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51.
Dong Ruan Qiuli Fan Ahmed Mohamed Fouad Yunyun Sun Shengshu Huang Aiji Wu Chuxiao Lin Zhixiang Kuang Chang Zhang Shouqun Jiang 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(2)
Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P < 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P < 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P < 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition. 相似文献
52.
Taesik Yun Yoonhoi Koo Sanggu Kim Wonguk Lee Hakhyun Kim Dongwoo Chang Soochong Kim Mhan-Pyo Yang Byeong-Teck Kang 《The Veterinary quarterly》2021,41(1):163
An 8-year-old neutered male Yorkshire Terrier dog presented with head pressing, vestibular ataxia, neck tenderness, and no oculocephalic reflex. A demarcated lesion in the pons was identified on MRI. The patient was tentatively diagnosed with a glioma and was treated with hydroxyurea plus imatinib and prednisolone. After 30 days of therapeutic treatment, the patient showed a clear improvement in neurological signs, which lasted for 1117 days. On day 569 after the initiation of treatment, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) was performed with no significant findings on visual analysis. The average and maximal standardized uptake values (SUVs) were 1.92 and 2.29, respectively. The tumor-to-normal-tissue (T/N) ratio was 0.97. The first evidence of clinical deterioration was noticed on day 1147. On day 1155, 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-l-phenylalanine (18F-FDOPA)-PET was performed. High uptake of 18F-FDOPA was observed in the intracranial lesion. The mean and maximal SUVs of the tumor were 1.59 and 2.29, respectively. The T/N ratio was 2.22. The patient was euthanized on day 1155 and histopathologic evaluations confirmed glioma (astrocytoma). This case shows that chemotherapy with hydroxyurea plus imatinib may be considered in the treatment of canine glioma. Furthermore, this is the first case describing the application of 18F-FDG and 18F-FDOPA in a dog with glioma. 相似文献
53.
旨在研究猪C1QTNF3基因可变剪接体的特性及miR-101通过C1QTNF3基因促进猪脂肪SV细胞成脂分化的机制。本研究采集3头30日龄健康马身猪仔公猪心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、股二头肌、腰大肌、皮下脂肪和背部脂肪组织样品,首先利用RT-PCR技术和生物信息学方法对C1QTNF3基因的不同转录本进行扩增和生物学特性分析,采用qRT-PCR技术检测C1QTNF3基因不同转录本在猪组织中的表达变化。随后,利用生物信息学预测发现,C1QTNF3上游的调控因子是miR-101,采用双荧光素酶报告试验验证miR-101对C1QTNF3的调控作用。最后,利用油红O染色和qRT-PCR技术检测过表达miR-101对猪脂肪SV细胞成脂分化的影响。基因克隆得到猪C1QTNF3存在两个转录本C1QTNF3和C1QTNF3-1,其中C1QTNF3-1为新鉴定的转录本;测序分析显示,与C1QTNF3相比,C1QTNF3-1的第1外显子区域缺失了219个碱基,少编码73个氨基酸。进化树分析显示,猪C1QTNF3和C1QTNF3-1蛋白序列与人和马来亚穿山甲等物种的亲缘关系较近。C1QTNF3和C1QTNF3-1在猪各组织中均有表达,且在各组织中C1QTNF3-1的表达量均极显著高于C1QTNF3(P<0.01)。过表达miR-101极显著下调C1QTNF3 3'UTR区域的荧光素酶活性(P<0.01)和C1QTNF3 mRNA的表达(P<0.01),同时增加了脂肪细胞成脂分化关键基因PPARγ、C/EBPβ、SREBP-1c和FABP4的mRNA表达量(P<0.01)。本试验成功克隆了猪C1QTNF3基因的两个可变剪接体,其中C1QTNF3-1在猪不同组织中均高表达,推测该转录本为基因发挥功能的主要亚型。并深入研究了C1QTNF3基因的上游调控因子,揭示了miR-101靶向C1QTNF3促进成脂分化的机制,丰富了C1QTNF3的生物学作用和调控网络。 相似文献
54.
