3%啶虫脒乳油对桃蚜药效防治试验

近年来，随着延平区桃园面积的迅速扩大，桃蚜的发生面积和发生程度逐年加重，给桃树生产造成了一定的损失。为了探索3%啶虫脒乳油对挑蚜的防治效果，我们于2003年-2004年连续2年用3％啶虫脒乳油对桃蚜进行田间药效防治试验．取得了显著的防治效果，现将试验结果报告如下。     

Papyriflavonol A, a new prenylated flavonol from Broussonetia papyrifera

A new prenylated flavonol, papyriflavonol A, was isolated from the root barks of Broussonetia papyrifera. The structure of this compound was elucidated as 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6,5'-di-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)-flavonol (1) by spectroscopic analysis.     

Evaluation of Caspase-3 and Ki-67 expression in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by Platycodi radix water extract in Sprague–Dawley rats

Platycodi radix is widely used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. This study aimed to investigate cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (Caspase-3) potential in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by a Platycodi radix water extract in a subchronic toxicity study. One hundred formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded stomach tissues of rats treated with Platycodi radix at doses of 0, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 mg/kg body weight/day were used for the analysis. They were conventionally stained using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemically (IHC) stained using caspase-3 and Ki-67 antibodies. The incidence of squamous cell hyperplasia was significantly increased in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group in both sexes (p<0.01). However, the hyperplastic change was completely repaired after 4 weeks of recovery period. Ki-67 expression was similar in all groups, with no statistically significant differences among the groups. Caspase-3 expression was significantly increased in both sexes in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group (p<0.01), compared with the vehicle control groups, and then reduced to normal levels in the recovery groups in both sexes. In conclusion, this study showed that squamous cell hyperplasia induced by the Platycodi radix water extract in the limiting ridge of the stomach is not considered to be abnormal proliferative change; as a result, squamous cell hyperplasia is considered to be a non-adverse effect when induced by the oral administration of the Platycodi radix water extract once daily for 13 weeks in rats.     

育苗基质对榉树容器苗质量的影响

【目的】为了筛选出适于榉树容器苗生长的最佳基质配比,以提高榉树容器苗的培育质量。【方法】以泥炭土、珍珠岩、蛭石、锯木屑和腐殖土5种材料为原料,按照一定的比例配制成6种基质,以此6种配方基质为供试的育苗基质(其处理编号分别为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5、T6),选择10 cm×5 cm×5 cm的无纺布袋作为育苗容器,进行了榉树容器育苗试验。测定了榉树容器苗的出苗率、形态指标、生物量及生理指标等19个指标,并采用隶属函数法对以不同配方基质培育的容器苗的苗木质量进行了综合评价。【结果】6种基质处理的出苗率从大到小依次为T3>T5>T1>T2>T6>T4,其中T3基质处理的出苗率最高,T4基质处理的出苗率最低,T3基质处理的出苗率是T4基质处理的出苗率的3.47倍;T1基质处理的苗高、地径均极显著高于其他基质处理的,T2基质处理的叶片数显著高于除T1和T5外的其他基质处理的。T2基质处理的侧枝数显著高于其他基质处理的,不同基质处理间容器苗的高径比、侧根数、主根长均无显著差异;T1基质处理的茎干质量、根干质量、苗木干质量及其质量指数均极显著高于其他基质处理的,不同基质处理间容器苗的茎根比无显著差异;T1基质处理的根系活力强度和叶绿素a含量均极显著高于除T2外的其他基质处理的,T2基质处理的叶绿素总量极显著高于除T1外的其他基质处理的,不同基质处理间容器苗的叶绿素b、叶绿素a/b之值均无显著差异,T4基质处理的净光合速率最低,极显著低于其他基质处理的。【结论】采用模糊数学的隶属函数法综合评价得出:以T1基质(其配比为:腐殖土∶泥炭土∶珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)培育的榉树容器苗其质量最好,这种配方基质是榉树容器苗的最佳育苗基质。     

浙江安吉县实施毛竹收购价格指数保险的实践

近年来,随着劳动力工资水平的快速提高以及一系列严格的环保政策的出台,浙江安吉县毛竹收购价格持续走低并在较长时期处于低价徘徊,直接影响了竹农的经济收入和生产管理的积极性,出现了毛竹林抛荒失管现象。为保障竹林经营者的基本收益,扶持竹产业健康持续发展,安吉县探索实施了毛竹收购价格指数保险措施。文章介绍了安吉县毛竹收购价格指数保险的提出、方案设置以及实施2年来的实践情况,探讨了该保险所发挥的作用,提出了进一步改进的建议。     

两种多层复合木质吸声板的试验研究

针对木质吸声板低频段吸声系数低的问题,引入微穿孔中间层结构,制成孔+槽结构和变截面结构复合声学板;采用驻波管法按GBJ88-85<驻波管法吸声系数与声阻抗测量规范>对试件进行了吸声系数对比性试验,结果表明:在中间层引入微孔结构后,吸声板的吸声性能明显变好,低频范围的吸声系数显著提高.     

板栗壳色素醛交联树脂对水中Pb(Ⅱ)吸附性能的研究

采用氨催化—热固化法合成甲醛交联板栗壳色素树脂,通过振荡平衡批处理法研究了初始pH对水中Pb(Ⅱ)吸附的影响,利用准一级动力学、准二级动力学和粒内扩散模型拟合了吸附动力学数据,并采用Langmuir、Fre?undlich等温线对吸附平衡数据进行拟合.结果表明,甲醛交联板栗壳色素树脂吸附水中Pb(Ⅱ)的适宜pH为5—6...     

营林技术决策系统的研究与开发

A set of forestation decision-making system which covers 140 tree species growing extensively in Zhejiang Province including coniferous forest, broad-leaf forest, production forest, and bamboo forest, was developed by cooperation of silvicultural techniques and computer programming based on the experience of forestry management and mathematical models. It can be easily operated to help user selecting tree species in given site types and optimize their benefits, which advances the efficiency of forestation and improves the rationality of decision-making.     

樟树林生态系统中多环芳烃含量和分布特征

利用气相色谱仪 (GC)对樟树林生态系统中植物体各器官和林地土壤的多环芳烃 (PAHs)进行定性和定量测定。结果表明 :乔木层樟树各器官中树皮的PAHs含量最高 ,为 86 4 1μg·kg- 1 ;树干最低 ,为 2 84 3μg·kg- 1 ;其他依次为籽实 (75 2 0 μg·kg- 1 ) >树根 (7115 μg·kg- 1 ) >树枝 (5 35 2 μg·kg- 1 ) >树叶 (4 4 81μg·kg- 1 )。樟树林生态系统中PAHs含量空间分布为 :枯枝落叶层 (92 35 μg·kg- 1 ) >乔木层 (5 995 μg·kg- 1 ) >草本层 (36 31μg·kg- 1 ) >土壤层(14 6 6 μg·kg- 1 ) >灌木层 (2 4 5 μg·kg- 1 )。与无林地土壤的PAHs含量 (3470 μg·kg- 1 )相比 ,樟树林土壤的PAHs含量低 5 0 %以上。同时 ,随大气降水进入樟树林的PAHs,经过林木的吸附和降解后 ,林内降水和地表径流的PAHs种类和含量明显减少 ,说明樟树林生态系统对PAHs具有吸附和降解作用。