板栗品质与土壤地球化学关系研究进展

板栗具有较高的经济价值,但其地域性较强,品质差异较大。综述了近年来板栗营养品质的评价指标体系的研究进展,板栗品质与土壤性质的关系以及板栗品质和土壤地球化学元素间关系的研究进展,并对板栗产量、质量和施肥技术间的关系进行了分析和论述,最后指出了存在的问题,并对提高板栗营养品质提出了几点建议。     

高铜日粮及补硒对瘦肉型生长肥育猪生长性能及组织结构的影响

选用35日龄杜施杂1代断奶仔猪40头,随机分成4组进行高铜及补硒试验.结果表明,Cu 125 ppm+Se 0.3 ppm(Ⅱ组)效果最佳,日增重比 Cu 4.36 ppm+Se 0.3 ppm(Ⅰ组)约提高15.9%(P<0.05);全期耗料较Ⅰ组下降12.6%.Cu 250 ppm+Se 0.3 ppm(Ⅲ组)与Ⅰ组的日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),耗料较Ⅰ组下降8.0%.但Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组日增重差异不显著(P>0.05).补 Cu250 ppm 不加 Se(Ⅳ组)与Ⅲ组相比,日增重约减少27.2%(P<0.01),耗料则较Ⅲ组高23.7%.屠体组织切片观察表明,添加高剂量铜(125或250 ppm)对机体组织均不产生病变,但各组的骨骼肌纤维粗细与十二指肠杯状细胞大小有明显的不同,均为Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅳ.     

论坝上半干旱区农业抗逆稳产的技术途径与对策

通过对冀西北坝上半干旱区农业生产基本条件的分析,阐明了该区障碍农业发展的主要因素,提出了该区增强与促进农业抗逆稳产、实现农牧业持续发展的指导思想及7项技术措施。     

Effects of Cd and Pb pollution on soil enzymatic activities and soil microbiota

Based on a representative sampling method and pot experiment with different concentrations of Cd and Pd, the enzymatic activities (urease, phosphatase, catalase, invertase), population of bacteria, fungus and actinomycete in the soil, the Cd and Pd pollution status of soil samples (from the wastewater-irrigated area of Baoding suburb) were appraised. Unitary linear and nonlinear curve-fitting optimization models were applied in the research, and the relationship between Pb and Cd causing pollution and enzymatic activities of the tested soils were discussed. The research may provide a theoretical basis for protecting the environment in the region of Baiyangdian Lake, Hebei province, prevent soil pollution, and ascertain biochemical indexes, which reflect soil heavy metal pollution levels. The research results indicated that: (1) there was obvious accumulation of Pb and Cd in the wastewater-irrigated area, also the accumulation in wastewater-irrigated soil is more than that in fresh water-irrigated soil, and accumulation on surface layer was more than that in the lower layer. Pb and Cd contents in the tested soils exceeded the standards of soil background values for some major cities at home and abroad and the world soil Cd and Pb contents range. This means that the tested soil had reached a lightly polluted level; (2) there existed an obvious negative correlation between soil enzymatic activities and Pb and Cd contents in wastewater-irrigated soil, where the soil urease and catalase activities decreased obviously with the increase of Pb and Cd contents in soil. Therefore, the urease and catalase can be considered as biochemical indexes that reflect the degree of soil Pb and Cd pollution; (3) the pot experiments indicated that the influence of Cd on soil enzymatic activities was greater than that of Pb. Generally, the effect of Cd on soil phosphatase, urease, catalase is more obvious than that on invertase, while Pb has a more obvious effect on invertase than Cd; (4) pot experiments of triple cropping showed that, Cd and Pb had an obvious inhibiting effect on microbes. The influence sensitivity of Cd and Pb on different microbes was ordered as bacteria > actinomycete > fungus. Cd had a greater inhibiting effect on microbes than Pb, the influence of Cd and Pb on actinomycete and fungus was relatively smaller, therefore, bacteria can be chosen as an important index that reflects the effect of Cd and Pb on microbe sensitivity.     

吉林林区养老社会保障制度的改革和完善

指出了吉林林区养老保障制度存在的问题，论证了深入改革的必要性和改革目标，同时对建立养老保障制度中一些主要问题提出了解决的办法．     

用模糊综合评判模型预测番茄早疫病

本文讨论了用模糊综合评判模型预测呼包二市番茄早疫病的建模过程,比较了5种模型和两种模糊评判向量取值的预测效果。模糊向量取相关系数的预测结果较好,准确率在85～100%。     

不同菌株绿僵菌酯酶型与其致病力的关系

对17株绿僵菌的酯酶同工酶培养特性和毒力进行了比较研究。结果表明:不同菌株酯酶同工酶型不同,绿僵菌的毒力与酶型及菌株培养特性有一定相关性。同工酶型可作为毒力筛选和鉴定绿僵菌种的标志。     

城市园林绿化及其关键技术

论述了园林学内容、研究现状及其发展趋势，概括了城市园林绿化的概念和作用，阐述了园林与绿化的内在关系，系统地探讨了绿地规划设计、植物造景、植物配置、植物群落构建、良种选育、培育管理等城市园林绿化的关键技术。     

亚热带丘陵人工草地管理与利用(1988年)

我国近年来在亚热带低山丘陵区的生态条件下,建植人工草地面积颇大,为发展畜牧业奠定了一定基础.但因草地管理粗放,草地利用不轻则重,经济效益不高.本文从实际出发,结合工作实践,对人工草地放牧利用,杂草侵入与防除,封育更新等问题提出了有效可行的建议,其目的在于管好用好草地,提高经济效益,促进种草养畜事业持续发展.     

饲粮添加蛋氨酸与甜菜碱对仔鹅生长性能 和屠宰性能交互作用研究

旨在研究饲粮中添加蛋氨酸与甜菜碱对21~70日龄扬州鹅生长性能、体尺性状、屠宰性能和器官指数的影响。采用2×3二因子试验设计,研究在蛋氨酸相对缺乏的扬州鹅饲粮中添加3个水平蛋氨酸(0,600和1200mg·kg-1)和2个水平甜菜碱(0和600 mg·kg-1)对仔鹅的影响。选取体重接近的18日龄扬州鹅公鹅300只,随机分成6组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。21日龄开始正式试验,为期49 d。结果表明:1饲粮中添加蛋氨酸对70日龄体重影响显著,1200 mg·kg-1蛋氨酸添加组仔鹅体重显著高于未添加组(P0.05)。2饲粮中添加蛋氨酸对胫围和胸宽影响显著,600和1200 mg·kg-1蛋氨酸添加组胫围和胸宽显著大于未添加组(P0.05);600 mg·kg-1甜菜碱添加组龙骨长、胫围和胸深显著高于未添加组(P0.05);添加蛋氨酸与甜菜碱水平对胫围有显著的交互作用(P0.05)3饲粮中添加甜菜碱对屠宰性能有显著影响(P0.05),添加600 mg·kg-1甜菜碱显著提高了全净膛率(P0.05);添加蛋氨酸与甜菜碱水平对屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率均有显著的交互作用(P0.05)。饲粮中添加适宜水平的蛋氨酸(3400 mg·kg-1)有利于提高仔鹅的生长性能,添加甜菜碱对仔鹅体重生长、饲料转化效率及屠体指标等没有显著作用,蛋氨酸与甜菜碱互作更有利于促进仔鹅的骨骼发育,改善仔鹅的屠宰性能。