Preparation of Atherosclerosis Model Using Guangxi Bama Mini-pig

The atherosclerosis (AS) model was prepared in Guangxi Bama mini-pig,and the atherosclerosis index (AI) was preliminarily identified in occurrence of AS to provide the basis for the preparation of related models.20 Guangxi Bama mini-pigs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group which were fed with high fat and cholesterol diet to prepare the AS model.Blood biochemical indexes were detected in the process of model preparation and the correlation between AI and the results of vascular slices was analyzed to initially draw up AI of AS.The results of vascular slices showed that the incidence rates of AS of Guangxi Bama mini-pigs in experimental group and control group were 20% and 0,respectively.The association analysis between the results of vascular slices and AI in the pathogenic Guangxi Bama mini-pigs preliminarily suggested that AI was above 3.8 and lasted for more than 3 months during the attack.     

响应曲面法优化草莓汁花色苷促溶技术的研究

为了加速溶出草莓汁中的花青毒,以哈尼草莓为试验材料,原花青素含量为检测指标,依据中心组合响应面设计,研究果胶酶处理对草莓中色素物质溶出的影响。结果表明:果胶酶处理的最佳工艺条件为果胶酶添加浓度为(质量比)1.70‰,45℃处理2.87h;方差分析结果表明模型高度显著(P=0.0002),失拟性不显著(P0.1)。该模型可进行草莓汁加工中花青素溶出的分析及预测。通过该技术处理,可以得到花青素含量高、颜色较好的草莓汁。     

芒果采后炭疽菌Colletotrichum asianum鉴定及生物学特性研究

采用组织块分离法从采后发病芒果果肉中分离病原菌,通过形态学观察、r DNA-ITS序列和系统发育树分析对其进行鉴定,并初步研究其生物学特性。结果表明:从发病芒果中分离到的病菌T0408鉴定为Colletotrichum asianum Prihastuti,L.CaiK.D.Hyde。该菌菌丝生长的适宜温度为20~30℃、适宜pH值为5~8;环境湿度在75%~98%范围内,湿度越大,菌丝生长速度越快,在3 000 lx日光灯的光照强度下连续光照有利于菌丝的生长和产孢;孢子萌发的适宜温度为25~30℃、适宜pH值为6~8,环境湿度为75%~98%,湿度越大、在3 000 lx日光灯的光照强度下连续光照有利于孢子的萌发。     

Physiological characteristics of high yield under cluster planting: photosynthesis and canopy microclimate of cotton

Cotton produces more biomass and economic yield when cluster planting pattern (three plants per hole) than in a traditional planting pattern (one plant per hole), even at similar plant densities, indicating that individual plant growth is promoted by cluster planting. The causal factors for this improved growth induced by cluster planting pattern, the light interception, canopy microclimate and photosynthetic rate of cotton were investigated in an arid region of China. The results indicated that the leaf area index and light interception were higher in cluster planting, and significantly different from those in traditional planting during the middle and late growth stages. Cotton canopy humidity at different growth stages was increased but canopy temperatures were reduced by cluster planting. In the later growth stage of cluster planting, the leaf chlorophyll content was higher and the leaf net photosynthetic rate and canopy photosynthetic rate were significantly increased in comparing with traditional planting pattern. We concluded that differences in canopy light interception and photosynthetic rate were the primary factors responsible for increased biomass production and economic yield in cluster planting compared with the traditional planting of cotton.     

