临界温度下循环喷油量对柴油机冷起动和排放特性的影响

为探明循环喷油量对小型农用柴油机冷起动特性和排放性能的影响规律,同时寻求其临界温度下的最佳循环喷油量,该研究以一款直列双缸高压共轨柴油发动机为研究对象,利用环境模拟舱整机试验平台,通过多次预试验测得海拔2000 m下,该机不开启预热装置能够成功起动的临界温度为-5 ℃。在此工况下,采用3次喷射方式,通过改变主喷油量研究循环喷油量对该机冷起动特性和排放性能的影响。结果表明：较大或较小的循环喷油量均会导致柴油机冷起动时间增加,甚至起动失败;随着循环喷油量增大,冷起动时间先减小后增加,循环喷油量为20 mg时冷起动时间最短,且HC、CO排放峰值均最低,分别为12984和3008 mg/L;增大或减少循环喷油量均会导致HC和CO排放峰值增加。循环喷油量较大时,CO排放峰值显著增加,并且峰值出现时刻提前。改变循环喷油量对NOx排放峰值有较大影响,循环喷油量为30 mg时NOx排放峰值最小,为368 mg/L。综合考虑,海拔高度2 000 m,环境温度-5 ℃工况下该柴油机起动的最佳循环喷油量为20 mg。研究结果可为柴油机冷起动特性和排放优化提供支撑。     

Effects of conditioned media from human amniotic epithelial cells on corneal alkali injuries in rabbits

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of conditioned media (CM) from human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs) on the corneal wound healing process. Eighteen rabbits (36 eyes) were used and randomly assigned to three groups according treatment: CM from HAECs (group 1), vehicle alone (group 2), and saline (group 3). Corneal alkali injuries were induced with 1 N sodium hydroxide. Each reagent used for treatment evaluation was injected into the dorsal bulbar subconjunctiva and the area of the corneal epithelial defect was measured every other day. Two animals from each group were euthanized at a time on days 3, 7, and 15, and the cornea was removed for histological examination. The sum of the epithelial defect areas measured on day 0 to day 6 as well as day 0 to day 14 in group 1 was significantly smaller than those of other groups. Histological examination revealed that the group 1 corneas had less inflammatory cell infiltration and showed more intact epithelial features compared to the other groups. These results suggest that CM from HAECs promote corneal wound healing in rabbits.     

新疆野苹果花粉活力的研究初报

以新疆伊犁地区新源县交吾托海野果林原生境内的新疆野苹果不同单株的花粉为试验材料,采用固体培养基法研究了不同保存温度和不同浓度蔗糖对花粉活力的影响。结果表明：花粉常温保存3d以内活力较高,平均萌发率为58%,保存5d以后花粉活力开始明显下降,平均萌发率为37%,保存30d以后平均萌发率仅1%,几乎无活力;花粉4℃保存10d以内具有较高活力,平均萌发率在50%以上,4℃保存130d仍有活力;蔗糖对花粉萌发有明显的促进作用,其中以浓度15%蔗糖较好。单株间花粉活力存在差异。     

Generation of a large combinatorial library of the immunoglobulin repertoire in phage lambda

A novel bacteriophage lambda vector system was used to express in Escherichia coli a combinatorial library of Fab fragments of the mouse antibody repertoire. The system allows rapid and easy identification of monoclonal Fab fragments in a form suitable for genetic manipulation. It was possible to generate, in 2 weeks, large numbers of monoclonal Fab fragments against a transition state analog hapten. The methods described may supersede present-day hybridoma technology and facilitate the production of catalytic and other antibodies.     

汽蒸处理对木材力学性质的影响

通过对马尾松、米槠和檫树在汽蒸前后的主要力学性质的对比研究表明,3种木材在试验用的大部分汽蒸条件下,静曲强度和弹性模量有所增加,在汽蒸压力为4at、处理时间6小时的条件下,静曲强度和弹性模量略微下降,但下降量在工程上允许的10％之内。     

丹皮酚对植物病原真菌的体外抑制作用

为揭示丹皮酚在牡丹体内的抗菌机制,采用生长速率法测定了丹皮酚对供试病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用;用涂布平板法测定了丹皮酚对供试病菌孢子萌发及形成的影响。结果表明,丹皮酚含量与病菌菌落直径线性增长及菌丝生物学产量的相对抑制率呈正相关,在丹皮酚含量0.08、0.4mg/mL培养液中培养禾谷丝核菌和茄病镰刀菌5天,对菌丝干重的抑制率分别为79.81%和55.08%。丹皮酚对供试病菌的孢子萌发无作用,但孢子萌发后,其芽管基部膨大、顶端膨大及中间局部膨大。丹皮酚推迟病菌分生孢子梗的形成时间,降低分生孢子的形成数量,在0.20、0.24mg/mLPSA培养基上培养玉蜀黍赤霉和茄病镰刀菌10天,对分生孢子形成的抑制率分别为100%和33.33%。     

关于水力报警阀的几点看法

本文主要论述了水力报警阀的工作原理及其应用。     

基于清洁生产的工业原料林采伐利用

在工业原料林采伐利用中,为达到既有利于企业提高经济效益又有利于森林生态环境的保护,实现森林资源和林业的可持续发展的目的。以清洁生产的理念为指导,介绍了清洁生产的内涵和目标,提出了工业原料林采伐利用中实现清洁生产的建议和对策。     

加工番茄新品种东农713的选育

东农713是以T512为母本、以T511为父本配制而成的加工专用型番茄一代杂种，高抗ToMV、枯萎病和黄萎病。果实鲜红色，长圆形，果形指数1.33，果实硬度0.65 kg?cm-2，耐贮运，可溶性固形物含量5.6 %，番茄红素98 mg?kg-1。成熟期110 d（天）左右，单果质量85~90 g，每667 m2产量6 000~6 500 kg，适合在≥10 ℃的活动积温大于2 500 ℃的地区栽培。