为从基因组水平上探究香猪性成熟早、产仔数少、体型小的分子机理,本研究下载与香猪在繁殖和体型性状方面有明显差异的梅山猪、杜洛克猪的重测序数据作为参照,对26头香猪、24头梅山猪和24头杜洛克猪的重测序数据进行SNPs检测和等位基因频率差值分析,筛选香猪基因组外显子上与梅山猪、杜洛克猪高度分化的SNPs位点,并使用AS-PCR方法和Sanger测序方法统计其中8个SNPs位点的群体等位基因频率。最后,对含有高度分化SNPs位点的基因进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路分析。结果显示,SNPs检测获得香猪基因组外显子上SNPs共236 710个,包括193个终止密码子丢失、1 238个终止密码子获得、90 945个错义SNPs和144 334个同义SNPs。得到1 046个香猪高度分化SNPs,包括429个错义SNPs、2个终止子丢失、6个终止子获得和609个同义SNPs,影响524个蛋白质编码基因;并发现X染色体上44-58 Mb的一段富含高度分化SNPs的热点区域。群体等位基因频率验证结果与重测序结果一致,鉴定了8个位点均为香猪与梅山猪、杜洛克猪高度分化的SNPs。对524个含有高度分化SNPs的基因进行GO和KEGG分析,富集到卵母细胞减数分裂、雌激素信号途径等繁殖相关通路;GO功能注释到细胞内雌激素受体信号、纤毛运动等繁殖相关条目,骨骼系统形态发生、骨骼发育、成骨细胞分化等体型相关条目。得到含有香猪高度分化SNPs的18个繁殖性状候选基因PTGFR、TRO、DNAH17、PKDREJ、KAT8、DNAI2、VDR、TEX14、QSOX1、AR、WNK3、ADCY3、SPEF1、MIGA2、SLC2A8、PSMF1、TBC1D20、IFT172和7个体型相关基因IBSP、NR6A1、HSPG2、TARS、PDZD2、FGF4、AMER1,可能是决定香猪性成熟早、产仔数少、体型小的关键基因。 相似文献
55.
56.
The objective of this study was to develop equations for estimating ileal digestible crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents of meat meal (MM) and meat and bone meal (MBM) as feed ingredients for pigs based on in vitro assays. Test ingredients were 4 sources of MM and 3 sources of MBM. Ash and CP contents of the ingredients ranged from 3.8% to 33.1% and 46.8% to 82.9% (as-is basis), respectively. In vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) of CP was determined and ileal digestible CP content was calculated by multiplying CP content by IVID of CP. In vitro total tract disappearance (IVTTD) of dry matter (DM) was determined and ME was calculated using gross energy, CP contents, and IVTTD of DM. The IVID of CP and IVTTD of DM ranged from 77.2% to 88.7% and from 82.7% to 92.4%, respectively. Calculated ileal digestible CP and ME contents ranged from 37.8% to 73.5% DM and 2,405 to 3,905 kcal/kg DM, respectively. Ash contents were negatively correlated (P < 0.001) with CP (r = −0.99), in vitro ileal digestible CP (r = −0.97), gross energy (r = −1.00), in vitro digestible energy (r = −0.97), and adjusted ME (r = −0.97). The most fitting equations for ileal digestible CP and adjusted ME were: ileal digestible CP (% DM) = 11.91 − 0.90 × Ash (% DM) + 0.74 × IVID of CP (%) (R2 = 0.99) and adjusted ME (kcal/kg DM) = 130.85 − 50.90 × ash (% DM) + 47.06 × IVTTD of DM (%) (R2 = 0.99). To validate the accuracy of the prediction equations for ME, mean bias and linear bias were determined using a regression analysis. Calculated ME values of MM and MBM were in a good agreement with data obtained from animal experiments based on a statistically insignificant bias in the models. In conclusion, ME concentrations of MM and MBM as swine feed ingredients can be calculated using ash concentration and in vitro disappearance of dry matter. 相似文献
57.
