果桑丰产栽培配套技术

果桑已成为农业观光采摘园中深受游客喜爱的水果之一,种植面积逐年扩大,生产上普遍存在栽培管理水平低下的问题。本文根据万州区近年果桑种植的实践经验总结出包括合理搭配果桑品种、建园标准、果桑栽植、树形培育、修剪技术、肥培管理、桑果品质提升等内容的果桑丰产栽培配套技术,供广大果桑种植者参考。     

非洲猪瘟疫情形势下生长育肥猪饲养管理关键技术

育肥猪的科学饲养与管理直接影响猪场经济效益,非洲猪瘟疫情形势下的育肥猪生产更是充满挑战与压力。文章旨在针对生长育肥猪养殖的基本环节及操作要点,从环境控制、科学饲养与管理、严格防疫等方面阐述了育肥猪养殖的关键技术,为非洲猪瘟疫情防控形势下的生猪保供复产提供技术支撑。     

Deficits of learning and memory in Hemojuvelin knockout mice

Iron is involved in various physiological processes of the human body to maintain normalfunctions. Abnormal iron accumulation in brain has been reported as a pathogenesis ofseveral neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairments. Hemojuvelin (HVJ) is amembrane-bound and soluble protein in mammals that is responsible for the iron overloadcondition known as juvenile hemochromatosis. Although iron accumulation in brain has beenrelated to neurodegenerative diseases, it remains unknown the effect of mutation of HVJgene on cognitive performance. In our studies, HJV(−/−) mice showed deficits in novelobject recognition and Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, the expression ration ofapoptotic marker Bax and anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 in the hippocampus and prefrontalcortex showed higher levels in HJV(−/−) mice. Our results suggested that deletion of HJVgene could increase apoptosis in brain which might contribute to learning and memorydeficits in mutant mice. These results indicated that HJV(−/−) mice would be a usefulmodel to study cognitive impairment induced by iron overload in brain.     

饲喂氧化鱼油对新生仔猪肠道黏膜免疫应答的影响及大豆异黄酮的干预作用

本试验旨在通过研究饲喂氧化鱼油对新生仔猪生长性能、肠道黏膜氧化相关指标、免疫因子、氧化和免疫共同相关因子的影响以及添加大豆异黄酮(SI)对其的干预作用,探讨氧化应激对新生仔猪生长、肠道免疫应答的影响机制.试验选用4日龄新生仔猪96头,分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头仔猪,各组饲粮中分别添加5%新鲜鱼油(Ⅰ组)、5%...     

日粮中添加亮氨酸对生长大鼠血浆瘦素水平和骨骼肌蛋白质代谢的影响

试验旨在探讨添加亮氨酸的日粮对生长大鼠生长性能、骨骼肌蛋白质代谢和瘦素分泌的影响。试验选用24只4周龄雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠作为试验动物,分别饲喂添加3%L-亮氨酸的试验日粮和添加2.04%L-丙氨酸的对照日粮,试验期为12 d。试验第12天,所有大鼠大剂量一次性腹腔注射L-[ring-2H5]苯丙氨酸注射液。结果表明:日粮添加亮氨酸对大鼠生长性能没有显著影响(P>0.05);试验组大鼠血浆中瘦素浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。持续饲喂试验日粮的大鼠腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的蛋白质分解均显著低于对照组大鼠(P<0.01),但仅腓肠肌蛋白质合成显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。总之,长期饲喂添加L-亮氨酸的日粮可以提高生长大鼠血浆中瘦素浓度,并可显著调节生长大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质代谢。     

Perinatal hypoxia induces subsequent retinal degeneration in the offspring of ovoviviparous fish, Xiphophorous maculates

OBJECTIVE: This experiment evaluated the perinatal hypoxic effect on the retina of offspring of the ovoviviparous fish. ANIMAL STUDIED: The ovoviviparous fish Xiphophorous maculates was used for the experiment. PROCEDURE: The mothers were kept in a hypoxic environment of 3.5% oxygen for 6 h, starting 30 h before hatching. Subsequently, the retinae of the offspring were fixed, sectioned at 6 microm and evaluated microscopically from the age of 1 to 35 days. RESULTS: Degeneration of the outer nuclear layer of the retina was noted on the 3rd day and severe retinal degeneration was observed on the 35th day. Immunocytochemistry confirmed apoptosis by TUNEL reaction. There was no difference in neovascularization, as revealed by vascular endothelial growth factor, between controls (group 1) and hypoxic fish (group 2). CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal hypoxia could have long-lasting effects on the central nervous system in some species.     

