小球藻水环境毒理学研究进展及应用前景

小球藻作为水体中的初级生产者,是水生生态系统不可或缺的一部分,对促进物质循环、能量流动有着重要意义,同时也是水环境毒理学评价的标准试验藻种。为了给小球藻的水生态风险评估及相应产品的开发提供参考数据,本文系统分析了小球藻培养影响因素,概括了其产生的毒理效应,并对其营养价值与应用前景等进行了综述。本文认为温度、光照、pH、营养盐、氮磷比是小球藻规模化培养过程中的影响因素,重金属、农药、新型纳米材料、抗生素等污染物可对小球藻产生毒性效应,小球藻在污水处理、生物能源等领域具有较好的应用前景。     

云南烟叶可持续发展规范(STP)推广成效与启示

可持续发展是烟草行业现代化的发展方向,也是增强烟草行业核心竞争力的重要主题。笔者分析了2017—2020年云南省烟叶可持续发展规范(STP)的实施情况及对云南烟叶出口量的影响,总结了领导机制的建设、专项资金的灵活使用、人才队伍的建设、数字化管理平台的构建方面的主要做法。认为云南STP的实施间接地影响了全省烟叶安全性、生产方式及生产管理理念,云南烟叶出口适销率逐年上升。结合云南烟叶生产实际,为保障STP生产管理的有效实施,提出建立STP行业标准、强化劳动用工规范、推进质量追溯、以绿色销售拉动绿色生产。     

Effects of berberine on IL-1 or tumour necrosis factor induced polymorphonuclear leucocyte－endothelium adhesion

AIM:To investigate the effect of berberine on IL-1 or tumour necrosis factor (TNF) induced polymorphonuclear leucocyte(PMN)-endothelium adhesion and adhesion molecules.METHODS:Based on the model of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), this study adopted Rose Bengal Stain, cell ELISA, immunocyto-chemical techniques to investigate the effect of berberine on PMN-endothelium adhesion and the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).RESULTS:Berberine inhibited IL-1, TNF-induced HUVEC adhesion for PMN when pretreated HUVEC and antagonised IL-1, TNF-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 on HUVEC. Meanwhile, TNF-stimulated PMN adhesion for HUVEC and CD18 upexpression on PMN was diminished in the presence of berberine.CONCLUSION: Inhibite PMN-endothelium adhesion by downregulating the CAMs expression to inhibite PMN migration across endothelium is one of the mechanisms of antiinflammation of berberine.     

Study on the relationship between melatonin and hepatic encephalopathy

AIM:To explore the relationship between change of serum melatonin (MT) and pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). METHODS: Changes of MT level in sera of cirrhosic patients with HE and without HE were determined by ELISA, normal serum served as control. The change of serum MT level in exacerbation and remission in HE was also determined.RESULTS:MT level in patients with HE was higher than that withour HE (P＜0.01). MT levels of both groups were higher than that of normal group (P＜0.01). They were (308.53±59.07) ng/L, (139.85±34.59)ng/L,(77.73±28.41)ng/L, respectively. Serum MT level in exacerbation was higher than that in remission (P＜0.01), they were (301.52±66.42)ng/L and (147.81±23.31) ng/L, respectively. CONCLUSION: The elevation of MT content in sera may be closely related to the onset of hepatic coma.     

Rapamycin promotes repair of neurovascular units after ischemic stroke

Neurovascular unit （NVU） is composed of neurons, endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, macrophages/microglia, smooth muscle cells, extracellular matrix, etc, and plays vital roles in maintenance of the normal brain tissue function and cellular homeostasis. Cerebral ischemia caused by stroke can harm various components of NVU. Repairing damaged NVU and maintaining its structural and functional integrity are an effective way to improve stroke treatment. Resent research has found that rapamycin not only enhances autophagy of neurons but also effectively repairs the injuried components of NVU , thereby reducing neural damage after stroke. In this paper, the mechanisms of rapamycin underlying the repair of injured NVU after ischemic stroke is reviewed to provide guidance for its application in the treatment of stroke.     

不同育肥及屠宰体重对杂交商品猪生长性能及胴体肉品质的影响研究

试验研究了不同育肥及屠宰体重对试验猪的生长性能及胴体肉品质的影响,结果显示:育肥结束体重在85~110kg阶段对试验猪的日增重和饲料报酬影响不显著;屠宰体重对试验猪的屠宰率、pH值和肌内脂肪影响显著;采用综合选择指数就不同育肥及屠宰体重对试验猪的影响进行综合评定,结果表明,试验猪体重在85~90 kg结束育肥并屠宰时育肥性能及胴体肉品质的综合选择指数最大。     

蜜蜂蜂群中未受精卵的辨认与监督

以中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂为实验材料,研究了中华蜜蜂群间以及中华蜜蜂与意大利蜜蜂种间未受精卵的辨认与监督行为特性。结果表明:中华蜜蜂蜂群中工蜂对群间未受精卵的辨认与监督效果差异不显著,卵的剩余率都在93%以上;但在中华蜜蜂蜂群中,工蜂在2 h之内把意大利蜜蜂未受精卵全部清理,而保留了89%以上的中华蜜蜂未受精卵;在意大利蜜蜂蜂群中,工蜂会在4 h之内把中华蜜蜂未受精卵全部清理,但保留了94%的意大利蜜蜂未受精卵。     

不同基因型菜心-土壤系统中邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯的分布特征研究

在邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）不同污染程度的水稻土上盆栽8种不同基因型菜心,应用GC／MS技术,研究DEHP在不同基因型菜心-土壤系统中的累积效应和分布规律。结果表明,不同基因型菜心茎叶和根系对DEHP的吸收累积存在明显差异,其中新选45天油菜心和油青60天菜心茎叶中DEHP的含量相对较高,特青60天菜心和新选油青四九菜心茎叶中DEHP的含量相对较低;亚蔬全年油绿甜菜心、油青60天菜心和四九-19菜心根系中DEHP的含量相对较高。新种油青四九-31菜心和新选油青四九菜心、特青60天菜心根系中DEHP的含量相对较低。各基因型菜心根系中DEHP的含量均高于其茎叶,其含量高低关系较复杂,部分基因型菜心茎叶中DEHP的含量与叶面积大小存在一定的正相关关系,且与污染程度有关。盆栽后新选油青四九菜心和特青60天菜心土壤中DEHP的残留量较高,盆栽佰顺811菜心、亚蔬全年油绿甜菜心、油青60天菜心和新选45天油菜心土壤中DEHP的残留量较低。总体上,油青60天菜心茎叶和根系中DEHP的含量均较高,而土壤中DEHP的残留量较低;新选油青四九菜心茎叶和根系中DEHP的含量均较低。土壤中DEHP的残留量却较高。     

中国古代私人藏书发展述略

我国藏书的历史源远流长,私人藏书的起源至少可追溯至春秋战国时期,古代私人藏书可以分为4个时期:兴起时期,发展时期,繁荣时期和鼎盛时期。私人藏书的发展繁荣除了社会的发展进步之外,人口的增加也是重要的原因。各个时期呈现出各自的发展特点,但是,总的发展呈现出藏书者的文化性、利用的专用性和分布的地域性特征。     

科技期刊页码编排问题分析

参照国家现行的《科学技术期刊编辑格式》（GB/T 3179）,对我国公开出版的科技期刊页码编排规范情况进行了调查。结果发现少数期刊页码编排存在跳码、重码、漏码、错码、单双页码位置颠倒、加码和暗码太多等问题。建议载文短的科技期刊篇首页尽量不要采用暗码编排,以利发挥页码的功能、方便读者查阅和复制。