就业渠道,保障教育公平,深化收入分配制度改革等来缩小收入差距,促进经济发展。     

鹅副黏病毒HN基因真核表达载体在小鼠中的免疫效果

以大量提取的鹅副黏病毒(GPMV)HN基因真核表达载体pVAXⅠ-HN和空载体pVAXⅠ肌肉注射BALB/c小鼠。利用MTT法检测免疫小鼠的T细胞增殖活性,用ELISA方法检测小鼠血清中GPMV抗体,观察GPMV HN基因真核表达载体pVAXⅠ-HN在小鼠中的免疫效果。结果表明:试验组小鼠血清中GPMV特异性抗体水平显著高于对照组,ELISA试验结果OD492值分别为1.360 0±0.101 7和0.358 0±0.018 1;试验组与对照组的淋巴细胞增殖试验刺激指数(SI)差异不显著,其SI值分别为1.181 2±0.030 1和1.119 1±0.035 5。由此说明,GPMV HN基因真核表达载体可以诱导小鼠产生明显的体液免疫。     

The Avalon explosion: evolution of Ediacara morphospace

Ediacara fossils [575 to 542 million years ago (Ma)] represent Earth's oldest known complex macroscopic life forms, but their morphological history is poorly understood. A comprehensive quantitative analysis of these fossils indicates that the oldest Ediacara assemblage-the Avalon assemblage (575 to 565 Ma)-already encompassed the full range of Ediacara morphospace. A comparable morphospace range was occupied by the subsequent White Sea (560 to 550 Ma) and Nama (550 to 542 Ma) assemblages, although it was populated differently. In contrast, taxonomic richness increased in the White Sea assemblage and declined in the Nama assemblage. These diversity changes, occurring while morphospace range remained relatively constant, led to inverse shifts in morphological variance. The Avalon morphospace expansion mirrors the Cambrian explosion, and both events may reflect similar underlying mechanisms.     

干旱胁迫对大叶冬青叶片生理特性的影响

用PEG-6000模拟土壤干旱胁迫,对2年生大叶冬青叶片生理生化等指标进行研究.结果表明,随着胁迫程度的加强和时间的延长,叶片中叶绿素含量变化并不呈现单一的上升和下降;叶片中丙二醛的含量增幅较缓;保护酶的活性明显增强,SOD活性表现为先升后降;POD活性的变化呈现先升后降再升再降;CAT活性呈现先升后降再升的趋势.这3种保护酶协同作用,有效清除自由基,减轻干旱胁迫对细胞膜的伤害,增加了大叶冬青的抗旱性,试验说明了大叶冬青有较强的抗旱能力.     

补铜对铜缺乏奶牛血浆7项生化指标的影响

选择10头患铜缺乏症泌乳奶牛,每头牛内服硫酸铜4 g.d-1,每周1次,连续服用2周,测定补铜前后奶牛血浆Cu、SOD、BUN、Glu、TP、T-AOC、MDA含量。结果显示:试验奶牛补铜后,血浆BUN、TP、SOD水平略高于补铜前(P0.05),血浆Glu、Cu、T-AOC水平明显高于补铜前(P0.05或P0.01),血浆MDA水平显著低于补铜前(P0.01)。结论:补铜能有效的改善铜缺乏奶牛机体能量代谢和抗氧化能力。     

薇甘菊萎蔫病毒感染对薇甘菊光合特性和4种酶活性的影响

为明确薇甘菊萎蔫病毒(Mikania micrantha wilt virus,MMWV)对薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)叶片生理生化的影响,探讨了MMWV侵染对薇甘菊叶片超氧化物岐化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL)活性及叶绿素总含量和光合特性的影响.结果表明:MMWV感染薇甘菊16d内叶片的SOD活性均比对照组高,其中第16天达最大值,但接种后第24和32天SOD活性分别比对照低了13.28％和25.37％;POD活性在接种后16-32d均显著高于对照.PPO和PAL变化趋势相似,在接种后第8天这两个酶的活性分别比对照高了77.75％和23.58％,而在第32天分别比对照减少了14.27％和20.53％.随着侵染时间的增加,感病薇甘菊叶片中叶绿素含量减少,叶绿素a/b值逐步降低;同时最大净光合速率(Pmax)和光饱和点(LSP)分别比健康对照减少了32.34％和12.52％,而对暗呼吸速率(Rd),光补偿点(LCP)和表观量子效率(AQY)无显著影响.表明MMWV侵染可减低薇甘菊叶片光合作用的效率.     

太湖中大银鱼_太湖新银鱼和寡齿新银鱼群体的遗传结构

利用ＲＡＰＤ技术对太湖中的大银鱼,太湖新银鱼,寡齿新银鱼的遗传结构进行了研究,共在太湖中的６个采样片采到大银鱼和太湖新银鱼样品,在两个采样片得到了寡齿新银鱼的样品。结果表明,太湖中不同水域的三种银鱼没有明显的遗传差异,三种银鱼中,大银鱼的遗传相似性指数显示最大,太湖新银鱼的次之,寡齿新银鱼的最小,说明大银鱼的遗传变异性最小,寡齿新银鱼的最大,太湖新银鱼的遗传变异性界两者之间。     

The dynamics of bacterial community in a polyculture aquaculture system of Penaeus chinensis,Rhopilema esculenta and Sinonovacula constricta

Polyculture with Chinese shrimp Penaeus chinensis, jellyfish Rhopilema esculenta and razor clam Sinonovacula constricta (S.J.R) is a common aquaculture system in Dandong, China. Investigation on the composition and function of microbial communities and their relationship with environmental factors in aquaculture systems have crucial implications. Therefore, the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was applied to profile the bacterial community composition of water and sediment in S.J.R polyculture system in the present study. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in S.J.R polyculture ponds following with Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in water; in contrast, more diverse phyla were detected in sediments. Water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were determined the bacterial community composition in the S.J.R polyculture systems. Specially, Planktomarina, PS1 clade, Candidatus Aquiluna and Fibrobacteres, which can resist the phytoplankton blooms or degrade the cellulose, were more abundant in water at the early stage of cultivation in the S.J.R polyculture system. Moreover, the functions of bacterial communities in water were mainly associated with cell communication mediated, while the functions related to basal metabolism were enriched in sediments. The findings of this study allowed us to better understand the bacterial community in the S.J.R polyculture system and accumulated data for the improvement of cultural management.     

昆明市盘龙江滨水绿地植物群落的特征分析

以盘龙江滨水植物为研究对象,采取实地调查、数据收集和数据处理的研究方法,对48个样方及74个典型群落进行了深入调查.分析并总结了盘龙江滨水植物群落的特征,提出了滨水绿地植物发展的建议以供滨水绿地的景观设计与营造参考.     

重庆市潼南区水土流失重点防治区划分研究

水土流失重点防治区划分是水土保持规划的重要组成部分.在重庆市市级水土流失重点防治区划分的基础上,结合潼南区实际情况,以村为基本划分单元,运用ArcGIS空间分析工具,采用定量指标与定性指标相结合的方法,建立专题图层数据库,采用空间分析法进行了潼南区水土流失重点防治区划分,确定重点预防区面积为112.41 km2、重点治...