鸵鸟红细胞免疫功能研究

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验，证实鸵鸟红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，Ｃ３ｂＲ），表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｃｄｃｅｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物；鸵鸟红细胞不但有传统医学观念上的功能，而且还可借助ＣＲ１（ＣｏｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｒｅｃｃｐｔｏｒｔｙｐｅＩ）进行免疫粘附，并以此为基础，表现出各种重要的免疫功能。     

Preparation of Cathepsin L1 Monoclonal Antibody Against Fasclala gigantica and Establishment of Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA

【Objective】 This study was intend to obtain cathepsin L1(rFgCat L1) specific monoclonal antibody and construct the double antibody sandwich ELISA.【Method】 Five BALB/c mice were immunized with 1 mg/mL rFgCat L1 protein for four times.Mouse splenocytes were isolated and fused with SP2/0 cells to construct hybridoma cells.Strong positive hybridoma cell lines were screened, 1×10⁶ cells were injected intraperitoneally per mouse to prepare monoclonal antibodies.Antibody titer and antigenic epitope were detected using ELISA method, antibody subtype and specificity were identified using Western blotting method.The double antibody sandwich ELISA was constructed by combining the anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody, and its sensitivity and specificity were tested.The positive and negative critical value was screened by 20 negative sera with positive control, and the constructed double antibody sandwich ELISA was verified by 47 goat positive sera and 47 dairy cow positive sera.【Result】 After immunization, the antibody titers in serum of 4 mice were all more than 10⁴.After isolated mouse with the highest immune response spleen cells were fused with SP2/0 cells total of 8 of them were positive cell lines were obtained after selective culture.5D5 and 7G6 were identified as strong positive strains with stable antibody secretion.After multiple subcloning screens and subcultures, the antibodies secreted in the cell supernatant were stable, with titers of 2⁹ and 2¹⁰ respectively, with ascites titers of 10⁷ and 10⁸.Western blotting and antibody subtype identification kits identified that the two antibodies were IgG1 type and the light chain was kappa type, both of which could specifically bind FgESP.According to the same antigen site was recognized by the two kinds of antibodies, the antigen titer of the two monoclonal antibodies were comparied, 7G6 was used as the coating antibody, and anti-rFgCat L1 was used as the enzyme-labeled secondary antibody.The optimized condition of method was that 7G6 was coated at a concentration of 2 μg/mL, the dilution concentration of anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody was 25 μg/mL, the dilution of Don-HRP-conjugated was 1∶4 000, 5% skimmed milk powder was selected as the blocking solution and the color development time was 25 min.The method was proved that could recognize the lowest antigen concentration of 0.625 μg/mL, also could specifically recognize antigen of Fasciola fasciatus.The constructed sandwich ELISA method was used for antigen detection of 47 dairy cow positive serum and 47 goat positive serum infective samples kept in the laboratory and the positive antigen rate were 72.3% and 78.7%, respectively.【Conclusion】 Anti-rFgCat L1 monoclonal antibody was successfully prepared and the double-sheet sandwich ELISA method for fascioliasis was constructed, which provided a good theoretical basis and material basis for the development of low-cost and rapid diagnostic kits.     

枫杨种源苗期生长及生物量地理变异研究

对采自15个省区的55个枫杨种源种子在浙江安吉进行苗期试验。参试种源表现出明显的苗期生长差异，苗高的极差达163％，地径极差达180％，生物量极差达194％。种源苗高生长表现出明显的南－北纬向及垂直变异趋势，枫杨南部分布区及低海拔种源的高生长一般优于北部分布区和高海拔地区的种源。枫杨在长江中下游亚区、江南丘陵及华南亚区、漓江－湘江－洞庭湖水系、贵川陕西部亚区、北部亚区内表现出各自的亚区变异模式。根据苗高、地径及总生物量等主要性状，构建综合选择指数函数I＝0．1167X1（总干质量／g) 0.0750X2(苗高／cm)-0.1231X3(地径／cm)，并评选出6个苗期生长优良的种源，即江西南部的信丰，贵州东北部的思南，陕西中部的汉中，湖南洞庭湖的益阳，重庆的涪陵以及福建东北部的福安种源。     

装饰单板贴面胶合板与杉木复合制造地板技术

为了降低实木复合地板生产的材料消耗和成本,直接采用装饰单板贴面胶合板与杉木组合制造实木复合地板.结果表明,按改进工艺制造的复合地板不仅具有国标所要求的物理力学性能,而且可降低材料成本30%左右.     

Downregulation of the expression of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan in porcine cystic follicles

Inhibins, as members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, downregulate the synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in an endocrine manner. The role of inhibin/betaglycan in the ovary regulation recently gained attention. To date, no data exist on the function of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan in cystic follicles. In this study, the expressions of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan in cystic follicles were investigated using immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Both inhibin α subunit and betaglycan immunoreactivities were mainly localized in the granulosa cells of follicles. Expression of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan was inferior in cystic follicles compared with that in normal large follicles. However, the result of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed no significant difference in the decreasing in concentration of inhibin α subunit in cystic follicular fluid compared with the control (P>0.05). In this study, we explored the effects of FSH on betaglycan expression in granulosa cells in vitro. As expected, a significant increase in the expressions of betaglycan mRNA and protein in granulosa cells was observed in response to exogenous FSH (30 ng/ml) (P<0.05) compared with the control. Consequently, this study provides evidence that the expressions of inhibin α subunit and betaglycan are inferior in cystic follicles, and this may be caused by the decrease in FSH in the presence of a cystic follicle.     