野生二粒小麦与野生燕麦族间杂交研究——Ⅱ、杂种 F_2成株期形态学和细胞学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
野生二粒小麦与野生燕麦杂交F_2共61株,其中抽穗前(?)亡和黄化未能抽穗的共21株。分离出野生二粒小麦型、硬粒小麦型、斯卑尔脱小麦型、燕麦型和普通小麦型。野生二粒小麦型结实率11.2~63.5%,PMC染色体数为27~36。硬粒小麦型结实正常,PMC染色体数为2n=14″。斯卑尔脱小麦型结实率2.7~43.4%,PMC染色体数为37~50。燕麦型结实基本正常,PMC染色体数为41~43,出现1~2个单价体。普通小麦型的护颖包裹籽粒较松,不断穗节,容易脱粒,染色体数为39~45,结实率1.2~68.2%。杂种F_2不同类型植株的PMC染色体数为27~50,每株能抽穗扬花的植株都能结实,结实率1.2~92.3%。杂种F_2的小麦型中有一部分植株的芒长在外颖背上,表现出燕麦族的分类特征性状。 相似文献
58.
Georgia Ane Raquel Sehn Amanda de Cssia Nogueira Eveline Lopes Almeida Yoon Kil Chang Caroline Joy Steel 《Cereal Chemistry》2015,92(4):405-410
This study evaluated the influence of calcium and magnesium ions on the empirical rheological properties of wheat flour to verify possible effects of these ions on processing because, in addition to their nutritional importance, they are also responsible for water hardness. Calcium (0–1.30 g/100 g) and magnesium (0–0.34 g/100 g) ions from sulfate salts were added to wheat flour, according to a central composite rotatable design. The farinograph and extensigraph properties of wheat flour and its mixtures were evaluated. The results were analyzed by response surface methodology. Calcium ions stood out for increasing water absorption, decreasing mixing stability, and producing a delayed effect on dough extensibility (reduced at 135 min). Magnesium ions influenced most flour rheological properties in a similar manner to oxidizing agents (increased dough stability, increased resistance to extension, and reduced extensibility), thus proving to be a possible replacement agent for these additives. An interaction effect of the combined calcium and magnesium ions was observed on dough development time. The results showed that effects on processing can occur when wheat flour fortification is made, and adaptations on wheat flour specifications, product formulation, and processing parameters may be required. 相似文献
59.
Immunogenicity and haemagglutination of recombinant Avibacterium paragallinarum HagA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Inactivated vaccines of Avibacterium paragallinarum provide protection and reduce the economic losses caused by infectious coryza. However, inactivated bacterins provide protection only against the Page serovars included in the vaccine. In this study, we investigated the immunological properties of a functional recombinant haemagglutinin protein (rHagA) derived from a Taiwan isolate strain A9 as the immunogen for vaccination. The rHagA subunit vaccine protected 71% of immunized chickens against 10(10) colony-forming units (CFU) of viable A9. Vaccinated chickens which showed no clinical signs of coryza developed haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers of 1:10 or greater. Haemagglutination (HA) of serovars A and C was not affected by the presence of rHagA specific antiserum. The HA of rHagA could only be induced against formaldehyde-fixed chicken red blood cells (FA-RBCs). These results suggested that HagA is a moderate immunogen and might not be a major haemagglutinin in vivo. However, HagA might be involved in haemagglutination when treated serovar C aggregates fixed RBCs in vitro. 相似文献
60.
浮床种植草坪草对富营养化水体的净化作用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用浮床种植草坪草技术,研究了高羊茅Festuca arundinacea、匍匐翦股颖Agrostis stolonifera 2种草坪草对富营养化水体的净化能力.试验结果表明,2种草坪草对富营养化水体中的氮(N)、磷(P)、化学需氧量(CODcr)等具有明显的净化效果,尤其对总磷(TP)的净化能力最强,能有效改善富营养化水体的水质;2种草坪草之间,匍匐翦股颖对TP的去除效果显著高于高羊茅对TP的去除效果.研究结果显示浮床种植草坪草技术可能是一条有效的修复富营养化水域的新途径. 相似文献