用DNA限制性片段长度多态性鉴定旋毛虫各隔离种

以旋毛虫国际标准虫种：旋毛形线虫（Trichinella spirlais）和本地长形线虫(Trichinella nativa）作对照,应用DNA限制性片段长度多态性（PELP）技术对黑龙江省猪、犬旋毛虫进行虫种鉴定。结果显示：猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫酶切图谱相同;犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫酶谱一致。结果提示,黑龙江猪旋毛虫为旋毛形线虫,犬旋毛虫为本地毛形线虫。     

Germination response of Orobanche seeds subjected to conditioning temperature, water potential and growth regulator treatments

Broomrapes (Orobanche spp.) are parasitic weeds that cause significant losses of crop yield. Experiments were conducted to investigate the seed response to the artificial germination stimulant GR₂₄ in three species of Orobanche subjected to preconditioning under various temperatures, water potentials and with plant growth regulators. The highest germination percentages were observed in Orobanche ramosa, Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche minor seeds conditioned at 18°C for 7 days followed by germination stimulation at 18°C. With the increase of the conditioning period (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), the germination percentage of O. ramosa and O. aegyptiaca progressively decreased. When conditioned at −2 MPa, the germination percentage was lower than at 0 and −1 MPa, especially at 13 and 28°C. Orobanche minor seeds could retain relatively high germination if conditioned at 18, 23 or 28°C, even after significantly extended conditioning periods (up to 84 days). GA₃ (30–100 mg L⁻¹), norflurazon and fluridone (10–100 mg L⁻¹), and brassinolide (0.5–1.0 mg L⁻¹) increased seed germination, while 0.01 mg L⁻¹ uniconazole significantly reduced germination rates of all three Orobanche spp. The promotional effects of GA₃ and norflurazon and the inhibitory effect of uniconazole were evident, even when they were treated for 3 days. Germination of Orobanche seeds was much lower when the unconditioned seeds were directly exposed to GR₂₄ at 10⁻⁶ m . This early GR₂₄-induced inhibition was however alleviated or even eliminated by the inclusion of GA₃ or norflurazon (10–50 mg L⁻¹) in the conditioning medium. On the contrary, the inclusion of uniconazole increased the inhibitory effect of GR₂₄, particularly in the case of O. ramosa.     

N-[5-(1-邻氯苯氧乙基)-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基]-N''- 芳氧乙酰基硫脲的合成与生物活性

为了寻找新的高生物活性农药,通过2-氨基-5-(1-邻氯苯氧乙基)-1,3,4-噻二唑与芳氧乙酰基异硫氰酸酯反应,合成了9个新的芳氧乙酰基硫脲,初步的生物活性测定结果表明,部分目标化合物具有良好的植物生长调节活性,其中2c、2d具有较好的生长素活性,其生长促进率分别为26.9%和27.2%.     

影响波尔山羊超排效果的因素

对204只(次)波尔山羊采用C IDR+FSH+PG法超数排卵(以下简称超排),发情配种后第6天采用手术法从子宫角采胚,采胚成功率为92.16%(188/204),头均获胚(16.68±7.89)枚,其中头均获可用胚(14.11±8.37)枚,可用胚率84.66%(2 654/3 135)。对不同国家产FSH、不同剂量FSH、注射LRH+P4、不同季节、重复超排、左右侧卵巢等因素对波尔山羊超排效果的影响进行了研究。结果表明,以日本和国产(动物所)FSH超排效果为佳,头均获可用胚分别为(15.66±8.26)枚(n=89)和(15.39±6.91)枚(n=23);日本产FSH 14~16 mL组效果最佳,头均获可用胚(19.63±8.96)枚(n=19);注射LRH+P4组头均获可用胚(16.04±8.84)枚(n=80),极显著高于对照组(12.16±7.68)枚(n=62);春季、秋季、冬季超排头均获可用胚分别为(10.86±5.10)枚(n=7)、(11.30±8.29)枚(n=23)、(11.00±6.17)枚(n=10),差异不显著;重复超排(间隔12月)第1次头均获可用胚(15.08±5.12)枚(n=26),第2次头均获可且胚(16.92±8.32)枚(n=26)。     

欧氏和玛氏对盲囊线虫线粒体nad1基因部分序列的比较研究

欧氏对盲囊线虫(Contracaecum ogmorhini)和玛氏对盲囊线虫(Contracaecum margolisi)是属于欧氏对盲囊线虫复合种中的两个种，前来自于南半球，后来自于北半球，二在地理分布和宿主特异性方面均有明显的不同。本研究用γ^33P对引物进行标记，通过聚合酶链式反应一单链构象多态性(PCR—SSCP)分析和DNA序列分析技术对来自南半球两个不同地理种群的欧氏对盲囊线虫和北半球种群的玛氏对盲囊线虫在线粒体NADH脱氢酶亚单位Ⅰ基因(nad1)部分序列的差异及种群遗传关系进行了研究。结果显示：南半球两个种群的序列相似性很高，而北半球种群与南半球种群的序列相似性则相对较低，它们之间had1部分序列种间遗传差异大于种内，且存在着2个可作为区分两的遗传标记。种群遗传关系分析也表明：北半球的玛氏对盲囊线虫种群作为一个独立的新种而区别于南半球的两个欧氏对盲囊线虫种群。     