大肠杆菌acrR插入序列对acrAB表达水平及多重耐药性的影响

为研究大肠杆菌(E.coli)分离株ED28的acrR基因中777bp插入片段对外排泵AcrAB表达水平及多重耐药性的影响,本研究将野生型acrR通过互补实验导入ED28中得到C-ED28。通过药物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)测定、有机溶剂耐受性试验和实时定量PCR(qPCR)等方法检测菌株中AcrAB外排泵的活性。通过PCR方法检测ED28和C-ED28喹诺酮耐药决定区(QRDR)的氨基酸突变及携带的质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药(PMQR)基因和超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)耐药基因。结果显示,临床分离菌株ED28对12种抗生素呈多重耐药表型,而互补菌株C-ED28恢复了对多种药物的敏感性。当能量抑制剂(CCCP)存在时,喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺类药物对ED28的MIC普遍降低,而对C-ED28的MIC保持不变。ED28对染料溴化乙锭(EB)的MIC为512μg/mL,对正己烷和环己烷耐受;而C-ED28对染料EB的敏感性增强,MIC为16μg/mL,对正己烷耐受,对环己烷不耐受。qPCR结果显示,基因acrA和acrB在C-ED28中的表达水平低于亲本菌株ED28,而基因marA在C-ED28中的表达水平高于ED28。靶位突变检测和耐药基因检测结果显示,ED28存在gyrA(Ser83Leu和Asp87Asn)和parC(Ser80Ile)双突变,携带aac(6’)-Ib-cr、blaCTX-M-27和blaTEM-13个质粒编码耐药基因;而C-ED28仅存在gyrA(Asp87Asn)一个突变位点,并丢失aac(6’)-Ib-cr、blaTEM-1两个基因。     

鸡黄病毒灭活疫苗的研制及免疫效果研究

鸡黄病毒FQ—C1株经SPF鸡胚连续传40代后,检测其尿囊液毒的ELD50达到1×10^-4.33／0．1mL。将该病毒第40代SPF鸡胚液毒灭活后制备成油乳剂灭活疫苗。SPF雏鸡和蛋鸡安全性试验表明,该疫苗的安全性好,无不良影响。以该疫苗一次单剂量（1mI／只）免疫开产蛋鸡,28d后攻以鸡黄病毒强毒测定疫苗的保护效果,结果显示疫苗免疫组较未免疫组蛋鸡的产蛋率高出75．8％,产蛋保护率达93．2％以上。试验表明,本研究制备的鸡黄病毒灭活疫苗安全性好,且具有良好的免疫原性,免疫后可有效抵抗鸡黄病毒所致的产蛋骤降。     

动物基因定位的发展及其DNA标记技术研究进展

动物基因定位技术发展迅速,已在世界发达国家动物繁育领域得到了应用。本文介绍了动物基因定位技术发展的现状,以及动物基因定位标记的DNA技术,开创了动物基因定位和改良的新领域。研究动物的遗传结构和控制机制,揭示遗传结构和功能的内在联系。为动物定向培育的进一步发展提供参考。     

鸡霍乱流行病学研究

禽霍乱病原菌肌肉注射人工感染成年鸡后,禽霍乱病原菌首先局限于注射部位生长繁殖,其他部位不能检出菌,静脉注射禽霍乱病原菌入血后,血中含菌数很快就迅速下降,出现一个低谷期,然后才不断上升。各组织、器官在任一时刻的含菌数各不相同,肝、脾含菌量最高。在血中可测到禽霍乱病原菌数量增加时,所感染的鸡均出现临床症状,并在几小时后死亡。分析认为,在各好嗜性组织器官中禽霍乱菌的大量繁殖是导致病鸡死亡的关键因素。