Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulates oxidant/antioxidant balance in rat with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

AIM: To investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in the protection against oxidative stress in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).METHODS: The rat model of COPD was established by cigarette smoking (CS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation. Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, CS+LPS group, CS+LPS+NaHS (H₂S donor) group and CS+LPS+PPG (DL-propargylglycine, an inhibitor of cystathionine-γ-lyase) group. After 30 days, the lung functions of the rats were measured, the histological changes of lungs were observed under light microscope and the pathological scores were calculated. The H₂S level in plasma and the protein expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) in the lung tissues were measured. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were detected to reflect oxidative stress.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) decreased by 24% and intra-pressure (IP) increased by 66% in CS+LPS group. The pathological scores of the lung tissues also increased. Compared with CS+LPS group, no change in the lung function was observed after given NaHS or PPG, but the pathological scores decreased in CS+ LPS+ NaHS group. Compared with control group, the content of H₂S in plasma was increased by 26% on day 16. Compared with CS+LPS group, the content of H₂S in plasma of CS+LPS+PPG group was decreased by 22% after 30 days. Compared with control group, the protein expression of CSE increased, and no statistical difference among CS+LPS group, CS+ LPS+ NaHS group and CS+LPS+PPG group was observed. Compared with control group, MDA content in the lung tissues was increased by 24% in CS+LPS group, the activity of SOD was increased by 47% and the activity of CAT was increased by 52%. Compared with CS+LPS group, the MDA content in CS+LPS+NaHS group was decreased by 21%, and no statistical difference in the activity of SOD and CAT was observed. The activity of SOD decreased by 33% after given PPG.CONCLUSION: H₂S plays a role as anti-oxidant in the rats with COPD. The CSE/ H₂S pathway may be involved in the development of COPD.     

地方高校基于培养学生创新能力的“食品微生物学”课程教学

食品微生物学是食品类专业的主干课程之一,其教学效果的好坏对该专业人才培养有极其重要的作用。现有的教学方式不能实现食品微生物学作为一门实践性学科应有的作用。在食品微生物学教学改革中,结合学生对食品微生物学的认识,筛选科研素材和新产品,并在理论和实践教学中引导学生开展科研创新训练。通过改革,旨在达到增强学生创新能力、提高学生综合素质和应用微生物学知识进行食品行业的创新和产品升级。     

血清对水牛卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精及早期胚胎发育的影响

从屠宰场收集了本地水牛55头、黑白花奶牛22头的卵巢共获卵泡847枚,平均每个水牛卵巢回收3.67枚可用卵母细胞,约为黑白花奶牛(10.23枚/头)的1/3。试验分别采用添加与不添加血清的培养液体外成熟培养水牛卵母细胞,结果二者的成熟率无明显毒性差异(58.23%对56.67%),但体外受精后早期胚胎发育的8-细胞率有显著差异(35.4%对23.0%),表明体外成熟液中有无血清对水牛卵母细胞体外成熟率没有影响,但血清对卵母细胞的早期胚胎发育有重要影响。进一步比较成熟液中不添加血清但在受精液及胚胎液中添加血清和在各个阶段均有血清参与的早期胚胎发育率(8-细胞率),表明二者差异不显著(33.8%对35.4%)。经无血清成熟培养液培养的成熟卵母细胞可以经孤雌激活后得到早期胚胎(4细胞)。     

城市隧道事故车辆“快递”装置

近年来隧道作为城市道路的一种形式大量建设,并作为城市快速路或主干路的一部分。隧道内一旦发生事故,事故地点将成为交通瓶颈,通行能力急剧下降,若不及时清除事故车辆,易导致隧道及相邻路网的严重瘫痪。本文结合南京市玄武湖隧道,设计隧道内事故车辆的快速运输装置,旨在对事故车辆进行"快递",将事故的时间损失降到最低,尽快恢复隧道畅通。     

马铃薯32 kD抗菌蛋白的cDNA分子克隆研究

以马铃薯抗青枯病品种为试验材料,采用ｍＲＮＡ微量制备和ｃＤＮＡ快速合成系统,以噬菌体λｇｔ１１为载体,构建ｃＤＮＡ表达文库。以３２ｋＤ抗菌蛋白ＡＰＩ抗体为探针,采用免疫杂交技术筛选得到了阳性克隆。     

圆叶决明草粉替代不同比例精料喂兔效果研究

利用豆科牧草圆叶决明Chamaecrista routundifolia CPI34721草粉分别以10%,15%,20%不同比例替代精料进行肉兔喂养试验.试验结果表明:与对照相比较,在兔只平均日增重、饲料利用率方面,各处理与对照差异不显著.替代10%和15%精料处理可显著提高兔肉品质,替代20%精料的处理在经济效益方面最佳,可提高经济效益5.15%.     

基于生化数据处理模型的测控软件开发策略

为改变国产生化分析仪器测控软件功能单一的落后状况,针对非生化检测专业的软件开发人员提出了一种基于生化数据处理模型的测控软件开发策略。详细地分析了软件总体结构、测试机理和数据库操作方面的策略内容,对于生化数据的处理和分析提出了三种数据处理模型,并设计了其中一种程序流程。     

矾根主要品种的叶色表型性状分析

通过目测进行分类的方式很难准确界定矾根品种叶色。为建立一套更为科学的基于叶色表型的矾根品种分类体系,笔者利用色差仪对72个矾根品种共计432个样品的叶色进行测定,对获得的L、a、b 3个色度值进行聚类分析,将72个矾根品种分为褐色系、深绿色系、黄色系、灰绿色系、浅绿色系5类色系。对矾根品种各色系的L、a、b值进行相关性分析,发现叶片正面的L值与a值、a值与b值呈负相关,L值与b值呈正相关,但相关性不明显;叶片背面的L值与a值、a值与b值呈负相关,L值与b值呈显著正相关。从多重比较的结果中可以看出,矾根品种各色系之间的L、a、b色度值差异显著,尤其是各色系间叶正面的颜色差异较大,在矾根品种选育工作中,叶片正面的颜色将作为主要参考。     

商品有机肥对水稻生长、产量及稻米品质影响

以上海目前正在推广的商品有机肥为研究对象,以有机无机结合施肥的方式,围绕高产、优质、安全的生产目标,通过田间小区试验,表明在一定量的氮化肥条件下,增施商品有机肥对水稻有显著的增产作用。土壤肥力中等地区,水稻田以基施商品有机肥4500~6000 kg/hm2,再施氮化肥225~255 kg/hm2为宜,从而大幅度地降低氮化肥的用量;通过对稻米品质和土壤分析,明确了增施商品有机肥可提高稻米品质,改善土壤理化性状。     

蜜蜂肠道菌群的调节作用及影响因素

近年来, 蜜蜂数量的大量减少导致全球养蜂业面临重要的经济损失,并对农业各个方面造成了严重后果。最新的研究表明肠道菌群与宿主的健康息息相关。综述了肠道菌群的种类和特性,阐述了肠道菌群在蜜蜂等昆虫健康中的调节作用及影响肠道菌群的因素,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。