硒和碘营养对蛋鸡不同组织抗氧化酶活性的影响

本试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加不同剂量的硒和碘对蛋鸡心脏、肝脏、脾脏和甲状腺中几种抗氧化酶活性的影响。288只33周龄的新罗曼蛋鸡,饲喂添加不同剂量硒和碘(0,0;0.2,0:0,0.2:0.2,0.2mgkg)的日粮12周,试验结果如下:硒缺乏时,心脏和肝脏中的GSHPx活性下降(P=0.073);碘缺乏时,心脏和肝脏中的CAT活性下降(P=0.055,P=0.097),肝脏中的GSHPx活性降低(P=0.093);硒碘互作对心脏(P<0.01)和肝脏(P<0.05)中的TSOD和CAT活性影响显著,对脾脏中的TSOD(CAT+GSHPx)值影响极显著(P<0.01)。结果表明:碘能够影响肝脏中含硒酶的活性,硒碘的互作能够影响心脏、肝脏和脾脏的抗氧化酶活性。     

HPLC法测定盐酸氨丙啉的含量及对杂质2-甲基吡啶进行检查

采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氨丙啉的含量及对杂质2-甲基吡啶进行检查.用Waters XTerraTM RP C18色谱柱,以乙腈-甲醇-庚烷磺酸钠溶液(将12 g的1-庚烷磺酸钠溶于1000 mL水中,加24mL冰醋酸,6 mL的三乙胺制得)(5:35:60)为流动相,用紫外检测器于254nm处检测,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL/min.在该条件下盐酸氨丙啉和2-甲基吡啶的分离度很好,盐酸氨丙啉浓度在0.05～0.50 mg/mL范围内,其色谱峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为y=3.07×107x-3.90×104,r=0.999 9,RSD=0.76%.该法适用于盐酸氨丙啉原料药的质量控制.     

Effect of lactacystin and β-lactacystin on the activation and proliferation of T-lymphocytes

AIM: To evaluate the effects of lactacystin (LAC) and β-lactacystin (β-LAC), proteasome inhibitor, on the proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes. METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to analyse the proliferation and the expression of CD69, CD25 and CD3 in PHA activated T-lymphocytes. Furthermore, the expression of PA28 and IL-2 mRNA were assayed by competitive RT-PCR. RESULTS: (1) LAC and β-LAC significantly decreased the incorporation in PHA activated T-lymphocytes. (2) Although LAC and β-LAC did not affect the expression of CD69 at any time, they significantly inhibited the expression of CD25 (48 h, 72 h, P＜0.05). (3) In comparison with control, LAC and β-LAC significantly down-regulated the expression of PA28 and IL-2 mRNA (48 h, 72 h, P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS: LAC and β-LAC significantly inhibit the proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes. Mechanisms involved are inhibition of CD25 and down-regulation of PA28 and IL-2 mRNA expression.     

Effects of Ginkgolide B on glutamate-induced apoptosis and calcium overload in cultured rat cortical neurons

AIM: To observe the effects of ginkgolide B on the neuron apoptosis induced by glutamate and explore whether this effects are related to the changes of calcium in neurons. METHODS: Primary neuron culture was prepared according to a previously reported procedure with slight modification. Neuron damage was induced by 0.8 mmol/L glutamate. The cell survival rate was examined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. The neuron morphological changes, Hoechst 33258 unclear-staining analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA were measured as the indexes of cell apoptosis. Intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in neurons was measured by using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fura-2/AM. RESULTS: The cells, exposed to glutamate (0.8 mmol/L), showed characteristic change of apoptosis and calcium overload, which were relieved by the treatment of ginkgolide B (10-250 μmol/L), with survival increasing and cell morphology restoring and DNA fragment decreasing. CONCLUSIONS: Ginkgolide B prevents the neurons from glutamate neurotoxicity by inhibiting glutamate-induced apoptosis. The potential mechanism of its action may be related to the competitive PAF receptor binding of ginkgolide B and decreasing the intracellular calcium concentration in neurons.     

水稻内生阴沟肠杆菌MR12的鉴定及其固氮和防病作用研究

 水稻是世界主要粮食作物之一，氮肥缺少和病虫害是限制水稻产量的主要因子。水稻白叶枯病、稻瘟病和水稻纹枯病是致使水稻产量遭受重大损失的水稻三大病害。目前防治水稻病害主要采用抗病育种、栽培管理和化学防治等手段。生物防治作为综合防治的一项重要措施，具有对人畜安全、不污染环境等优点，因而越来越受到人们的重视，特别是对于缺乏优良抗病品种的植物病害更有必要探索进行生物防治的新途径。