马铃薯微型原种播种机关键部件设计

农业产业和经济发展速度的加快及科学技术水平的提高，使机械设计和制造技术在农业产业中大规模的推广应用。马铃薯作为农业产业重要的组成部分，通过提高其种植技术和水平可以间接地发展其种植潜力。该文在马铃薯种植期间以微型原种播种机为例，通过对原种种植农艺的分析，对关键部件的设计方案展开研究。      

Analysis on Genetic Diversity and Phyletic Evolution of mtDNA Cytb Gene in Zhongdian Yak

In order to investigate the genetic diversity and the origin of evolutionary relationship of Zhongdian yak,we analyzed the complete sequence of 15 individuals Cytb gene,its sequence polymorphism was analyzed,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed.The results showed that the length of the nucleotide sequence were 1 140 bp,with nucleotide frequencies of 26.3%,31.8%,13.1% and 28.8% for T,A,G and C,respectively.Three haplotypes were identified of 15 individuals,with 3 polymorphic sites,including two conversions,one transversion,haplotype diversity was 0.2571 and nucleotide diversity was 0.00035.Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Zhongdian yak and Bos mutusc clustered firstly,then gathered with Bison bison,which indicated that there were high genetic similarity and closer genetic relationship,genetic similarity with other cattle genus was relatively low.Combining with the proof of molecular biology and paleontology,the result supported the point that Bos grunniens and Bos mutus were classified as an alone genus in Bovinae.     

巨型艾美耳球虫偏菱形样蛋白EmRP免疫原性分析

在前期研究中,从巨型艾美耳球虫(Eimeria maxima)cDNA文库中筛选到了免疫保护性抗原偏菱形样蛋白EmRP,本研究为揭示该抗原的免疫保护机理,进一步检测了其免疫原性。以E.maxima卵囊cDNA为模板,用RT-PCR技术扩增EmRP,并构建真核表达质粒pVAX1-EmRP,将其经腿部肌肉注射2周龄的雏鸡,3周龄加强免疫。分别于首次免疫后和加强免疫后1周,采集血清,用ELISA方法检测血清特异性IgG水平,用荧光定量PCR方法(qPCR)检测细胞因子水平,用流式细胞术检测CD4^+T淋巴细胞和CD8^+T淋巴细胞的比例,分析EmRP诱导的免疫反应。序列分析表明,EmRP含有偏菱形样蛋白超家族成员保守区域,为非跨膜蛋白,分子量约为28.4 kD。真核表达质粒pVAX1-EmRP免疫鸡后,与对照组相比,鸡体IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-10和IL-17等细胞因子转录水平显著提升;CD8^+和CD4^+ T细胞比例显著提高,而血清特异性IgG水平与对照组差异不显著。结果表明,EmRP诱导的免疫保护作用主要是由其诱导的细胞免疫反应实现的,可以作为研制E.maxima新型疫苗的候选抗原。     

汉中市耐寒桉树引种繁殖试验

桉树是目前世界上发展最快的短轮伐期工业原料林树种,但多数不耐寒,适宜在热带和亚热带地区发展。为了扩大其北移引种,从四川省林科院引种耐寒品种开展抗寒、抗逆性研究,初步能在汉中安全越冬。本文以邓恩桉全光喷雾嫩枝扦插试验为例,介绍了耐寒桉树繁殖技术。试验采用4种基质、吲哚丁酸3个处理、1个对照、3个重复,结果表明:扦插不同基质处理以珍珠岩∶腐质土(4∶6)最好,吲哚丁酸不同浓度处理间差异不显著,以浓度1 000mg·L-1最好,平均生根率最高达70.83%。     

固态发酵醋糟饲料对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响

本试验旨在研究固态发酵醋糟饲料(SFVD)对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量的影响。选择体况相近[(59.04±0.33)kg]的健康“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长育肥猪60头,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮+150 mg/kg土霉素钙,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+5%的SFVD。预试期6 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪平均日采食量(ADFI)具有一定的促进趋势(P=0.056);显著降低了育肥猪饲粮中干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、有机物(OM)和总能(GE)的表观消化率(P<0.05),对粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率有一定的促进趋势(P=0.052);显著提高了育肥猪血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.055和P=0.077);显著提高了育肥猪粪便中丙酸含量(P<0.05),粪便中甲酸和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.071和P=0.054)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪生长性能、肠道健康及免疫性能的提高具有潜在的促进作用。