黑色素分析指标的研究进展及其应用

动物体组织中的黑色素主要分为真黑素和脱黑素,应用红外光谱（IR）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）可以对黑色素进行定性及定量分析,并且该方法简单易行,应用广泛。作者总结黑色素的分类、定性、定量分析方法,并对HPLC的应用做了详细阐述。     

两种细度测量仪对羊毛纤维直径测定的对比分析

为了检验国产动物纤维细度自动测量仪奥达2000的稳定性和准确性,分别用进口的OFDA100细度仪和国产动物纤维细度自动测量仪对来自314只细毛羊的毛样进行测定,再对两者测得的数据作配对性t检验。检验结果表明,二者间差异不显著（P>0.05）。因此,国产动物纤维细度自动测量仪奥达2000性能与OFDA100细度仪没有差异,可以代替进口细度仪OFDA100。     

兔防御素cDNA表达质粒的构建及其表达

将兔防御素（MCP－1）cDNA插入真核表达载体pcDNA3的EcorRⅠ和XbaⅠ酶切位点之间，构建了兔MCP－1cDNA的真核表达质粒pcDEF。通过脂质体转染，使兔MCP－1 cDNA在COS－7细胞中表达，在转染60、84、108h后，提取总RNA。采用RT－PCR，在288bp的位置扩增出1条特异性带；RNA斑点印迹杂交表明，兔MCP－1 cDNA在60、84、108h均有表达。     

LRH-3、PMSG、HCG对人工授精母蓝狐产仔效果影响的比较(Ⅲ)

通过PMSG +LRH - 3和PMSG +HCG的组合使用 ,结果表明 ,使用PMSG +LRH - 3的试验组母狐的产仔率比对照组提高了 2 0 % ,胎平均产仔数提高了 0 2只。而使用PMSG +HCG组合母狐的产仔率与对照组相同 ,但胎平均产仔数提高了 0 5只。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠生殖机能的影响

选用22d断奶SD大鼠高频饮用牛奶或葡萄糖40d,分别记录各组动物的阴道开张时间和阴道黏液、每周日增重、卵巢及子宫所占体重百分比、血糖水平,收集卵巢进行组织学处理以观察卵泡发育情况,探讨高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠初情期的影响.结果显示,奶组和糖组大鼠较对照组阴道开张时间来得早,预示初情期可能提前,而且,奶组和糖组大鼠的卵巢占体重百分比较对照组高(P＜0.05).牛奶组血糖水平比对照组高,但糖组与对照组血糖水平差异不显著.通过对卵巢进行石蜡切片、HE染色及卵泡计数,结果显示:奶组的闭锁卵泡、每张切片卵泡总平均数都比对照组多(P＜0.05),而葡萄糖组的黄体数比对照组少(P＜0.05).试验表明高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖可对性成熟前雌性大鼠的生殖机能产生一定影响.     

哺乳动物卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻保存的研究进展

综述了近年来关于哺乳动物卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻保存的研究进展,并对这项技术的发展前景进行展望。重点讨论了影响哺乳动物卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻保存的几种因素,包括冷冻保护剂的种类和浓度、冷冻方法和卵母细胞所处的发育阶段等,以及冷冻过程中细胞膜、微丝、微管、皮质颗粒、纺锤体和线粒体等出现的损伤。目前,玻璃化冷冻法存在的最主要问题是冷冻过程中造成超微结构不可逆转的损伤影响胚胎发育,亟待解决。     

全棉籽对阉牛育肥性能、胴体性状及肉质的影响

本试验旨在探讨日粮中全棉籽替代棉籽饼和棉油对肥育阉牛肉用性能的影响.试验选取40头体况良好、平均初始体质量为(454.37±42.42)kg的利木赞杂交阉牛,随机分为4组,每组10头牛,分别饲喂4种不同全棉籽含量的精饲料(对照组0％,低全棉籽组7.1％,中全棉籽组13.5％,高全棉籽组22.0％),育肥期90 d.结果表明,日粮中全棉籽含量对肉牛干物质采食量、肉骨比、优质肉块百分比、pH、肌肉、肾脏、肺脏中棉酚残留量及血清生化指标无显著影响(P＞0.05);对肉牛日增体质量、胴体质量、屠宰率、净肉率、眼肌面积、背膘厚、饲料报酬、饲料成本、肝脏和心脏中棉酚残留量、剪切力、肉色等常规成分有显著影响(P＜0.05);日粮全棉籽含量为22.0％时,胴体质量、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积、优质肉块质量、肌间脂肪在4个试验组中最低.结果表明,育肥阉牛日粮中用全棉籽替代棉籽饼和棉籽油会提高肉牛的生长速度,但会降低屠宰性能和胴体品质.     

Effect of Luteolin on Blood Indexes,Liver and Kidney in Mice with Acute Mercury Poisoning

To study the effect of luteolin on blood indexes,liver and kidney in mice with acute mercury poisoning,28 mice were randomly divided into four groups:Control group (intraperitoneal injection 0.9% saline),luteolin group (lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin),mercuric chloride group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercury chloride) and mercury chloride+luteolin group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercuric chloride,lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin).The activities of ALT in serum,AST,CREA and BUN contents,blood WBC,RBC,HGB content and GSH and MDA contents of liver tissue were detected.Morphological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed.The results showed that compared with the control group,the activities of ALT and AST of mercuric chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01),serum CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents were significantly increased (P < 0.05) while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were obviously.Compared with mercuric chloride group,the activities of ALT,AST in serum,CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents of mercuric chloride+luteolin group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05),while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly elevated (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were attenuated obviously.The poisoning were characterized by inflammation and the occurrence of anemia when acute mercury poisoning occurred,liver and kidney showed different degrees of injury in mice.Luteolin could reduce the toxic effects of acute mercury poisoning on blood,liver and kidney.     

乳及乳制品中三聚氰胺检测方法的研究进展

本文综述乳及乳制品中三聚氰胺的分析检测方法,对其优缺点进行分析比较,并对前处理过程中出现的问题进行讨论.