基于无人机多光谱影像和关键点检测的雪茄烟株数提取

为从无人机遥感影像中准确识别烟草,实现植株定位与计数,以雪茄烟草植株为研究对象,提出一种新的深度学习模型。区别于传统的利用检测框识别目标,本文模型利用少量的关键点学习烟草中心形态学特征,并采用轻量级的编、解码器从无人机遥感影像快速识别烟草并定位计数。首先,提出的模型针对烟草植物形态学特点,通过中心关键点标注的方法,使用高斯函数生成概率密度图,引入更多监督信息。其次,对比不同主干网络在模型中的效果,ResNet18作为主干网络时平均精度大于99.5%,精度和置信度都高于测试的其他主干网络。而MobileNetV2在CPU环境下达到运行效率最优,但平均置信度相对较低。使用损失函数Focal Loss与MSE Loss结合的Union Loss时,平均精度大于99.5%。最后,利用不同波段组合作为训练数据,对比结果发现使用红边波段更有助于模型快速收敛且能够很好地区分烟草和杂草。由于红边波段与植株冠层结构相关,使用红边、红、绿波段时平均精度达到99.6%。本文提出的深度学习模型能够准确地检测无人机遥感影像中的烟草,可为烟草的农情监测提供数据支持。     

4种中药复方对长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化和抗应激指标的影响

【目的】探讨不同中药复方对长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化和抗应激指标的影响,筛选能有效提高长江鲟幼鱼免疫力及抗病力的中药复方,为中药在长江鲟养殖生产中的推广应用提供参考依据。【方法】将17味中药按照中药配伍理论设计4种中药复方,分别是复方I（鱼腥草:金银花:大黄:茯苓:甘草︰黄芪=3:3:1:2:1:2）、复方II（板蓝根:大黄:五加皮:党参=3:3:4:3）、复方III（金银花:杏仁:贯众:大青叶:山豆根:桔梗=3:2:2:2:3:2）、复方IV（黄芪:黄柏:甘草:山楂:五味子:大黄:党参=3:3:1:2:2:2:2）,以不添加中药为对照组,按0.5 g/kg的添加量进行长江鲟幼鱼饲喂试验,并于第7和第14 d采集血样测定各项血清生理指标。【结果】与对照组相比,复方I组和复方II组可不同程度地提高长江鲟血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、过氧化物酶（POD）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、热休克蛋白70（HSP70）含量,降低丙二醛（MDA）含量,但仅部分指标差异达显著水平（P<0.05,下同）;复方III组和复方IV组可明显提高长江鲟血清SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、POD、AKP活性及T-AOC,降低MDA和皮质醇（COR）含量,且大部分指标与对照组的差异达显著水平。相关分析结果表明,SOD活性与GSH-Px活性及T-AOC、POD活性与GSH-Px活性呈极显著正相关（P<0.01,下同）,POD活性与SOD活性、CAT活性及T-AOC呈显著正相关,SOD活性与COR含量、T-AOC与COR含量呈极显著负相关,GSH-Px活性与COR含量、T-AOC与MDA含量呈显著负相关。【结论】在基础饲料中添加适宜的中药复方对长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化和抗应激能力有显著促进作用,尤其以复方III（金银花、杏仁、贯众、大青叶、山豆根、桔梗）和复方IV（黄芪、黄柏、甘草、山楂、五味子、大黄、党参）的效果最佳,可有效缓解长江鲟幼鱼机体面临的应激反应,达到保护效果。     

江西省芝麻地方种质表型性状遗传多样分析

【目的】对江西省芝麻地方种质资源进行表型性状遗传多样分析,为江西芝麻种质资源的有效利用及开发提供理论参考。【方法】依托“第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”从江西省39个县(市、区)收集到的132份芝麻地方种质为试验材料,对其23个表型性状(12个质量性状和11个数量性状)进行测定,并计算遗传多样性指数和变异系数。同时,对11个数量性状进行相关分析,并对供试种质进行聚类分析。【结果】23个表型性状的平均遗传多样性指数为1.2821,其中,12个质量性状的遗传多样性指数为0.3217~1.0307,平均0.7290;11个数量性状的变异系数为4.70%~43.58%,遗传多样性指数为1.6138~2.0627,平均1.8855。3种粒色类型芝麻种质中,以46份白芝麻种质表型性状的平均遗传多样性指数最高,为1.3602,74份黑芝麻种质和12份其他粒色(黄色、褐色、黄褐色、红褐色等)芝麻种质表型性状的平均遗传多样性指数分别为1.1782和1.0476。生育期与株高、始蒴高度、蒴果长、千粒重和蛋白含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),但与含油量呈极显著负相关。供试的132份芝麻种质资源可分为四大类,不同类群种质的来源地存在地理位置的交错分布现象,其中,第Ⅰ类群可作为潜在选育芝麻高含油量新品种的亲本材料,第Ⅱ类群可作为潜在高产优良芝麻材料利用,第Ⅲ类群可作为潜在矮杆株型的亲本材料,第Ⅳ类群可作为潜在的高蛋白型亲本材料加以利用。【结论】江西芝麻地方种质资源的主要表型性状变异较大,遗传多样性较丰富,其中以46份白芝麻种质的遗传多样性更丰富。种质间亲缘关系与地理来源无必然联系。以高产高蛋白为育种目标时应选择株高较高,始蒴高度适中、蒴果较大、千粒重较高的材料为亲本,并据此进行后代选择。